138 research outputs found
Energy levels in muonic helium
The energy spectrum of bound states and hyperfine structure of muonic helium is calculated on the basis of stochastic variational method. The basis wave functions of the muonic molecule are taken in the Gaussian form. The matrix elements of the Hamiltonian are calculated analytically. For numerical calculation, a computer code is written in the MATLAB system. As a result, the numerical values of bound state energies and hyperfine structure for muonic helium are obtained.The work is supported by the RSF (Grant 18-12-00128)
Degradation processes in LED modules
Electrical-heat-light degradation model of a light-emitting module has been developed in this work. The Monte-Carlo method was used to calculate the reliability time of LED modules with different halfwidth of LED chip series resistance. Separation of LED chips with different series resistance before assembling may increase the time of emission in a stable mode up to 10%
Hyperfine structure of P-states of light muonic atoms
Precise calculation of hyperfine structure of P -states in muonic ions of lithium, beryllium and boron in quantum electrodynamics is performed. We calculate
different corrections of orders alfa5 and alfa6 due to the vacuum polarization, nuclear structure and recoil in first and second orders of perturbation theory. The tensor method of projection operators for the calculation of the hyperfine structure of P-states with definite quantum numbers of total atomic momentum F and total muon momentum j in muonic ions is used. The obtained values of hyperfine splittings can be used for a comparison with future experimental data.The work is supported by the RSF (Grant 18-12-00128)
Technique and setup for diagnostics of p-n junction to case thermal resistance in high-power gallium nitride LEDs
We present a setup and procedure of studying p-n junction to case thermal
resistance in high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) from their thermal relaxation. A
set of LEDs mounted on a metal-core printed circuit board (MCPCB) were studied. The
contributions to the total thermal resistance from a heavy heat sink, MCPCB, heat slug
and LED chip are separated
Some aspects of thermal resistance measurement technique for IMPATT and light-emitting diodes
Some aspects of measuring the thermal resistance to a constant heat flow at a
p-n junctionβpackage region in IMPATT and light-emitting diodes are considered. We
propose a method of studying the thermal resistance of high-power light-emitting diodes.
This method makes it possible to increase accuracy of measuring the thermal resistance
by determining the temperature at a linear section of the voltageβtemperature curve. A
possibility to measure the thermal resistance of IMPATT diodes by using the pulse I-V
curves is shown. This enables one to simplify calculations and increase accuracy of
measuring the thermal resistance
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° CYP2D6*4 Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ°Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Background: Alcohol dependence is often combined with affective disorders, in particular, depressive disorder, which adversely affects the prognosis of the course of both diseases. For the treatment of a depressive disorder, drugs from the group of tetracyclic antidepressants, of which mirtazapine is a representative, are used. Therapy with mirtazapine is associated with the risk of undesirable drug reactions and pharmacoresistance.
Aim: To study the effect of CYPD6 isoenzyme activity on the efficacy and safety of mirtazapine therapy in patients with depressive disorders comorbid with alcoholism.
Methods: The study was conducted on 109 Russian patients with a depressive disorder, comorbid with alcohol dependence. For the correction of depressive disorders within the framework of cyclothymia, mirtazapine was prescribed to patients at a dosage of 1545 mg/day. CYP2D6*4 genotyping (1846G A, rs3892097) was carried out using Real-time polymerase chain reaction with allele-specific hybridization. Efficacy and safety were assessed using validated psychometric scales and an assessment of the severity of adverse drug reactions.
Results: By the 9th day of the study, the severity of depressive symptoms on the HAMD scale was significantly different in patients with different genotypes: (GG) 7.0 [6.0; 8.0], (GA) 4.0 [3.8; 5.0] (p0.001), safety indicator, estimated on a UKU scale: (GG) 3.0 [3.0; 3.0], (GA) 4.0 [4.0; 5.0] (p0.001). The presence of differences persisted on the 16th day: (GG) 5.0 [3.0; 6.0], (GA) 1.5 [0.8; 3.2] (p0.001), safety indicator, estimated on a UKU scale: (GG) 6.0 [6.0; 7.0], (GA) 8.5 [8.0; 10.0] (p0.001).
Conclusion: In this study, the effect of CYP2D6 gene polymorphism on the efficacy and safety of therapy with mirtazapine was demonstrated. Carrying a minor allele A is associated with an increased risk of adverse drug reactions, but improving performance profile performance.ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ· Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ°Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½. Π’Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ°Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° CYPD6*4 Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ°Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° 109 ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ°Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ 1545 ΠΌΠ³/ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ CYP2D6*4 (1846GA, rs3892097) ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π 9-ΠΌΡ Π΄Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ HAMD ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ: (GG) 7,0 [6,0; 8,0], (GA) 4,0 [3,8; 5,0] (p0,001), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ UKU: (GG) 3,0 [3,0; 3,0], (GA) 4,0 [4,0; 5,0] (p0,001). ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π° 16-ΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ: (GG) 5,0 [3,0; 6,0], (GA) 1,5 [0,8; 3,2] (p0,001), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ UKU: (GG) 6,0 [6,0; 7,0], (GA) 8,5 [8,0; 10,0] (p0,001).
