PERAN INDUSTRI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA: ANALISIS INPUT-OUTPUT

ABSTRACT Policy to open investment in alcoholic beverage invite pros and cons in the public. The proponents of the policy argue the importance of alcoholic investment from economic point of views. This article aims at analyzing the role of alcoholic beverage industry in Indonesian economy. The data was Input-Output Table of 2016 which was aggregated into 18 industries. Analyzes carried out were output multiplier, employment multiplier, and income multiplier as well as forward and backward linkages. The results of analyzes show that output multiplier is low, employment multiplier is high, and income multiplier is high. In addition, forward and backward linkages are both below one. From these results, it can be concluded that alcoholic beverage industry is not a leading sector in Indonesia and its role is relatively limited. Government should be cautious in opening up investment for the industry for investment, taking into account that the industry’s pulling factor to input providing industries as well as pushing factor to output using industries are relatively low. In addition, while employment multiplier is high, at present employment in alcoholic beverage is relatively limited. Keywords: Alcoholic beverage, Input output table, Output multiplier, Employment multiplier, Industrial linkage ABSTRAK Kebijakan untuk membuka investasi minuman beralkohol mengundang pro dan kontra di masyarakat. Pendukung kebijakan tersebut menyampaikan pentingnya investasi di sektor tersebut dilihat dari kepentingan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran industri minuman beralkohol dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah Tabel Input-Output tahun 2016 yang diagregasi menjadi 18 industri. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah efek pengganda output, tenaga kerja dan pendapatan serta keterkaitan ke depan dan ke belakang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa angka pengganda output rendah, angka pengganda tenaga kerja tinggi dan angka pengganda pendapatan tinggi. Selain itu, efek keterkaitan ke depan dan keterkaitan ke belakang kurang dari satu. Dengan hasil-hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa industri minuman mengandung alkohol bukan merupakan sektor unggulan di Indonesia dan perannya relatif terbatas. Pemerintah perlu berhati-hati dalam membuka investasi atas industri tersebut, dengan pertimbangan bahwa daya tarik terhadap industri penyedia input dan daya dorong terhadap industri pengguna output relatif rendah. Selain itu, meskipun angka pengganda tenaga kerja tinggi, selama ini penyerapan tenaga kerja relatif rendah. Kata Kunci: Minuman beralkohol, Tabel input-output, Pengganda output, Pengganda tenaga kerja, Efek keterkaitan

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN SAK EMKM DUA USAHA KECIL DI KOTA JAMBI DAN KOTA BANDA ACEH

Artikel ini melaporkan mengenai kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dalam bentuk edukasi mengenai standar akuntansi keuangan bagi usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah. Topik tersebut penting karena usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah berperan dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Selain itu, terdapat banyak masalah dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan bagi jenis usaha tersebut sehingga pengetahuan pemilik atau pengelola perlu ditingkatkan. Mengambil lokasi pada dua usaha mikro masing-masing di Kota Jambi dan Kota Banda Aceh, pengabdian masyarakat ini mengidentifikasi masalah penyusunan laporan keuangan bagi usaha mikro tersebut serta memberikan edukasi mengenai standar akuntansi yang berkaitan melalui pembuatan video dan poster sebagai media yang mengefisienkan penyampaian informasi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat diterima dengan positif oleh para pengelola usaha kecil tersebut. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini memperkuat hasil penelitian maupun pengabdian masyarakat sebelumnya yang menekankan perlunya edukasi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan usaha mikro menyelenggarakan penyusunan laporan keuangan yang sesuai dengan standar

PENGENALAN APBN, NILAI KEMENTERIAN KEUANGAN DAN PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI: KEMENKEU MENGAJAR 3 DI SD NEGERI TOMANG 11 PAGI, JAKARTA BARAT

ABSTRAKKementerian Keuangan sebagai lembaga pemerintah perlu memperkenalkan organisasi kepada masyarakat, termasuk kepada siswa sekolah dasar. Salah satu kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam rangka hari ulang tahun Kementerian Keuangan tahun 2018 adalah relawan mengajar dari pejabat dan pelaksana Kementerian Keuangan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang APBN, nilai-nilai Kementerian Keuangan serta meningkatkan motivasi siswa, yang dalam artikel ini berfokus pada SD Negeri Tomang 11 Pagi, Jakarta Barat. Metode yang pelaksanaan pada pengabdian masyarakat tersebut adalah metode tatap muka dengan menggunakan alat peraga, cerita dan permainan. Alat peraga untuk menjelaskan APBN dengan membandingkan anggaran rumah tangga dengan anggaran negara, untuk menjelaskan nilai-nilai Kementerian Keuangan digunakan tebak gambar dan kata serta cerita, sedangkan penggalian cita-cita dan motivasi dilakukan dengan permainan dan pohon cita-cita. Berdasarkan hasil observasi terhadap siswa dan evaluasi terhadap guru dan relawan disimpulkan bahwa rangkaian sesi inspirasi dalam kegiatan ini meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa terhadap penerimaan dan belanja negara, nilai-nilai Kementerian Keuangan serta motivasi siswa untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang lebih tinggi dalam rangka mencapai cita-cita mereka. ABSTRACT Ministry of Finance as a government unit needs to inform its organizations to the general public, including elementary school students. One of the activities during the Ministry of Finance’s anniversary of 2018 was voluntary teachings from officials and staff of the Ministry of Finance. The activity aimed at increasing students’ awareness toward state budget, Ministry of Finance values, and motivating students, in this article epscially focuses on SD Negeri Tomang 11 Pagi, Jakarta Barat. Methods used in this community engagement were face to face teaching using teaching aids, stories, and games. Teaching aids to explain state budget was a comparison between a household budget and state budget, to describe the Ministry of Finance values were the picture and word puzzles and stories, while to explore future aspirations was using games and an aspiration tree. Based on observation on students and evaluation with teachers and volunteers it was concluded that inspiration sessions improved students’ consciousness on the state budget, Ministry of Finance values, and motivated students to continue their education to the higher level for achieving their dreams. Â

AIR TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY DATA LOGGERS EQUIPPED WITH LABVIEW AND ARDUINO-BASED WARNING SYSTEMS

In the industrial world the process of measuring air temperature and humidity is a very important measurement process in the production process. But in practice in the field, the process of measuring air temperature &humidity is mostly done manually, which is done by recording which has the disadvantage of inaccurate measurement data. Recording temperature measurements that are done manually causes the product results to be not good, both in terms of quantity and quality. Related to these problems, the author took the initiative to create an alternative data logger device that is simpler, easier to integrate and relatively more affordable, without reducing the value of measurement accuracy. This data logger tool functions to monitor air temperature and humidity in real time, whose monitoring results are displayed through a system interface with the help of Labview software, Arduino Uno & DHT sensor. The final results of the trial design of the data logger tool are able to & have advantages, among others, air temperature and humidity parameters can be monitored automatically accompanied by alarm notifications, air temperature and humidity data parameters can be recorded automatically into logging data in the form of MS Excel format, and user can analyze data on air temperature and humidity parameters and the final results of the trial This air temperature & humidity data logger tool has an error rate of 0.5%.Di dunia industri proses pengukuran suhu dan kelembapan udara adalah proses pengukuran yang sangat penting dalam proses produksi. Tetapi dalam praktik dilapangan, proses pengukuran suhu &kelembapan udara sebagian besar dilakukan secara manual yaitu dilakukan dengan cara mencatat yang mempunyai kelemahan data pengukuran tidak presisi. Pencatatan pengukuran suhu yang dilakukan secara manual menyebabkan hasil produk menjadi tidak bagus, baik dari segi kuantitas maupun kualitas. Berkaitan dengan permasalahan tersebut, maka penulis berinisiatif ingin membuat sebuah perangkat data logger alternatif yang lebih sederhana, mudah terintegrasi dan harga relatif lebih terjangkau, tanpa mengurangi nilai akurasi pengukuran. Alat data logger ini berfungsi untuk memonitor suhu dan kelembapan udara secara real time, yang hasil monitoring-nya ditampilkan melalui sebuah system interface dengan bantuan software Labview, Arduino Uno & sensor DHT. Hasil akhir dari uji coba perancangan alat data logger tersebut mampu & mempunyai keunggulan antara lain, parameter suhu dan kelembapan udara dapat dimonitoring secara otomatis disertai notifikasi alarm, parameter data suhu dan kelembapan udara bisa terekam secara otomatis ke dalam data logging dalam bentuk format MS Excel, serta user dapat menganalisa data parameter suhu dan kelembapan udara serta Hasil akhir ujicoba Alat data logger suhu & kelembapan udara ini mempunyai tingkat kesalahan sebesar 0,5 %.   Kata kunci: LabView, Data Logger, Arduino Un

DROWSY DETECTION FROM VIDEO DRIVER FACE BASED ON EYE AND MOUTH FEATURES EXTRACTION USING THE CONVOLUTION NEURAL NETWORK METHOD

This research was conducted in an effort to minimize the occurrence of road traffic accidents. In this study detected the level of fatigue and sleepiness from the driver's face video based on the extraction of eye and mouth features using the CNN method. The dataset in this study is 300 data with 3 different classes namely drowsiness 100 data,  sleepy 100 data and normal 100 data. The number of epochs used in research to achieve high accuracy is as much as 50. In the test results it is known that the validation of accuracy has increased in each of the input layer results

WATER POWER GENERATOR FOR PUBLIC ROAD ILLUMINATION LIGHTS OF PADI VILLAGE MOJOKERTO

Electricity problems in rural areas more and more electric power is needed. Until now, power plants that use water turbines are environmentally friendly electricity producers, so the potential for energy from the air needs to be utilized to address the demand for electricity. Therefore, the solution to this problem is to use the "Design and Construction of Hydroelectric Generator for Public Street Lighting".  The generator is a source of electric voltage obtained by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The generator works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which is by rotating a coil in a magnetic field so that the induced GGL (Electric Motion Force) arises. In this thesis, a research is conducted on the Water Turbine Generator in the river in the village area of Padi Gondang Mojokerto as an object of water flow in order to generate electric power to reduce crime in the area in the form of a load object in the form of Public Street Lighting

Micro and Macroeconomic Determinants of Indonesian Government’s Bonds Liquidities in the Secondary Market (2012-2016)

Despite having registered the trade volume since 2005, Indonesia's bond market trading and liquidity level in the secondary market are still the lowest in Asia. Neighboring countries like the Philippines and Singapore started registering trading volume records in the same year as Indonesia has exceeded the liquidity level of the Indonesian market. This raises the question of what makes the rate of development in Indonesia's bond market not as fast as other countries in Asia. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the determinants of liquidity in the secondary market of Indonesian bonds, especially government bonds. In the case of Indonesia, research on government liquidity is still limited. Various studies have been conducted to determine the factors affecting liquidity and also the method to calculate them but mostly focus on private bonds. This research uses the level of liquidity of bonds based on turnover ratio as a dependent variable and variable of maturity rate, coupon rate, exchange rate, stock price index, and lending rate as independent variables. The method used is multiple linear regression. The results show that the liquidity of 10-years benchmark government bonds in Indonesia is significantly influenced by the coupon rate and lending rate positively but influenced by the exchange rate and stock price index negatively. These results indicate that liquidity is influenced by macroeconomic variables. Thus, the Indonesian government should monitor macroeconomic indicators closely and change policy related to its bonds accordingly

PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN PEREKONOMIAN (HUKUM WAGNER) DI NEGARA SEDANG BERKEMBANG: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS

Hubungan kausal antara pengeluaran pemerintah dengan perkembangan perekonomian dapat dikaji lewat dua pandangan, yaitu Hukum Wagner atau Hipotesis Keynes. Hukum Wagner memandang bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah merupakan dampak dari perkembangan ekonomi, sedangkan Hipotesis Keynes berpendapat bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah merupakan alat kebijakan fiskal untuk meningkatkan perekonomian. Dua pandangan tersebut secara akademis masih diperdebatkan, terbukti dengan banyak artikel ilmiah yang membahasnya. Sayangnya, simpulan dari penelitian tersebut berbeda bahkan bertentangan. Penelitian ini meninjau secara sistematis artikel-artikel yang mengkaji Hukum Wagner pada negara-negara sedang berkembang yang menggunakan data runtun waktu. Artikel ditinjau berdasarkan landasan teori, metode empiris, metode pengujian hubungan kausal, variabel yang ditambahkan selain PDB dan pengeluaran pemerintah, hasil pengujian, serta argumentasi signifikansi. Hasil tinjauan atas empat puluh artikel yang mencakup tujuh puluh dua negara menunjukkan bahwa temuan penelitian beragam, baik yang mendukung Hukum Wagner, Hipotesis Keynes, keduanya, atau tidak mendukung keduanya. Perbedaan hasil tersebut disebabkan karena perbedaan data, metode uji, serta variabel lain yang ditambahkan dalam model. Dengan hasil yang tidak konklusif tersebut, topik penelitian ini masih terbuka untuk diteliti lebih lanjut

Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan dan Beban Iklan terhadap Tindakan Penghindaran Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur

This study aims at analyzing the influence of company characteristics and advertising expenses on the tax avoidance. Object of the study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period of 2010-2014. Determination of the sample is done by using purposive sampling method by taking into account some characteristics of the companies and their annual reports. By applying panel data regression, it turns out that advertising expense is significant predictor of tax avoidance which is proxied by effective tax rate. Regarding companies' characteristics, liquidity, size, and profit quality influence tax avoidance. Tax administration could use the results from this study to further identify manufacturing companies prone to tax avoidance

Voice Warning to Identify Distance to Obstacles on Smart Cane for Blind People

Blind people are often hampered in their mobility, while currently available assistive technology includes manual sticks and electronic mobility devices. Currently, the development of smart canes is still being carried out in many studies. Smart cane works by detecting the distance of the cane to obstacles in front of you. From detecting this distance, the response the user gets is generally in the form of vibrations and sounds from the buzzer. The sound provided by the buzzer cannot differentiate the distance between obstacles. Therefore, this study proposes the existence of additional sound playback responses to differentiate far, middle, and near obstacles. Apart from that, the design of the prototype refers to the shape of a flashlight. The smart cane is designed using an Arduini UNO microcontroller with a rechargeable battery power supply with three response components, namely two ISD 1820 modules connected to a speaker to detect long distances (201-300 cm) with a "Hati-hati" sound and medium distances (101-200 cm) with an "Awas" sound, as well as a buzzer and piezoelectric component in the form of a "beep" sound and vibration for close distances (1-100 cm) to obstacles. The result is that both the ultrasonic sensor and response components work according to design. Apart from that, the rechargeable battery supply feature and the implementation of the prototype design make it easier for users to store and use for daily activities