Englishing The Lusiad. Richard Fanshawe?s translation of Os Lusíadas and its relation with the contemporary English political context

Os Lusíadas, by the Portuguese poet Luís de Camões, was first translated into English at a time of profound social and political uncertainty. Published in 1655 during the Interregnum, and translated by Sir Richard Fanshawe (1608-1666), a loyal royalist and courtier of Charles I, The Lusiad became the first translation of the epic to be made outside of the Iberian Peninsula, and the first major literary exchange between Portugal and England. In addition to its foundational role in bringing Portuguese literature into England, the timing of The Lusiad's publication and the political allegiances of its translator raise the possibility that, in its first iteration in English, Camões's epic was re-shaped by the political context in which it was produced. This thesis re-visits the first English translation of Os Lusíadas in order to ascertain to what extent and in what way the Portuguese epic was shaped by the British political environment of the 1650s. It closely examines the life and career path of Richard Fanshawe that led to the choice of Camões's epic as an object of translation and how that choice changed his life in the aftermath of the Restoration, effectively making him the ideal candidate for the post of Ambassador to Portugal. It performs a close reading of the translation and its accompanying paratexts in relation to the context of the publication, identifying and highlighting the elements that Fanshawe consciously refashioned to address the specific problems Britain faced in the mid-seventeenth century. Englishing The Lusiad argues that Richard Fanshawe performed a specific kind of appropriation of its object by subtly redirecting themes and scenes in the original Portuguese text towards the events of the English Civil Wars and the Interregnum

Materiais para o fim do mundo 4

Para estudar o imaginário do fim do mundo, o Instituto de Literatura Comparada Margarida Losa organiza, desde 2013, uma série de seminários abertos, coincidindo com os equinócios e os solstícios. Os libretos Materiais para o Fim do Mundo recolhem alguns ensaios apresentados nesses seminários, ou textos afins. Neste quarto libreto, Matilde Vieira questiona os fins do mundo perspectivados pelas crianças, entre a literatura infanto-juvenil, a paisagem desolada de A Estrada de Cormac McCarthy, a desagregação da linguagem, a invasão do nada; Tiago Sousa Garcia encontra em Camões as razões para o canto e para a renúncia ao canto, quando o mundo ciclicamente se perde numa "austera, apagada e vil tristeza"; por fim, Vítor Ferreira lê o fascínio e o pavor pelo fim do mundo entre o teatro de Sarah Kane e o cinema de Lars von Trier, problematizando conceitos como pessimismo, perigo ou responsabilidade

Modeling a Decentralized Market-Based Scheme for Responsive Demands

One of the major problems in the present era consists on carefully and wisely explore the resources that can be obtained throughout interaction and exploration of the present resources on our planet. As for that, it is important not only to explore resources efficiently, but also to explore them in a way that considers consistency on its exploration. A problem that energy networks are facing nowadays is the high and rising consumption level. Since not only population is growing exponentially, but also due to the fact that electricity is substituting other resources whose usage was almost electricity independent, increasing the requirements of energy and introducing problems to the network control, such as the reduction of the possibility for the network agents to find an alternative during peak hours to fulfill the energy requirements of the fleet in a scenario in which generators fail to work. To solve that problem, it would be crucial to reduce consumption during peak hours, postponing consumption to valley hours, where the network agents won't face problems such as a demand level superior the maximum accepted demand. That problem can be solved using demand response programs. Demand response programs allow end-use customers to make changes in electric usage from their usual consumption patterns, allowing them to postpone load consumption from peaks hours to valley hours. It is observable that the development of many technologies, as well as a crescent flux of information and communication, lead to a new age of smart grid. Through smart meters, demand response end-users have access to their level of consumption, as well as the price/signal data. In this scenario, customers' participation in demand response programs is more likely to happen than ever before, increasing the number and participation of responsive demands in the smart grid. Considering the difficulty for customers to directly negotiate with the independent system operator, a linking agent will be considered for managing the customers and providing individual demand response programs for each demand response end-user. On the other side, DR end-users want to have maximum satisfaction while using electricity. In a flat pricing mode, in which demand response is not considered, customers tend to use electricity at the most convenient time throughout the day, driven by their personal preferences. However, some of the electricity usage can be shiftable without causing a major impact on the demand response end-users' satisfaction. Each demand response provider attempts to form a load pattern of its demand response end-users, achieving compensation for the expenditure saving incurred to system operator due to load shaping. The DR provider motivates the end-users to adjust their electricity consumption profile by price-based or incentive-based programs. By incentivizing end-users to change their consumption scheduling, their energy usage costs will decrease, being the consumers rewarded by their price-adapted consumption. Goals In order to identificate the effectiveness of the proposed model, some case studies will be considered, being the results analyzed based on the following targets: - Investigating the billing costs of the proposed decentralized customers compared to an uncontrolled approach; - Investigating the results of the proposed model compared to a centralized aggregator-based approach, where a demand response aggregator directly purchases electricity on behalf of responsive demands in the day-ahead market

