Hydrogeomorphology of alluvial benches in an anabranching reach of the Upper Yadkin River, North Carolina

Prior research has been carried out to determine the relationships between flows cited as important to channel form and the morphology of step-like features bordering streams known as alluvial benches. However little effort has been undertaken to understand such relationships along anabranching river reaches, where relative flow volumes are divided and potentially more variable. Thus, the influence of the anabranching planform on the characteristics of alluvial benches is currently not well understood. In this study, low alluvial benches inset within the larger valley flat were surveyed along a two-branch anabranching reach of the Yadkin River at Patterson, North Carolina and related to calculated bench-full discharges and their recurrence intervals via flow apportionment for each branch. The results were compared with historical discharge and recurrence interval data, and used to infer potential pathways for anabranch adjustment to changing flows. It was determined that most of the lowest benches present in both channels of the anabranch exist in equilibrium with their current respective bankfull discharges and represent incipient floodplains, and also that bench creation via lateral accretion is the primary method for channel dimension adjustment within this reach as bench heights in both channel branches are similar to historical values for the single-channel state. It was also determined that the majority of the benches studied are within close proximity of the point of initial bifurcation, suggesting that anabranching exerts some control on bench location

Impact of a Student-teach-student Model for IPE Between Pharmacists and Dermatologists on Student Knowledge and Attitude

Introduction: The effective delivery of patient care is a complex venture, often requiring efficient collaboration among varied healthcare professions. Not surprisingly, research continues to indicate collaboration between these diverse professionals can be challenging. Early exposure of health professions students to interprofessional education (IPE) offers a promising way to improve this collaboration and, in turn, improve patient care and service delivery. Objectives: This study examines the impact of an innovative IPE cocurricular event on knowledge, understanding, and attitudes, regarding future healthcare delivery between medical and pharmacy students. Method: Students developed and conducted an IPE cocurricular event involving medical students of a dermatology-interest club, and pharmacy students of a compounding-interest club. Medical students introduced a patient case, delivered in a standardized-patient format. This was followed by a pharmacy student presentation representing compounding the prescriptions needed for the patient case and writing accurate prescriptions. Following both presentations, students from each program were paired.  Each interprofessional pair then communicated and compounded two medications for the case, working collaboratively.  Pre- and post-questionnaires were designed with rating scales and open-ended questions for data collection.  Results: Both parametric and nonparametric tests revealed significant differences between the pretests and posttests. There was no significant difference in responding between the groups. Inspection of the open-ended questions revealed changes in attitudes regarding collaboration and learning. Conclusions: This study found students of both professions reported significant improvements in their level of knowledge, understanding, and interest in interprofessional collaboration. The open-ended questions revealed both groups of students began the event with different expectations regarding cooperation and interprofessional activities but left the session with very similar perspectives. By including similar IPE activities in early healthcare education, medical students will gain an understanding of the knowledge, skills, and services that a compounding pharmacist can offer in personalized patient care, and pharmacy students will acquire clinical reasoning based on patient presentations. Both factors promote collaboration between professions and ultimately show promise in improving outcomes in patient care

Value Added Grains for Local and Regional Food Systems

Small grains provide numerous benefits for organic farming systems. However, because they have relatively low value and require special equipment, many organic farming systems do not integrate them. Heritage varieities of ommon wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. Aestivum) and its antecedents spelt (Triticum aestivum, ssp. spelta), emmer (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum) and einkorn (Triticum monococcum) are the subject of a project that looks at their viability. Preliminary results of variety trials show that organic farmers have several promising small grain options. Improved management and appropriate equipment are barriers to adoption that the project aims to overcome. Viability will depend on overcoming marketing as well as production obstacles

