Effect of tarcolimus on skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis

No abstract available

The scope of the crustacean immune system for disease control

The culture or wild capture of marine and freshwater shellfish, including crustaceans, is without doubt a key source of protein for a burgeoning world population. Historically the expansion of aquaculture has, however, been accompanied by the increased incidence of economically significant diseases, most notably of viral and bacterial origin. Since the late 1970s great progress has been made in our understanding of the generalized protostome innate immune system. Distinct pathways, pathogen receptor proteins and effector molecules have since been identified that are not ancestral or homologous to those of the deuterostomes, including vertebrates. Within the past decade progress has accelerated with the rapid characterisation of new classes of recognition proteins, immune effectors and regulatory pathways. This paper provides a broad overview of our current understanding of invertebrate immunology, taking the crustacean decapod immune system as its focus. Recent developments in the field are described briefly and their implications and potential considered. These advances offer fundamental new insights in our efforts to understand disease in cultured populations and also to develop knowledge of environmental effects on host/pathogen interactions within a fishery context. Of course, challenges do remain, including the lack of an immortal cell line and the limited publically-available genomic resources. These are considered in this review as priorities for future research effort. With the continued application of more insightful technologies, coupled with associated investment, it is expected that the speed at which some of these issues are resolved will accelerate

การพัฒนารูปแบบสินค้าค้างสต็อก ประเภทเสื้อผ้าสตรีเพื่อจาหน่ายเป็นผลิตภัณฑ์ใหม่

การค้นคว้าอิสระ (คศ.ม.) -- มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร, 2556The aims of this study are (1) the adapting of women’s wear in holding inventory to a new product, (2) the study of the satisfactions of women who are 25-35 years old in Bangkok about the adapted women’s wear in holding inventory. The tools for study are the questionnaires and the prototypes to accidental survey 302 women who are 25-35 years old in Bangkok and being the members from buying products of Boutique Newcity Public Co., Ltd. The fist of methods, sketching of the adapted holding inventories (shirts, skirts and pants) with Ruffles, Godets and Transfer Printing to selection by the 5 specialists. Then adapting the top 5 selected styles. Finally, surveying and analysis of the samples with percentage, mean and standard deviation. The result of the study shows that most women from the sampling are single and have education in Bachelor Degree. Their occupations are in private sector with salary range between 10,000 –20,000 bath. Their favourite shopping place of women’s wear is department stores and buying of top 3 are pants, dress and blouse. The first reason for them to buy the products is the interesting design. The overview of adapted products shows skirts are the first favourite with mean value of 3.13. Shirts are the second favourite with mean value of 3.09 and pants are the last favourite with mean value of 3.07. The conclusion of the developed women’s wear are favoured medium level.Rajamagala University of Technology Phra Nakho

Interaction of Vibrio spp. with the Inner Surface of the Digestive Tract of Penaeus monodon

Several species of Vibrio are the causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans. In aquaculture, Vibrio harveyi (Vh) and V. parahaemolyticus (Vp) have long been considered as shrimp pathogens in freshwater, brackish and marine environments. Here we show by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that Penaeus monodon orally inoculated with each of these two pathogens via an Artemia diet had numerous bacteria attached randomly across the stomach surface, in single and in large biofilm-like clusters 6 h post-infection. A subsequent marked proliferation in the number of V. harveyi within the biofilm-like formations resulted in the development of infections in the stomach, the upper and middle midgut, but neither in the posterior midgut nor the hindgut. SEM also revealed the induced production of peritrichous pili-like structures by the Vp attaching to the stomach lining, whilst only a single polar fibre was seen forming an apparent physical bridge between Vh and the host's epithelium. In contrast to these observations, no such adherences or linkages were seen when trials were conducted with non-pathogenic Vibrio spp. or with Micrococcus luteus, with no obvious resultant changes to the host's gut surface. In naive shrimp, the hindgut was found to be a favorable site for bacteria notably curved, short-rod shaped bacteria which probably belong to Vibrio spp. Data from the current study suggests that pathogens of P. monodon must be able to colonize the digestive tract, particularly the stomach, where chitin is present, and then they use an array of virulent factors and enzymes to infect their host resulting in disease. Oral infection is a better way of mimicking natural routes of infection; investigating the host-bacteria interactions occurring in the digestive tract may lead to new strategies for the prevention or control of bacterial infections in penaeids

Interaction of Vibrio spp. with the Inner Surface of the Digestive Tract of Penaeus monodon