Unveiling the Dynamics of the Universe

We explore the dynamics and evolution of the Universe at early and late times, focusing on both dark energy and extended gravity models and their astrophysical and cosmological consequences. Modified theories of gravity not only provide an alternative explanation for the recent expansion history of the universe, but they also offer a paradigm fundamentally distinct from the simplest dark energy models of cosmic acceleration. In this review, we perform a detailed theoretical and phenomenological analysis of different modified gravity models and investigate their consistency. We also consider the cosmological implications of well motivated physical models of the early universe with a particular emphasis on inflation and topological defects. Astrophysical and cosmological tests over a wide range of scales, from the solar system to the observable horizon, severely restrict the allowed models of the Universe. Here, we review several observational probes -- including gravitational lensing, galaxy clusters, cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization, supernova and baryon acoustic oscillations measurements -- and their relevance in constraining our cosmological description of the Universe.Comment: 94 pages, 14 figures. Review paper accepted for publication in a Special Issue of Symmetry. "Symmetry: Feature Papers 2016". V2: Matches published version, now 79 pages (new format

Wireless Optical Nanolinks with Yagi-Uda and Dipoles Plasmonic Nanoantennas

In this work, we present a theoretical analysis of wireless optical nanolinks formed by plasmonic nanoantennas, where the antennas considered are Yagi-Uda and cylindrical nanodipoles made of Au. The numerical analysis is performed by the finite element method and linear method of moments, where the transmission power and the near electric field are investigated and optimized for three nanolinks: Yagi-Uda/Yagi-Uda, Yagi-Uda/dipole and dipole/dipole. The results show that all these case can operate with good transmission power at different frequencies by adjusting the impedance matching in the transmitting antennas and the load impedance of the receiving antennas

Etnoturismo Indígena Karajá-Xambioá

O turismo surge no complexo conjunto da realidade social global, por sua amplitude divide-se em múltiplos e diferentes formatos. Nesse universo, o etnoturismo conquista significativa visibilidade compondo o segmento turismo cultural tendo como principal atratividade as características culturais étnicas. Como em todo o Brasil, a região amazônica, foco deste estudo, possui um contexto propenso ao desenvolvimento turístico dado seu patrimônio natural e cultural nacional e internacionalmente promovidos. Na porção Amazônica no estado do Tocantins, o turismo em áreas naturais, em especial áreas protegidas, formam uma das frentes de atuação de maior visibilidade turística do estado. Nesse contexto, as comunidades tradicionais são elementos-chave, com destaque para quilombolas e indígenas. A fim de conhecer um recorte dessa realidade o presente estudo analisou o potencial do etnoturismo na perspectiva da comunidade indígena Karajá-Xambioá, localizada no norte do Tocantins. Como objetivos específicos buscou-se identificar atrativos turísticos da comunidade, conhecer a percepção da comunidade sobre o turismo e apontar os atores sociais que potencialmente podem ser envolvidos na visitação. A pesquisa adotou abordagem qualitativa com desenho etnográfico, para geração de dados foi utilizada pesquisa bibliográfica, observação participante e questionário online. A comunidade Karajá-Xambioá possui em seu território patrimônios naturais e culturais que expressam seu potencial turístico. Atividades turísticas são realizadas nesses espaços e são compreendidas pelos anfitriões como um meio para sua autonomia econômica, desenvolvimento social e instrumento para educação socioambiental dos moradores e visitantes

