10 research outputs found
EFICIÊNCIA DE ÍNDICES DE RISCO DE INCÊNDIOS PARA O PANTANAL SUL-MATO-GROSSENSE
http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509820231The objective of this work was to compare the indices of fire risk from hotspots and define the most efficient for the conditions of South Pantanal of Mato Grosso, based on meteorological data and number of hotspots. The work consisted of correlation analysis between some meteorological variables and the occurrence of hotspots as well as the comparison between the fire risk indices of Angstron (B), Logarithmic index of Telicyn (I), Nesterov Index (G), Monte Alegre Index (FMA) and Modified Monte Alegre Index (FMA+). Meteorological data were collected at 14 hours in the Nhumirim climatological station and hotspots during night of the NOAA12 and NOAA15 from 1999 to 2008. The wind speed and relative humidity were the meteorological variables which best correlated with the occurrence of fire. To detect any degree of fire risk, the FMA, the G and FMA+ were the most efficient indices. For the detection of degrees of fire risk classes very high and high, the G was the most efficient, followed by the FMA. Considering the high probability of success in detecting fire risks in any degree and also in the class of the most high risk, the FMA can be deemed more appropriate for estimating the fire risk for Nhecolândia sub-region.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509820231O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os índices de risco de incêndios a partir de focos de calor e definiro mais eficiente para as condições do Pantanal Sul-mato-grossense, com base em dados meteorológicos enúmero de focos de calor. O trabalho consistiu na análise de correlação entre variáveis meteorológicas ea ocorrência dos focos de calor, bem como a comparação entre os índices de risco de incêndios: Angströn(B), Telicyn (I), Nesterov (G), Monte Alegre (FMA) e Monte Alegre Modificada (FMA+). Foram utilizadosdados meteorológicos coletados às 14 horas na estação Climatológica Principal de Nhumirim e de focosde calor da passagem noturna do NOAA (12 e 15), no período de 1999 a 2008. A velocidade do ventoe a umidade relativa do ar foram as variáveis meteorológicas que apresentaram maior correlação com aocorrência de focos de calor. Para detecção de qualquer grau de risco de incêndio, a FMA, o G e a FMA+foram os índices mais eficientes. Para a detecção de graus de risco de incêndio nas classes Muito alto e Alto,o G foi o mais eficiente, seguido da FMA. Considerando a alta probabilidade de acerto na detecção de riscosde incêndio em qualquer grau e também nas classes de Alto risco a mais, a FMA pode ser considerada amais adequada para estimar o risco de ocorrência de incêndios para a sub-região da Nhecolândia
EFFICIENCY OF FIRE RISK INDICES FOR PANTANAL SUL-MATO-GROSSENSE
O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os \uedndices de risco de
inc\ueandios a partir de focos de calor e definir o mais eficiente
para as condi\ue7\uf5es do Pantanal Sul-mato-grossense, com base em
dados meteorol\uf3gicos e n\ufamero de focos de calor. O trabalho
consistiu na an\ue1lise de correla\ue7\ue3o entre vari\ue1veis
meteorol\uf3gicas e a ocorr\ueancia dos focos de calor, bem como a
compara\ue7\ue3o entre os \uedndices de risco de inc\ueandios:
Angstr\uf6n (B), Telicyn (I), Nesterov (G), Monte Alegre (FMA) e
Monte Alegre Modificada (FMA+). Foram utilizados dados
meteorol\uf3gicos coletados \ue0s 14 horas na esta\ue7\ue3o
Climatol\uf3gica Principal de Nhumirim e de focos de calor da
passagem noturna do NOAA (12 e 15), no per\uedodo de 1999 a 2008. A
velocidade do vento e a umidade relativa do ar foram as vari\ue1veis
meteorol\uf3gicas que apresentaram maior correla\ue7\ue3o com a
ocorr\ueancia de focos de calor. Para detec\ue7\ue3o de qualquer
grau de risco de inc\ueandio, a FMA, o G e a FMA+ foram os
\uedndices mais eficientes. Para a detec\ue7\ue3o de graus de
risco de inc\ueandio nas classes Muito alto e Alto, o G foi o mais
eficiente, seguido da FMA. Considerando a alta probabilidade de acerto
na detec\ue7\ue3o de riscos de inc\ueandio em qualquer grau e
tamb\ue9m nas classes de Alto risco a mais, a FMA pode ser
considerada a mais adequada para estimar o risco de ocorr\ueancia de
inc\ueandios para a sub-regi\ue3o da Nhecol\ue2ndia.The objective of this work was to compare the indices of fire risk from