Several species of Vibrio are the causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans. In aquaculture, Vibrio harveyi (Vh) and V. parahaemolyticus (Vp) have long been considered as shrimp pathogens in freshwater, brackish and marine environments. Here we show by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that Penaeus monodon orally inoculated with each of these two pathogens via an Artemia diet had numerous bacteria attached randomly across the stomach surface, in single and in large biofilm-like clusters 6 h post-infection. A subsequent marked proliferation in the number of V. harveyi within the biofilm-like formations resulted in the development of infections in the stomach, the upper and middle midgut, but neither in the posterior midgut nor the hindgut. SEM also revealed the induced production of peritrichous pili-like structures by the Vp attaching to the stomach lining, whilst only a single polar fibre was seen forming an apparent physical bridge between Vh and the host's epithelium. In contrast to these observations, no such adherences or linkages were seen when trials were conducted with non-pathogenic Vibrio spp. or with Micrococcus luteus, with no obvious resultant changes to the host's gut surface. In naive shrimp, the hindgut was found to be a favorable site for bacteria notably curved, short-rod shaped bacteria which probably belong to Vibrio spp. Data from the current study suggests that pathogens of P. monodon must be able to colonize the digestive tract, particularly the stomach, where chitin is present, and then they use an array of virulent factors and enzymes to infect their host resulting in disease. Oral infection is a better way of mimicking natural routes of infection; investigating the host-bacteria interactions occurring in the digestive tract may lead to new strategies for the prevention or control of bacterial infections in penaeids

Effects of dietary fermented soybean meal with Thua nao starter on the growth performance, body composition, and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the improvement of the nutritional value of soybean meal by using Thua nao starter as a dietary supplement for tilapia culture. The study covered five different experimental diets, each containing fermented soybean meal (FSBM): FSBM0 (0 g/kg), FSBM75 (75 g/kg), FSBM150 (150 g/kg), FSBM225 (225 g/kg), and FSBM300 (300 g/kg) for 10 weeks. The results of the fermentation process revealed that the FSBM exhibited an abundance of Bacillus and Kosakonia, along with notable enzyme activities such as protease, filter paper cellulase, and carboxymethyl cellulase. Furthermore, the protein content of the FSBM increased from 42% to 44%. When the tilapia feed was supplemented with the FSBM, it was observed that supplementation with amounts below FSBM225 had no significant impact on fish growth. Conversely, the diet of FSBM300 had a detrimental effect on growth. Fish receiving FSBM diets demonstrated elevated white blood cells, particularly in those fed FSBM150, FSBM225, and FSBM300, with an increase in neutrophils in the FSBM225 and FSBM300. The whole-body composition revealed no significant changes in crude protein and ash, but there was reduction in crude lipid content. Notably, the supplementation of FSBM had a positive impact on the disease resistance of tilapia to Aeromonas hydrophila, with the FSBM225 group showing the lowest fish mortality rate at 23.8%. These findings indicate that the inclusion of FSBM at a concentration of 225 g/kg in the fish diet does not negatively affect growth and improves survival rates when exposed to A. hydrophila. This indicates that FSBM can be considered a valuable dietary supplement to resist bacterial infection for tilapia farming

MicroRNA-378a-3p is overexpressed in psoriasis and modulates cell cycle arrest in keratinocytes via targeting BMP2 gene

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease driven by dysregulations at the cellular, genomic and genetic levels. MicroRNAs are key mediators of gene expression regulation. However, how microRNAs control the pathogenesis of psoriasis is still unclear. Here, we reported a significant up-regulation of miR-378a-3p (miR-378a) in skin biopsies from active psoriatic lesions while it was down-regulated after treatment with methotrexate or narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. Using the keratinocyte in vitro model, we showed that miR-378a disturbed the cell cycle progr

Transcriptomic Profiling of Peripheral Edge of Lesions to Elucidate the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis Vulgaris

Elucidating transcriptome in the peripheral edge of the lesional (PE) skin could provide a better understanding of the molecules or signalings that intensify inflammation in the PE skin. Full-thickness biopsies of PE skin and uninvolved (UN) skin were obtained from psoriasis patients for RNA-seq. Several potential differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the PE skin compared to those in the UN skin were identified. These DEGs enhanced functions such as angiogenesis, growth of epithelial tissue, chemotaxis and homing of cells, growth of connective tissues, and degranulation of myeloid cells beneath the PE skin. Moreover, the canonical pathways of IL-17A, IL-6, and IL-22 signaling were enriched by the DEGs. Finally, we proposed that inflammation in the PE skin might be driven by the IL-36/TLR9 axis or IL-6/Th17 axis and potentiated by IL-36α, IL-36γ, IL-17C, IL-8, S100A7, S100A8, S100A9, S100A15, SERPINB4, and hBD-2. Along with IL-36α, IL-17C, and IκBζ, ROCK2 could be an equally important factor in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, which may involve self-sustaining circuits between innate and adaptive immune responses via regulation of IL-36α and IL-36γ expression. Our finding provides new insight into signaling pathways in PE skin, which could lead to the discovery of new psoriasis targets