A Comparative Study of Sports Competition Anxiety within Jimma University Male Players of different Sports

The purpose of the study was to analyze and compare the Sports Competition Anxiety between Jimma university players. For the purpose of this study 50 players (Football, Basketball, Table Tennis, Athletics and Gymnastics) were selected from Jimma University, Ethiopia as the subject. All these players were going to represent Jimma University in 9th Ethiopian Governmental Higher Institutions Sports Festival in 2016. For this study sports competition anxiety test (SCAT, Martens et al., 1990) questionnaire was used to measure sports competition anxiety. Descriptive Statistic (Mean, Standard Deviation), Independent t-test was applied to analyze and compare the degree of Sports Competitive Anxiety between Jimma university male players. The level of Significance was set at 0.05. Results indicated that there are significant differences found within Jimma University male players (Football, Basketball, Table Tennis, Athletics and Gymnastics) in their Sports Competition Anxiety. Keywords: Competition, Anxiety, Football, Basketball, Table Tennis, Athletics and Gymnastic

Detecting sentiment orientation using supervised learning

Opinion mining is one of the important tasks of natural language processing. Sentiment analysis classify the data into summarization and opinions about the product. The proposed system is based on phrase-level to examine customer reviews. Proposed system extract the features from online reviews and before extracting review it apply pre processing step to each individual sentence of review. This system extract the implicit and explicit features of review. It uses the Apriori algorithm for extracting frequent features. Supervised Naive Bayes determine orientation of extracted aspect Orientation of product review is identified by natural language processing

The Acute Effects of Pre-Event Lower Limb Massage on Some Selected Physical Fitness Components of Junior Male Soccer Trainees of Ethiopian Youth Sport Academy

Objectives: To examine the acute effects of pre-event warm-up modalities on some selected physical fitness components of junior male soccer trainees of the Ethiopian youth sport academy. Design: Experimental study design was employed.Methods: Thirty three (33) junior soccer trainees were included as a subject using purposive and availability sampling technique. Quantitative method of data analysis both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics was used. The descriptive statistics was presented as a form of central tendency which is mean and variability (standard deviation). The inferential statistics was parametric test which are dependent t-test (Paired sample t-tests) to show the significant difference of explosive power, speed, agility and flexibility performance following the three conditions. Result: The result can show that the mean value of the trainees explosive power test after traditional, pre-event massage and combined warm-up protocols were 2.27m, 2.23m and 2.23m respectively. The mean value of the trainees speed test after traditional, pre-event massage and combined warm-up protocols were 4.15s, 4.40s and 4.13s respectively. The mean value of the trainees agility test after traditional, pre-event massage and combined warm-up protocols were 15.83s, 16.35s and 15.74s respectively. The mean value of the trainees sit and reach test after traditional, pre-event massage and combined warm-up protocols were 12.85cm, 14.58cm and 15.18 respectively.Conclusion: significant difference were observed between pre-test (Traditional Warm up) and the other warm up modalities (pre-event lower limb massage and the combination of pre-event lower limb massage with traditional warm-up) on standing broad jump test, 30m speed test, Illinois agility test and sit & reach test at P<0.05. However, insignificant results have been found between pre-test (Traditional warm up) and the combination of pre-event lower limb massage with traditional warm-up on 30m speed test. Therefore, coaches and athletes to use the combined warm up protocol which pre-event lower limb massage first then traditional warm-up Keywords: Pre-Event, Massage, warm-up, performance, traditional warm u

Experimental analysis of the global energy balance in a DI diesel engine

The increasingly stringent internal combustion engines (ICE) emissions regulations, has led to the extended use of after-treatment systems, giving progressively more importance to the engine efficiency optimization. In this context, the experimental methodologies to perform and analyse the energy balance show as a key issue to evaluate the potential of different engine strategies aimed at the consumption optimization and the improvement paths identification. This works deals with the complete description of an experimental energy balance tool, including the comprehensive description of the specific designed experimental installation used to the determination of each energy term involved in the energy balance. After the tool description, a study of the energy balance in the engine map of a DI Diesel engine was carried out, with the objective of determining the engine speed and load influence on each energy term. A subsequent parametric study varying the coolant temperature, the intake air temperature and the start of the injection (SOI) and their influence in the engine efficiency has been performed. The results shows that the variation of the coolant temperature has an almost negligible effect in terms of efficiency whilst cooling the air yields in an improvement about 1% and advancing the SOI about 1.5%.The support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (TRA2013-41348-R) is greatly acknowledged.Payri González, F.; Olmeda González, PC.; Martín Díaz, J.; Carreño, R. (2015). Experimental analysis of the global energy balance in a DI diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering. 89:545-557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.06.005S5455578