hotspots and define the most efficient for the conditions of South
Pantanal of Mato Grosso, based on meteorological data and number of
hotspots. The work consisted of correlation analysis between some
meteorological variables and the occurrence of hotspots as well as the
comparison between the fire risk indices of Angstron (B), Logarithmic
index of Telicyn (I), Nesterov Index (G), Monte Alegre Index (FMA) and
Modified Monte Alegre Index (FMA+). Meteorological data were collected
at 14 hours in the Nhumirim climatological station and hotspots during
night of the NOAA12 and NOAA15 from 1999 to 2008. The wind speed and
relative humidity were the meteorological variables which best
correlated with the occurrence of fire. To detect any degree of fire
risk, the FMA, the G and FMA+ were the most efficient indices. For the
detection of degrees of fire risk classes very high and high, the G was
the most efficient, followed by the FMA. Considering the high
probability of success in detecting fire risks in any degree and also
in the class of the most high risk, the FMA can be deemed more
appropriate for estimating the fire risk for Nhecol\ue2ndia
sub-region
Tolerância ao calor em cavalos Pantaneiros sob diferentes regimes de exercício
The objective of this work was to determine how different types of gait affect the physiological and thermographic responses of Pantaneiro horses (Equus ferus caballus) subjected to field conditions under high environmental temperatures. Ten horses were evaluated in a double 5x5 Latin square experimental design, with five gait types: walk, trot, extended trot, gallop, and extended gallop. The following physiological measures were determined immediately after exercise: heart and respiratory rates, blood lactate content, and rectal temperature. Body surface temperatures were evaluated using an infrared camera. The walk, trot, and extended trot were the most adequate gaits for Pantaneiro horses to maintain thermoregulation within the physiological norms under conditions with a high air temperature. The temperatures obtained in the eye and elbow regions show the best predictive capacity for physiological parameters.O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar como os diferentes tipos de andamento afetam as respostas fisiológicas e termográficas de cavalos Pantaneiro (Equus ferus caballus) submetidos a condições ambientais com alta temperatura. Dez cavalos foram avaliados em delineamento experimental de quadrado latino 5x5 duplo, com cinco andamentos: passo, trote, trote estendido, galope e galope estendido. As seguintes medidas fisiológicas foram determinadas logo após os exercícios: taxas cardíaca e respiratória, teor de lactato sanguíneo e temperatura retal. As imagens termográficas foram avaliadas por meio de câmera de infravermelho. O passo, o trote e o trote estendido foram os andamentos mais adequados para os cavalos Pantaneiros manterem a termorregulação dentro das normas fisiológicas em condições de alta temperatura do ar. As temperaturas obtidas nas regiões da área do olho e da axila mostram maior capacidade preditiva para os parâmetros fisiológicos
Comparative study of different methods for the estimation of the reference evapotranspiration for the pantanal sub-region of Nhecolandia-MS.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer um estudo comparativo de alguns métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) para a sub-região do Pantanal da Nhecolândia, município de Corumbá-MS (Latitude 18°59" S, Longitude 56°39" W, Altitude de 98m). Tomou-se como padrão o método do tanque Classe "A" (EToCA), por ser a única medida direta da evaporação potencial da região. A análise de regressão entre EToCA e os métodos de Linacre, Radiação Solar, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves & Samani e Makkink mostrou que o coeficiente linear (a) da regressão não foi significativamente diferente de zero sendo, portanto, utilizado o modelo de regressão (ver dissertação) = b X, onde (ver dissertação) representa a EToCA, e X é a ETo segundo os métodos acima citados. Para os demais métodos (Penman, Penman Simplificado, Hargreaves, Thornthwaite e Camargo), o modelo mais adequado foi (ver dissertação) = a + b X. Dentre os métodos que se baseiam na temperatura do ar, para estimar a ETo, o método de Hargreaves e Samani foi o que apresentou resultados médios