Genética de caracteres do pedúnculo em cruzamentos de feijão-caupi, segregando para inflorescências simples e composta.

O feijão-caupi apresenta nas cultivares atuais inflorescência do tipo simples, com uma ou poucas flores por cacho. Outras leguminosas, como o feijão comum e a soja, com maior potencial produtivo, têm inflorescência composta, com várias flores por botão floral. Este trabalho avaliou a genética dos caracteres relacionados ao pedúnculo, em cruzamentos de feijão-caupi, segregando para inflorescências simples e composta.bitstream/item/142377/1/Boletim-109-2.pd

Mimicking of pulse shape-dependent learning rules with a quantum dot memristor

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the European Union (FPVII (2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 318287 Landauer) as well as the state of Bavaria. The Brazilian authors acknowledge the support of CNPq. V. L.-R. acknowledges the support of FAPESP (grants 2014/02112-3 and 2015/10765-0).We present the realization of four different learning rules with a quantum dot memristor by tuning the shape, the magnitude, the polarity and the timing of voltage pulses. The memristor displays a large maximum to minimum conductance ratio of about 57000 at zero bias voltage. The high and low conductances correspond to different amounts of electrons localized in quantum dots, which can be successively raised or lowered by the timing and shapes of incoming voltage pulses. Modifications of the pulse shapes allow altering the conductance change in dependence on the time difference. Hence, we are able to mimic different learning processes in neural networks with a single device. In addition, the device performance under pulsed excitation is emulated combining the Landauer-Büttiker formalism with a dynamic model for the quantum dot charging, which allows explaining the whole spectrum of learning responses in terms of structural parameters that can be adjusted during fabrication such as gating efficiencies and tunneling rates. The presented memristor may pave the way for future artificial synapses with a stimulus-dependent capability of learning.PostprintPeer reviewe

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de trigo irrigado no Cerrado do Brasil Central.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de trigo irrigado, nas condições do Cerrado do Brasil Central. O rendimento de grãos de cinco cultivares e nove linhagens de trigo irrigado foram aferidos no ensaio de valor de cultivo e uso. Os ensaios foram conduzidos nos anos de 2005 e 2006, em seis locais em Minas Gerais, três em Goiás e um no Distrito Federal. Os dados de rendimento de grãos foram submetidos à análise de variância individual e à análise de variância conjunta, para a estimativa dos parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas, entre os genótipos, em 14 dos 16 ambientes avaliados. Nenhum dos genótipos avaliados apresentou o comportamento ideal preconizado pelo método de Cruz e colaboradores. Destacaram-se a cultivar BRS 264 e a linhagem CPAC 02167, pela superioridade em todas as condições do Cerrado do Brasil Central (adaptabilidade geral). Entre os demais genótipos avaliados, destacaram-se as cultivares BRS 207 e EMBRAPA 22, responsivas à melhoria das condições ambientais, e as cultivares BRS 254 e EMBRAPA 42, pela adaptabilidade específica a ambientes desfavoráveis ao cultivo de trigo irrigado

Dendritic Morphology Predicts Pattern Recognition Performance in Multi-compartmental Model Neurons with and without Active Conductances

This is an Open Access article published under the Creative Commons Attribution license CC BY 4.0 which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works, as long as the author of the original work is citedIn this paper we examine how a neuron’s dendritic morphology can affect its pattern recognition performance. We use two different algorithms to systematically explore the space of dendritic morphologies: an algorithm that generates all possible dendritic trees with 22 terminal points, and one that creates representative samples of trees with 128 terminal points. Based on these trees, we construct multi-compartmental models. To assess the performance of the resulting neuronal models, we quantify their ability to discriminate learnt and novel input patterns. We find that the dendritic morphology does have a considerable effect on pattern recognition performance and that the neuronal performance is inversely correlated with the mean depth of the dendritic tree. The results also reveal that the asymmetry index of the dendritic tree does not correlate with the performance for the full range of tree morphologies. The performance of neurons with dendritic tapering is best predicted by the mean and variance of the electrotonic distance of their synapses to the soma. All relationships found for passive neuron models also hold, even in more accentuated form, for neurons with active membranesPeer reviewedFinal Published versio

Fertirrigação com nitrogênio e potássio na produção da bananeira "Grand Naine".

