INDUCED PHENOLOXIDASE PROFILES IN SILKWORM Bombyx mori (L.) UNDER BIOTIC STRESS

Phenol oxidase (PO) is one of the stress enzyme protein in living organism. The conversion of Pro-PO into an activation form of PO required a stress protein. In the present study has emerged with the novel finding of induced phenoloxidase was identified under bacterial endotoxin viz., Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activity using silkworm Bombyx mori as an animal model. The PO enzyme plays an important role for insect survival during pathophysiological conditions. The enzyme activity was analyzed from ten different silkworm races with two phenolic substrates viz., L-Dopa and Dopamine by Native-PAGE. The bacterially induced PO was found in hemolymph and midgut of silkworm, PO3 were induced by LPS injection. In control PO1 & PO2 are non-bacterially induced protein having the molecular weight of 72 and 71. The results shown that there is no substrate specificity and similar functional activity was found in hemolymph and midgut under pathogenic condition. It was observed that bacterially inducible PO clearly differed from non-inducible PO (control). At final observation of induced isozymes of PO in the haemolymph and midgut system of tolerant silkworm races points out the existence of biochemical immunity against biotic stress of LPS. This is the first report to document the silkworm immunity under the LPS toxin in different silkworm races to identify the tolerant and susceptibility against a biotic stress

Monitoring and forecasting of intensive convective precipitation with the use of the mobile meteorological radar (MMR50)

This paper is focused on current possibilities of the measurement and predictions of intense convective precipitation through the mobile meteorological radar (MMR50). This meteorological radar equipment is part of the Information, Notification and Warning system of the Zlin Region in the Czech Republic, which consists of information and communication infrastructure for dealing with extraordinary events. The first chapter describes basic principles of radar precipitation measurement, e.g. radar estimate of rainfall intensity and radar products. The second chapter presents a methodology of measuring and predicting of intense convective precipitation using the mobile meteorological radar (MMR50), including other possibilities of precipitation forecast as NWP models, aerological, satellite, station measurements, statistics of historical situations, the risk of flash floods on the degree of soils saturation and the possibility of observation of dangerous accompanying phenomena. The last chapter deals with the verification of the principles of radar measurements and forecasts in a case study on 24th July 2015. Torrential rainfall in a combination with hail and strong wind gusts caused heavy flooding in the central part of Zlin region, which caused considerable material damage. Timely and quality information about the current and future formation and development of intense convective precipitation is essential for flood prevention measures. Acquired findings and conclusions can be used for crisis management in case of a possible occurrence of flash floods.Internal Grant Agency of Tomas Bata University [IGA/ FAI/2016/023

A Practitioner’s Toolkit for Insulin Motivation in Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence-Based Recommendations from an International Expert Panel

Aim To develop an evidence-based expert group opinion on the role of insulin motivation to overcome insulin distress during different stages of insulin therapy and to propose a practitioner’s toolkit for insulin motivation in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM). Background Insulin distress, an emotional response of the patient to the suggested use of insulin, acts as a major barrier to insulin therapy in the management of DM. Addressing patient-, physician- and drug-related factors is important to overcome insulin distress. Strengthening of communication between physicians and patients with diabetes and enhancing the patients' coping skills are prerequisites to create a sense of comfort with the use of insulin. Insulin motivation is key to achieving targeted goals in diabetes care. A group of endocrinologists came together at an international meeting held in India to develop tool kits that would aid a practitioner in implementing insulin motivation strategies at different stages of the journey through insulin therapy, including pre-initiation, initiation, titration and intensification. During the meeting, emphasis was placed on the challenges and limitations faced by both physicians and patients with diabetes during each stage of the journey through insulinization. Review Results After review of evidence and discussions, the expert group provided recommendations on strategies for improved insulin acceptance, empowering behavior change in patients with DM, approaches for motivating patients to initiate and maintain insulin therapy and best practices for insulin motivation at the pre-initiation, initiation, titration and intensification stages of insulin therapy. Conclusions In the management of DM, bringing in positive behavioral change by motivating the patient to improve treatment adherence helps overcome insulin distress and achieve treatment goals

Bio-molecular characterization of stress enzyme profile on esterase in selected silkworm races of Bombyx mori (L.) for biomarker selection

Silkworm Bombyx mori exhibits for eliminating pathogenic defenses by their secretory component of haemolymph and gut component. This study aimed to investigate the stress enzyme role of carboxyl esterase, plays a major function in toxic component detoxification by their lipid assembly. Hence, the study has planned to identify their carboxyl esterase role in haemolymph of six silkworm races using innovative tools. The six silkworm races are characterized based on their esterase profiles and their morphological origins. It was concluded that Nistari, Kollegal Jawan and Hosa Mysore are considered as tolerant races and remaining races are susceptible by eliminating the toxic component from their body. Therefore, the present study could be an index for identifying the esterase role and used as a biomarker for the screening of a wide range of silkworm races for identifying genetic hardiness