mensais mais próximos dos obtidos pelo EToCA, subestimando-a em média 2%. O método de Linacre subestimou a EToCA em 8%; os métodos de Thornthwaite e Camargo subestimaram a EToCA no inverno e superestimaram no verão. Os métodos de Blaney-Criddle e Makkink subestimaram a EToCA em torno de 16% e 20%, respectivamente. O método da Radiação Solar superestimou a EToCA em 13%. Os métodos de Penman Simplificado e Hargreaves superestimaram a EToCA no período de verão e subestimaram no inverno, enquanto o método de Penman subestimou no invernoA comparative study was performed to evaluate several methods for the estimation of the reference evapotranspiration for the Pantanal subregion of Nhecolândia, Corumbá county (MS) (Latitude 18°59" S, Longitude 56°39" W, Altitude 98m). The Class "A" tank method (EToCA) was taken as the standard for evaluation of the different methods, because it was the only direct potential evaporation measurements available in the region. Regression analysis between EToCA and the Linacre, Solar Radiation, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves & Samani and Makkink methods showed that the linear coeficient (a) of the regression was not significantly different from zero; therefore, the model (see dissertation) = b X was assumed, where (see dissertation) was EToCA and X was the ETo according to the methods above. For the other methods (Penman, Penman Simplificado, Hargreaves, Thornthwaite e Camargo), the best regression model was (see dissertation) = a + b X. Among the methods based on air temperature, to estimate ETo, the Hargreaves & Samani method presented average monthly values similar to those of the EToCA, with average of only 2% subestimation The Linacre method subestimated EToCA by 8%; the Thornthwai te and Camargo methods subestimated EToCA during the winter and superestimated during the summer. The Blaney-Criddle and Makkink methods subestimated EToCA by 16% and 20%, respectively. The solar radiation method superestimated EToCA by 13%. The simplified Penman and Hargreaves methods superestimated EToCA the during summer but subestimated it during the winter, while the Penman method subestimated during the winte
Comparative study of different methods for the estimation of the reference evapotranspiration for the pantanal sub-region of Nhecolandia-MS.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer um estudo comparativo de alguns métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) para a sub-região do Pantanal da Nhecolândia, município de Corumbá-MS (Latitude 18°59" S, Longitude 56°39" W, Altitude de 98m). Tomou-se como padrão o método do tanque Classe "A" (EToCA), por ser a única medida direta da evaporação potencial da região. A análise de regressão entre EToCA e os métodos de Linacre, Radiação Solar, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves & Samani e Makkink mostrou que o coeficiente linear (a) da regressão não foi significativamente diferente de zero sendo, portanto, utilizado o modelo de regressão (ver dissertação) = b X, onde (ver dissertação) representa a EToCA, e X é a ETo segundo os métodos acima citados. Para os demais métodos (Penman, Penman Simplificado, Hargreaves, Thornthwaite e Camargo), o modelo mais adequado foi (ver dissertação) = a + b X. Dentre os métodos que se baseiam na temperatura do ar, para estimar a ETo, o método de Hargreaves e Samani foi o que apresentou resultados médios mensais mais próximos dos obtidos pelo EToCA, subestimando-a em média 2%. O método de Linacre subestimou a EToCA em 8%; os métodos de Thornthwaite e Camargo subestimaram a EToCA no inverno e superestimaram no verão. Os métodos de Blaney-Criddle e Makkink subestimaram a EToCA em torno de 16% e 20%, respectivamente. O método da Radiação Solar superestimou a EToCA em 13%. Os métodos de Penman Simplificado e Hargreaves superestimaram a EToCA no período de verão e subestimaram no inverno, enquanto o método de Penman subestimou no invernoA comparative study was performed to evaluate several methods for the estimation of the reference evapotranspiration for the Pantanal subregion of Nhecolândia, Corumbá county (MS) (Latitude 18°59" S, Longitude 56°39" W, Altitude 98m). The Class "A" tank method (EToCA) was taken as the standard for evaluation of the different methods, because it was the only direct potential evaporation measurements available in the region. Regression analysis