Divergent Immune Responses in Behaviorally-Inhibited vs. Non-Inhibited Male Rats

Stable behavioral traits (temperament, personality) often predict health outcomes. Temperament-specific differences in immune function could explain temperament-specific health outcomes, however, we have limited information on whether immune function varies by personality. In the present study, we examined the relationship between a basic behavioral trait (behavioral-inhibition vs. non-inhibition) and two immune responses (innate inflammation and delayed-type hypersensitivity, DTH) in a rodent model. In humans, behavioral inhibition (fearful temperament) is associated with altered stress physiology and allergies. In laboratory rats, the trait is associated with elevated glucocorticoid production. We hypothesized that behavioral inhibition is associated with glucocorticoid resistance and dampened T-helper 1 cell responses often associated with chronic stress and allergies. Further, this immune profile would predict poorly-regulated innate inflammation and dampened DTH. In male Sprague-Dawley rats, we quantified consistent behavioral phenotypes by measuring latency to contact two kinds of novelty (object vs. social), then measured lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced innate inflammation or keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH)-induced DTH. Behaviorally-inhibited rats had heightened glucocorticoid and interleukin-6 responses to a low/moderate dose of LPS and reduced DTH swelling to KLH re-exposure compared to non-inhibited rats. These results suggest that behavioral inhibition is associated with a glucocorticoid resistant state with poorly regulated innate inflammation and dampened cell-mediated immune responses. This immune profile may be associated with exaggerated T-helper 2 responses, which could set the stage for an allergic/asthmatic/atopic predisposition in inhibited individuals. Human and animal models of temperament-specific immune responses represent an area for further exploration of mechanisms involved in individual differences in health

Over-Looking Disclosure: Disability and the Writing Center

Despite writing centers commitment to inclusion and accessibility, recent scholarship has pointed out way in which writing center praxis approaches disability from a problematic and ableist standpoint (Rinaldi, 2012; Dembsey 2020). One area in particular where writing center studies tends to adopt such a standpoint is in its policies and practices concerning disability disclosure (the process of reporting one’s status as disabled). Writing center praxis often frames disclosure as a necessity for the sake of addressing student need, while some sidestep overtly requiring disclosure by assuming disclosure as a natural part of the tutoring process. In both cases, writing center scholarship overlooks the challenges and issues disabled individuals must negotiate when disclosing their disabilities. This article highlights some of the key challenges involved in disability disclosure. It then works to analyze writing centers’ approaches to disability disclosure, arguing that writing center praxis tends to frame disclosure according to two problematic assumptions: that disability is a unique problem to the “normal” tutoring process, and it must, therefore, be disclosed in order to “fix” it. Additionally, writing center scholarship often assumes that all disabilities are visible. This article looks at two recent contributions to writing center praxis on the topic of disability, paying particular attention to how these approaches to disclosure complicates and problematizes praxis

Building Organic Bridges', at the Organic World Congress

Abstrac

Comparative mapping of a major aluminum tolerance gene in sorghum and other species in the poaceae.

In several crop species within the Triticeae tribe of the grass family Poaceae, single major aluminum (Al) tolerance genes have been identified that effectively mitigate Al toxicity, a major abiotic constraint to crop production on acidic soils. However, the trait is quantitatively inherited in species within other tribes, and the possible ancestral relationships between major Al tolerance genes and QTL in the grasses remain unresolved. To help establish these relationships, we conducted a molecular genetic analysis of Al tolerance in sorghum and integrated our findings with those from previous studies performed in crop species belonging to different grass tribes. A single locus, AltSB, was found to control Al tolerance in two highly Al tolerant sorghum cultivars. Significant macrosynteny between sorghum and the Triticeae was observed for molecular markers closely linked to putatively orthologous Al tolerance loci present in the group 4 chromosomes of wheat, barley, and rye. However, AltSB was not located within the homeologous region of sorghum but rather mapped near the end of sorghum chromosome 3. Thus, AltSB not only is the first major Al tolerance gene mapped in a grass species that does not belong to the Triticeae, but also appears to be different from the major Al tolerance locus in the Triticeae. Intertribe map comparisons suggest that a major Al tolerance QTL on rice chromosome 1 is likely to be orthologous to AltSB, whereas another rice QTL on chromosome 3 is likely to correspond to the Triticeae group 4 Al tolerance locus. Therefore, this study demonstrates a clear evolutionary link between genes and QTL encoding the same trait in distantly related species within a single plant family

Anderson, Ronald E.

Also available as a printed booklet and from the Dean of Faculty website https://theuniversityfaculty.cornell.edu/Memorial Statement for Ronald E Anderson, who died in 2013. The memorial statements contained herein were prepared by the Office of the Dean of the University Faculty of Cornell University to honor its faculty for their service to the university