A Comparison of Outcomes following Plate versus Pin Fixation of Metacarpal Shaft and Neck Fractures

Background:. The aim of this study is to compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation versus closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of metacarpal fractures in relation to anatomic and surgical variables. Methods:. Electronic medical records at two institutions were reviewed for patients who underwent surgical intervention for metacarpal fractures. Data were collected from those who underwent reduction and internal fixation with either plates or Kirschner wires (K-wires). Inclusion criteria included minimum postoperative follow-up of 60 days and age 18 years or older. Exclusion criteria included insufficient radiographic data, previously attempted closed reduction with immobilization, pathologic fracture mechanism, history of previous trauma or surgery to the affected bone, and fixation technique other than plate or K-wire. Results:. We reviewed data for patients treated over a 22-year time period. Ultimately, 81 metacarpal shaft and neck fractures in 60 patients met inclusion criteria. Among all metacarpal fractures, complications were present in 39 (48.1%) cases. There were no significant associations between complication prevalence and hardware type. Revision surgery was required in 11 (13.6%) patients; there were no significant associations between revision procedures and hardware type. Postoperatively, all patients with imaging data had radiograph follow-up to assess union status. There was no significant association between time to union and hardware type. Conclusions:. Outcomes showed no significant difference between plate and pin fixation for metacarpal shaft and neck fractures. These findings suggest that surgeons may have flexibility to decide on the type of operative intervention while considering patient-specific factors, such as the need for early mobilization

Genome-wide linkage and association analyses implicate FASN in predisposition to uterine leiomyomata

Full-text article is free to read on the publisher's website Uterine leiomyomata (UL), the most prevalent pelvic tumors in women of reproductive age, pose a major public health problem given their high frequency, associated morbidities, and most common indication for hysterectomies. A genetic component to UL predisposition is supported by analyses of ethnic predisposition, twin studies, and familial aggregation. A genome-wide SNP linkage panel was genotyped and analyzed in 261 white UL-affected sister-pair families from the Finding Genes for Fibroids study. Two significant linkage regions were detected in 10p11 (LOD = 4.15) and 3p21 (LOD = 3.73), and five additional linkage regions were identified with LOD scores > 2.00 in 2q37, 5p13, 11p15, 12q14, and 17q25. Genome-wide association studies were performed in two independent cohorts of white women, and a meta-analysis was conducted. One SNP (rs4247357) was identified with a p value (p = 3.05 x 10(-8)) that reached genome-wide significance (odds ratio = 1.299). The candidate SNP is under a linkage peak and in a block of linkage disequilibrium in 17q25.3, which spans fatty acid synthase (FASN), coiled-coil-domain-containing 57 (CCDC57), and solute-carrier family 16, member 3 (SLC16A3). By tissue microarray immunohistochemistry, we found elevated (3-fold) FAS levels in UL-affected tissue compared to matched myometrial tissue. FAS transcripts and/or protein levels are upregulated in various neoplasms and implicated in tumor cell survival. FASN represents the initial UL risk allele identified in white women by a genome-wide, unbiased approach and opens a path to management and potential therapeutic intervention

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Not AvailablePotassium (K) is one of the essential nutrients required by crops in large quantities; however, its use in agriculture by farmers is less than required in developing countries. This neglect has led to excess mining of K in soils by crop plants and has resulted in a negative balance of K in soils. This loss necessitates the need of more use of potassium fertilizers in agriculture. Rocks and minerals offer a potential fertilizer to utilize in agriculture as source of K. The crop trials revealed that feldspar, mica, glauconite, nepheline and shoenite are good sources of K for crops, especially in highly weathered acid soils. However, some researchers have reported no agronomic benefit of feldspar or granite rock application to crops. Overall the size modification, acidulation, microbial inoculants and preparation of K-enriched compost are the effective techniques to utilize K-bearing rocks and minerals. Very limited information is available on these aspects. Thus, in this review, an attempt has been to consolidate up-to-date information of indigenous rocks and minerals as possibilities for alternate sources of K for crop plants. Moreover, this area of research needs attention to utilize indigenous K sources, which can aid to limit the import and cost, of the establishment of potash fertilizer-based industries in developing countries.Not Availabl

Additional file 4: Figure S3. of Selective mode of action of plumbagin through BRCA1 deficient breast cancer stem cells

Cytotoxic effect (by MTT assay) of PB (24 h treatment) in HCC1937 (A) and HCC1937/wt BRCA1 (B) after the siRNA mediated blocking of BRCA1. HCC1937 and HCC1937/wt BRCA1 cells were treated for 48 h with full length 2.4pM siRNA for BRCA1 (Eurogentec, Liège, Belgium) (siRNA Sense (+dTdT), 19 bases in length, BRCA1 position 1857–1879, GGUCAAGUGAUGAAUAUUA) as per manufacturer’s instructions followed by treatment with PB for 24 h. (TIF 9107 kb