Sequestration of noble gases in giant planet interiors

The Galileo probe showed that Jupiter's atmosphere is severely depleted in neon compared to protosolar values. We show, via ab initio simulations of the partitioning of neon between hydrogen and helium phases, that the observed depletion can be explained by the sequestration of neon into helium-rich droplets within the postulated hydrogen-helium immiscibility layer of the planet's interior. We also demonstrate that this mechanism will not affect argon, explaining the observed lack of depletion of this gas. This provides strong indirect evidence for hydrogen-helium immiscibility in Jupiter

Rent, Out, and After – Examining the Process of Eviction in Urban America

In his ethnography, Evicted: Poverty and profit in the American city, sociologist Matthew Desmond examines the process of eviction for a group of people who he came to know in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Desmond painstakingly chronicles what happens when individuals and families cannot “make rent,” and are subsequently evicted from their homes. The stories presented in this book call on readers to deeply consider the interconnections between the rich and poor in urban areas in the U.S.A, and how polices might be revised with a view to ensuring affordable housing for all. An example of realist ethnography, Desmond also challenges qualitative researchers to consider the place of the “I” in contemporary qualitative studies

The Quest for Balance in Bail: The New South Wales Experience

The right to bail is as old as the law of England itself and it is, as Lord Devlin has remarked, indeed curious that fundamental questions concerning it have never been settled. The system so far has worked satisfactorily without providing any occasion for their resolution

Learning How to Write Successfully from Academic Writers

There are numerous books on writing from academic writers, as well as fiction and non-fiction writers. For academic writers who may have had minimal training in writing, these sorts of books provide useful ideas for how to develop the habits of mind to write productively, as well as the skills in crafting their writing for their audiences. Helen Sword\u27s book, Air & Light & Time & Space: How Successful Academics Write is a trade book devoted to the task of informing readers about how successful academic writers work. Sword masterfully integrates findings from her large study of academic writing to support her thesis that to different degrees, successful academic writers share four sets of habits: those of behavioral, artisanal, social, and emotional habits. Beyond this, there are few commonalities to do with how successful academic writers are prepared and how they write. Sword\u27s book elucidates how any academic writer might organize his or her writing life to be successful

Preparing Researchers to Conduct Interdisciplinary, Multi-method Qualitative Research

In this paper I outline ideas for how qualitative research methods might be taught in ways that value difference, promote dialogue, and encourage graduates to engage actively in their disciplines to promote the benefits of qualitative inquiry, locally, nationally and globally. I argue for approaches to teach qualitative inquiry in ways that value (1) interdisciplinarity, in that teaching draws on multiple epistemologies and theoretical approaches to inquiry developed across disciplines; (2) diversity in methodological approaches, in that teaching explores multiple methods to respond to research questions that are continually subject to revision, innovation, and critical analysis; and (3) the knowledge and experiences that students bring to the classroom. The purpose of such an approach to teaching qualitative research is to facilitate spaces where students can grow into capable researchers who are multilingual in theory and methods and communicate across multi-faceted bodily and spatial difference. This is not easy work, and I present several issues we might consider in the teaching of qualitative inquiry. These include recognizing the emotional component in learning qualitative inquiry, experimenting with boundary crossing, moving from prescriptions to ambiguity, designing rigorous qualitative inquiry, dealing with change, and learning to speak to multiple audiences

Pollen elicits proboscis extension but does not reinforce PER learning in honeybees

The function of pollen as a reward for foraging bees is little understood, though there is evidence to suggest that it can reinforce associations with visual and olfactory floral cues. Foraging bees do not feed on pollen, thus one could argue that it cannot serve as an appetitive reinforcer in the same way as sucrose. However, ingestion is not a critical parameter for sucrose reinforcement, since olfactory proboscis extension (PER) learning can be conditioned through antennal stimulation only. During pollen collection, the antennae and mouthparts come into contact with pollen, thus it is possible that pollen reinforces associative learning through similar gustatory pathways as sucrose. Here pollen was presented as the unconditioned stimulus (US), either in its natural state or in a 30% pollen-water solution, and was found to elicit proboscis extension following antennal stimulation. Control groups were exposed to either sucrose or a clean sponge as the US, or an unpaired presentation of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and pollen US. Despite steady levels of responding to the US, bees did not learn to associate a neutral odour with the delivery of a pollen reward, thus whilst pollen has a proboscis extension releasing function, it does not reinforce olfactory PER learning

A New Framework for the Assessment and Calibration of Medium Range Ensemble Temperature Forecasts

We present a new framework for the assessment and calibration of medium range ensemble temperature forecasts. The method is based on maximising the likelihood of a simple parametric model for the temperature distribution, and leads to some new insights into the predictability of uncertainty.Comment: Submitted to AS