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de nitrogênio e potássio, aplicadas via água de irrigação por microaspersão, sobre as características de produção da bananeira, cv. Grand Naine, no segundo ciclo..

Capacidade de uso da terra e abatimento de erosão hídrica em propriedades agrícolas do sul do Rio Grande do Sul.

Sistemas de uso e manejo do solo adotados de forma inadequada podem comprometer a qualidade dos solos e dos corpos hídricos. O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a capacidade de uso da terra e o percentual de abatimento de erosão, decorrentes do uso e manejo adequados do solo para a bacia hidrográfica do arroio Epaminondas. Foram selecionadas três propriedades rurais da bacia, subdivididas em glebas homogêneas. Foi realizado o levantamento dos fatores limitantes de cada gleba, bem como análises físicas e químicas dos solos. Foi classificada a capacidade de uso da terra, identificados os conflitos de uso e calculado o percentual de abatimento da erosão. A profundidade efetiva e o gradiente textural foram os principais fatores limitantes observados, responsáveis pela classificação de 87,69% da área na classe IV de capacidade de uso da terra. Da área agrícola em estudo, 53,42% estão sobreutilizadas, ou seja, em conflito de uso. A implantação de um projeto de pagamento por serviços ambientais, com mudança no uso da terra e substituição do cultivo convencional por sistemas conservacionistas, pode proporcionar redução de 59,74% da erosão nessas áreas agrícolas. Nas áreas atualmente com hortaliças e pousio, a adoção da prática de plantio direto em hortaliças, com cultivo em nível e em rotação com plantas de cobertura, além da recuperação das pastagens, pode promover abatimento da erosão em, aproximadamente, 51%

Exploring enablers and barriers to accessing health services after a fall among people with intellectual disability

Background: Adults with intellectual disability experience high rates of falls making falls prevention an important health need. The purpose of the study was to seek perspectives of older adults with intellectual disability and their caregivers to (a) explore the experiences of older adults with intellectual disability when seeking healthcare services after a fall and (b) identify enablers and barriers when taking up evidence-based falls recommendations. Method: A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken as part of a prospective observational cohort study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample. Data were analysed thematically using Colaizzi\u27s method. Results: Seventeen interviews were conducted (n = 21). Emergent themes demonstrated that participants had limited knowledge about falls prevention. Enablers included individualizing falls prevention strategies. Barriers included not being offered access to established falls prevention pathways. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to develop high-quality falls prevention services for older adults with intellectual disability

A Model of DENV-3 Infection That Recapitulates Severe Disease and Highlights the Importance of IFN-γ in Host Resistance to Infection

There are few animal models of dengue infection, especially in immunocompetent mice. Here, we describe alterations found in adult immunocompetent mice inoculated with an adapted Dengue virus (DENV-3) strain. Infection of mice with the adapted DENV-3 caused inoculum-dependent lethality that was preceded by several hematological and biochemical changes and increased virus dissemination, features consistent with severe disease manifestation in humans. IFN-γ expression increased after DENV-3 infection of WT mice and this was preceded by increase in expression of IL-12 and IL-18. In DENV-3-inoculated IFN-γ−/− mice, there was enhanced lethality, which was preceded by severe disease manifestation and virus replication. Lack of IFN-γ production was associated with diminished NO-synthase 2 (NOS2) expression and higher susceptibility of NOS2−/− mice to DENV-3 infection. Therefore, mechanisms of protection to DENV-3 infection rely on IFN-γ-NOS2-NO-dependent control of viral replication and of disease severity, a pathway showed to be relevant for resistance to DENV infection in other experimental and clinical settings. Thus, the model of DENV-3 infection in immunocompetent mice described here represents a significant advance in animal models of severe dengue disease and may provide an important tool to the elucidation of immunopathogenesis of disease and of protective mechanisms associated with infection