between EToCA and the Linacre, Solar Radiation, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves & Samani and Makkink methods showed that the linear coeficient (a) of the regression was not significantly different from zero; therefore, the model (see dissertation) = b X was assumed, where (see dissertation) was EToCA and X was the ETo according to the methods above. For the other methods (Penman, Penman Simplificado, Hargreaves, Thornthwaite e Camargo), the best regression model was (see dissertation) = a + b X. Among the methods based on air temperature, to estimate ETo, the Hargreaves & Samani method presented average monthly values similar to those of the EToCA, with average of only 2% subestimation The Linacre method subestimated EToCA by 8%; the Thornthwai te and Camargo methods subestimated EToCA during the winter and superestimated during the summer. The Blaney-Criddle and Makkink methods subestimated EToCA by 16% and 20%, respectively. The solar radiation method superestimated EToCA by 13%. The simplified Penman and Hargreaves methods superestimated EToCA the during summer but subestimated it during the winter, while the Penman method subestimated during the winte
Distribuição Espaço-Temporal dos Focos de Incêndio no Pantanal Brasileiro
oai:ojs.icmbio.gov.br:article/1191
The end of an entire biome? World's largest wetland, the Pantanal, is menaced by the Hidrovia project which is uncertain to sustainably support large-scale navigation
The resurgent navigation project known as the Hidrovia Paraguay-Paraná threatens the integrity of the Pantanal, the world's largest wetland, which is considered a biome of its own. Intensive barge navigation is intended to transport crops (soybean, sugar, corn) and cement, iron and manganese from areas of production in Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia to the oceanic ports of the Plata River. This short communication assembles the information available on the potential impacts of the planned deepening of the natural channel of the Paraguay River in its ~700 km-long upper section. These river channel alterations would disconnect the river from its floodplain, shorten the inundation period, and shrink the wetland area, resulting in severe degradation of the globally outstanding biological and cultural diversity of the Pantanal. The river sediments are mostly sandy and would require perpetual dredging. The reaches needing the most intensive dredging are those of the highest ecological value, protected as a National Park, UNESCO World Heritage and Biosphere Reserves, and various Indigenous reserves and Ramsar sites. Climate change is projected to increase the occurrence of low water periods. Between 2019 and 2021, navigation was impossible even in the already-deepened reaches of the Paraguay River between Corumbá and Asuncion during long periods of the year. Thus, despite considerable financial and technical efforts, the success of the navigation project is doubtful, whereas enormous environmental, cultural, and social impacts can be anticipated. For these reasons, the Brazilian government had already turned down the project in 2000. We suggest alternative, less impactful modes of transport of commodities, e.g., via railway
Sustainability Agenda for the Pantanal Wetland: Perspectives on a Collaborative Interface for Science, Policy, and Decision-Making
International audienceBuilding bridges between environmental and political agendas is essential nowadays in face of the increasing human pressure on natural environments, including wetlands. Wetlands provide critical ecosystem services for humanity and can generate a considerable direct or indirect income to the local communities. To meet many of the sustainable development goals, we need to move our trajectory from the current environmental destructive development to a wiser wetland use. The current article contain a proposed agenda for the Pantanal aiming the improvement of public policy for conservation in the Pantanal, one of the largest, most diverse, and continuous inland wetland in the world. We suggest and discuss a list of 11 essential interfaces between science, policy, and development in region linked to the proposed agenda. We believe that a functional science network can booster the collaborative capability to generate creative ideas and solutions to address the big challenges faced by the Pantanal wetland