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° CYP2D6*4 Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ°Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»Ρ A ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ CYP2D6 Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Background: Alcohol dependence is often combined with affective disorders, in particular, depressive disorder (DD), which worsens adversely affects the prognosis of the course of both diseases and their outcomes. For the treatment of DD, drugs from the group of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, whose representative is fluvoxamine, are used. Fluvoxamine therapy is often associated with a risk of development is shown to be ineffective, and a part of patients develop dose-dependent adverse drug reactions (ADR) and pharmacoresistance.Objective: To study the effects of CYPD6 isoenzyme activity on the efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine therapy in patients with depressive disorders, comorbid with alcoholism.Methods: The study was conducted on 117 Russian patients with DD, alcohol-dependent comorbid. For the purpose of correction of depressive disorders within the framework of cyclothymia, fluvoxamine (Fevarin) was administered to patients at a dosage of 50β150 mg/day. Genotyping was carried out by the method of polymerase chain reaction in Real-time mode with allele-specific hybridization. Efficacy and safety were assessed using validated psychometric scales and an assessment of the severity of ADR. To evaluate the activity of CYP2D6, the method of high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry was used to measure the urinary content of the endogenous substrate of this isoenzyme and its metabolite, the ratio of 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline.Results: By the 9th day of the study, the severity of depressive symptoms on the HAMD scale was statistically significantly different in patients with different genotypes: (GG) 7.0 [6.0; 8.0], (GA) 4.0 [3.0; 5.0] (p0.001); safety indicator, estimated on a UKU scale: 3.0 [2.0; 4.0], (GA) 4.0 [4.0; 4.2] (p0.001). The presence of differences persisted on the 16th day: (GG) 5.0 [3.0; 6.0], (GA) 1.5 [1.0; 3.0] (p0.001); safety indicator, estimated on a UKU scale: (GG) 9.0 [9.0; 10.0], (GA) 6.0 [6.0; 7.0] (p0.001). The calculation of the correlation coefficients between the difference in the number of scores on psychometric scales and the metabolic ratio showed a statistically significant inverse correlation of the average power degree between the efficiency index estimated by the HAMD scale (r=-0.467, p0.05). There was no connection with the difference on the UKU scale (r=0.173, p0.05).Conclusion: In a study of a group of 117 patients with DD, comorbid with alcohol dependence, the effect of CYP2D6 activity, estimated by the ratio of the endogenous substrate concentrations of pinolin and its metabolite 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline, on the efficacy of fluvoxamine therapy. This effect was also shown using the results of genotyping. The results of genotyping also showed the existence of a difference in the safety index in patients with different genotypes from the polymorphic marker CYP2D6 1846GA.ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ· Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½. Π’Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π³Π΅Π½Π° CYP2D6, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° CYPD6 Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° 117 ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ 50β150 ΠΌΠ³/ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ CYP2D6*4 (1846GA, rs3892097) ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ CYP2D6 ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 6-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-1,2,3,4-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-Π±Π΅ΡΠ°-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π 9-ΠΌΡ Π΄Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ HAMD ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ: (GG) 7,0 [6,0; 8,0], (GA) 4,0 [3,0; 5,0] (p0,001); ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ UKU: 3,0 [2,0; 4,0], (GA) 4,0 [4,0; 4,2] (p0,001). ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π° 16-ΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ: (GG) 5,0 [3,0; 6,0], (GA) 1,5 [1,0; 3,0] (p0,001); ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ UKU: (GG) 9,0 [9,0; 10,0], (GA) 6,0 [6,0; 7,0] (p0,001). Π Π°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ HAMD (r=-0,467, p0,05). Π‘Π²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ UKU ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° (r=0,173, p0,05).ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ CYP2D6, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° 6-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-1,2,3,4-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-Π±Π΅ΡΠ°-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ CYP2D6 ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ CYP2D6 Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π³Π΅Π½Π° CYP2D6 Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Tandem proton accelerator as injector for TRAPP
To inject protons to the TRAPP (synchrotron for therapy of cancer) a tandem accelerator has been constructed. Its parameters are: protons energy is 1.4 MeV, current is 3 mA, pulse duration is 2 ΞΌs, frequency is up to 1 Hz. Negative hydrogen ions are extracted through the slit from a magnetron discharge on the heated surface of the LaB6 cathode. The beam of negative ions with an initial energy of 25 kV accelerates up to the half energy in the first accelerating tube, than recharges into protons in gas nitrogen target in a tube at a potential of 700 kV. After that, the proton beam doubles its energy in the second accelerating tube. Operating and control of the tandem are by means of computer
Studies of the Response of the Prototype CMS Hadron Calorimeter, Including Magnetic Field Effects, to Pion, Electron, and Muon Beams
We report on the response of a prototype CMS hadron calorimeter module to
charged particle beams of pions, muons, and electrons with momenta up to 375
GeV/c. The data were taken at the H2 and H4 beamlines at CERN in 1995 and 1996.
The prototype sampling calorimeter used copper absorber plates and scintillator
tiles with wavelength shifting fibers for readout. The effects of a magnetic
field of up to 3 Tesla on the response of the calorimeter to muons, electrons,
and pions are presented, and the effects of an upstream lead tungstate crystal
electromagnetic calorimeter on the linearity and energy resolution of the
combined calorimetric system to hadrons are evaluated. The results are compared
with Monte Carlo simulations and are used to optimize the choice of total
absorber depth, sampling frequency, and longitudinal readout segmentation.Comment: 89 pages, 41 figures, to be published in NIM, corresponding author: P
de Barbaro, [email protected]
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