An adapted heat transfer model for engines with tumble motion

In the last years, a growing interest about increasing the engine efficiency has led to the development of new engine technologies. The accurate determination of the heat transfer across the combustion chamber walls is highly relevant to perform a valid thermal balance while evaluating the potential of new engine concepts. Several works dealing with heat transfer correlations that consider the swirl motion are found in the literature; however, there is a lack of works dealing with heat transfer correlations which take into account the effect of the tumble movement. In this work, a new heat transfer model accounting for the tumble motion is presented. A two stroke HSDI Diesel engine with high tumble and no swirl is used to perform the theoretical study, the model development and its final calibration. Initially, a theoretical analysis of the gas movement phenomena is carried out based on CFD results and then, a model is developed and calibrated based on a skip-fire testing technique. Finally, a sensitivity study focused on evaluating the model robustness is performed. The results confirm an average RMSE reduction of 70% with respect to the Woschni model, being this consistent improvement qualitatively evidenced in the instantaneous heat transfer evolutionThe support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (TRA2013-41348-R) is greatly acknowledged.Olmeda González, PC.; Martín Díaz, J.; Novella Rosa, R.; Carreño, R. (2015). An adapted heat transfer model for engines with tumble motion. Applied Energy. 158:190-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.08.051S19020215

Impact of biodiesel on fuel system materials durability

48-57Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel, comprising of alkyl monoesters of fatty acids obtained from contemporary feedstock such as vegetable oils, animal fats and waste cooking oils, has been the focus of a considerable amount of recent research. This interest is based on a number of benefits including the fact that it is renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and has the potential to reduce certain exhaust emission. It is essential, while experimenting with abiodiesel, to strike a balance between the several conflicting parameters that might exist. This may include not only the performance and emission characteristics of the engine, but also the gross life of the engine system. In an automotive fuel system, mainly ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys and elastomers come in contact with the fuel. The degradation behaviour, occurring in relation to fossil fuels, has been sufficiently studied and documented. However, the impact of biodiesel on the degradation behaviour of fuel system materials has been rarely investigated. This paper aims to present a systematic retrospect of a total of 52 papers from the year 1995 to 2012 related to the compatibility of automotive materials with biodiesel, including some results obtained in-house

ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER BY CHANGING ANGLE OF THE RIB IN TRIANGULAR DUCT USING EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

Rough surfaces are one of the most effective techniques to increase heat transfer. In this study, we have created rough surfaces in plain duct by (e/Dh = 0.043) with changing angle of rib 450 and 600. So we have developed an experimental setup with dimensions of the triangular duct base and height is 200mm and 350mm respectively. We had taken different readings at a constant flow rate and changing the temperature of the surface plate. From experimentation, we have found Reynolds number, Nusselt number and friction factor for three plates (plain, 450 and 600) and found 450 angle rib to have better results. Artificial roughness creates the turbulence to the flow which leads to increase the heat transfer between the air and the heated wall. Roughness is created in such a way that it breaks the laminar sub layer region i.e. near the wall. There is various method to provide artificial roughness on the absorber plate such as casting, forming, machining, blasting, welding ribs and/or fixing thin circular wires, etc. The easiest and cheapest way of providing artificial roughness on the underside of the absorber plate is sticking of ribs The scope for this study would focus all necessary activities for benchmarking the existing application with the current performance level and performance standards to be set for arriving at the objectives of the dissertation work

A Material Compatibility Study of Automotive Elastomers with high FFA based Biodiesel

AbstractApplication of renewable fuels and changes in fuel composition often create many trouble in gaskets, seals, elastomers and O-rings in the engine fuel system. In a CI engine fuel system, fuel comes in touch with different elastomeric components. The compatibility of automotive fuel system components like seals, gaskets and hose materials using conventional fossil based diesel has long been recognized and documented but there is concern over the use of elastomeric materials with biodiesel. Based on these concerns, a study of compatibility of Natural rubber, Nylon and EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) with biodiesel and diesel was carried out. High FFA oil, which is a byproduct of edible and non-edible oil refineries, is available at low price and in considerable quantities at vegetable oil refinery sites. In the current study, high FFA oil is synthesized into biodiesel by two step process i.e. esterification followed by transesterification. The methyl ester content of biodiesel is determined by GCMS. The fuel properties of the produced biodiesel were found to be comparable with that of biodiesel specifications.Static immersion test in biodiesel and diesel has been carried out as per SAE J1748 standards. This paper aims to characterize the compatibility of Natural rubber, Nylon and EPDM, commonly encountered in the automotive fuel system in diesel engines. Static immersion test in B100 and diesel fuel was carried out at 55±2°C (SAE J1748 para 5.2) for 500hours. Fuels were replaced weekly as suggested in SAE standard. Before the immersion test, mass measurements and visual inspection were recorded. Before and after immersion, comparative behavior was investigated by weight loss, volume change, hardness; tensile strength measurements. Changes in surface morphology were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy. It was found that natural rubber showed less detrimental effects while significant detrimental effect on EPDM and Nylon was observed