13 research outputs found

    Hydrogen diffusion through Ru thin films

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    In this paper, an experimental measurement of the diffusion constant of hydrogen in ruthenium is presented. By using a hydrogen indicative Y layer, placed under the Ru layer, the hydrogen flux through Ru was obtained by measuring the optical changes in the Y layer. We use optical transmission measurements to obtain the hydrogenation rate of Y in a temperature range from room temperature to 100 °C. We show that the measured hydrogenation rate is limited mainly by the hydrogen diffusion in Ru. These measurements were used to estimate the diffusion coefficient, D, and activation energy of hydrogen diffusion in Ru thin films to be D = 5.9 × 10−14 m2/s ∙ exp (-0.33 eV/kBτ), with kB the Boltzmann constant and τ the temperature.</p

    Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC

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    Hydrogen diffusion through Ru thin films

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    In this paper, an experimental measurement of the diffusion constant of hydrogen in ruthenium is presented. By using a hydrogen indicative Y layer, placed under the Ru layer, the hydrogen flux through Ru was obtained by measuring the optical changes in the Y layer. We use optical transmission measurements to obtain the hydrogenation rate of Y in a temperature range from room temperature to 100 °C. We show that the measured hydrogenation rate is limited mainly by the hydrogen diffusion in Ru. These measurements were used to estimate the diffusion coefficient, D, and activation energy of hydrogen diffusion in Ru thin films to be D = 5.9 × 10−14 m2/s ∙ exp (-0.33 eV/kBτ), with kB the Boltzmann constant and τ the temperature

    Signal functions of NCAM

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    CMS physics technical design report: Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

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    This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies ,will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction - Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) - in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x). This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low pT inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high pT hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.0info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
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