Transmural remission improves clinical outcomes up to 5 years in Crohn's disease

© 2022 The Authors. United European Gastroenterology Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of United European Gastroenterology. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.Introduction: Evidence supporting transmural remission (TR) as a long-term treatment target in Crohn's disease (CD) is still unavailable. Less stringent but more reachable targets such as isolated endoscopic (IER) or radiologic remission (IRR) may also be acceptable options in the long-term. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study including 404 CD patients evaluated by magnetic resonance enterography and colonoscopy. Five-year rates of hospitalization, surgery, use of steroids, and treatment escalation were compared between patients with TR, IER, IRR, and no remission (NR). Results: 20.8% of CD patients presented TR, 23.3% IER, 13.6% IRR and 42.3% NR. TR was associated with lower risk of hospitalization (odds-ratio [OR] 0.244 [0.111-0.538], p < 0.001), surgery (OR 0.132 [0.030-0.585], p = 0.008), steroid use (OR 0.283 [0.159-0.505], p < 0.001), and treatment escalation (OR 0.088 [0.044-0.176], p < 0.001) compared to no NR. IRR resulted in lower risk of hospitalization (OR 0.333 [0.143-0.777], p = 0.011) and treatment escalation (OR 0.260 [0.125-0.540], p < 0.001), while IER reduced the risk of steroid use (OR 0.442 [0.262-0.745], p = 0.002) and treatment escalation (OR 0.490 [0.259-0.925], p = 0.028) compared to NR. Conclusions: TR improved clinical outcomes over 5 years of follow-up in CD patients. Distinct but significant benefits were seen with IER and IRR. This suggests that both endoscopic and radiologic remission should be part of the treatment targets of CD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Clinical recommendations for dry powder inhaler use in the management of COPD in primary care

Acknowledgements The study sponsor was the General Practitioners Research Institute; data collection and analysis were performed by General Practitioners Research Institute. Boehringer Ingelheim was the funding and scientific partner. The members of the PIFotal study group would like to acknowledge Dr. Jaco Voorham from Data to Insights Research Solutions for his assistance with the statistical analyses, Dr Wilma Zijlema for her assistance with the review, drafting and editing of the paper, and Dr. Hans Wouters for his contribution to the project administration in the initial phase of the project. They would also like to thank all contributing researchers: Maria João Barbosa, Ana Margarida Cruz, Liliana Silva, Duarte Araújo, Eurico Silva, Daniel Castro, João Ramires, Ana Fernandes, Catarina Carvalho, Raquel Castro, Jerzy Zientek, Ewa Pasko, Witold Drzastwa, Tomasz Kachel, Kornelia Ciekalska, Krzysztof Wytrychowski, Bernard Panaszek, Krzysztof Kowal, Ebian Brill, Willemien Feenstra, Geert Struik, Hans Schuurman, Mariette van Oostrum, Hennie Holwerda Meekma, Boudewijn Dierick, George Amofa, Esther Kuipers, Lennard Ringnalda, Boris Tyndall, Mark Drenth, Peter Mast, Hilbert Talsma, Raoul Wolfs, Cobie Hoogeboom, Hanneke van Andel, Paul Stoutenberg, Nancy van de Laak, Tessa Hillaert, Laura Holtzer, Natascha Fehrmann, Anniek Makkinga – Maassen van den Brink, Annemarie Hilbink, Erik Feenstra, Murat Tek, Sabrina Burer, Jan van Ginkel, Rinze Boersma, Alyssa Bonger, Miguel Roman Rodriguez, Marina García Pardo, Alejandra Valero Suau, Laura López Velasco, Cecilia Amato, Francisco Palmer Simó, Alberto Abenza, Rosa Llull Vila, Bartolomé Llompart Van Belzen, Silvia Jimeno Martínez, Francesc Moranta Ribas, Margarita Perelló Oliver, Yolanda Gómez López, Patricia Ibañez Gómez, María Nieves Mendieta Lagos, Laura Bueno López, Virginia María Mirabal Sánchez, Ana Delia Rodríguez Delgado, Nils Fischer, Alicia González Sansó, Nayra Ramírez Mendoza, Valeria Gazzaneo, Paula Merced Guillama Rodríguez, Virginia Naranjo Guerrero, Jose Angel Suarez Caballero, Isidoro Souto Bethencourt, Juan R. Dominguez Beatell, Elena Vanesa Rojas Manrique, Maria Jose Sanz Orejas, Cary Perez Lorenzo, Jesús Antonio Pérez Jiménez, Silvia 480 Lara Afonso Trujillo, Bartolomé Dominguez Del Río Boada, Stavroula Papageorgakopoulou, Eleytheria Vakouti, Claire Gkatzoudi, Thodoris Krasanakis, Dimitris Kounalakis , Izoldi Bouloukaki , Nikolaos Tsakountakis, Emmanouela Chronaki, Katherine Mary Borg and Kamila Abutalieva for their time and efforts to perform the study measurements and complete patient inclusion, even in the challenging times of the pandemic. Finally, they would like to thank the participants who generously gave their time to participate in the study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD