Pemanfaatan Diatom Banthik dalam penetuan kualitas air Sungai garang Banjir kanal Barat semarang

ANIS SOFIA NOVIRITA J 201 94 1059. Pemanfaatan Diatom Benthik dalain Penentuan Kualitas Air Sungai Garang-Banjir Kanal Barat Semarang (Di bawah bimbingan Hendarko Sugondo, dan Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati) Sungai Garang-Banjir Kanal Barat merupakan salah satu sungai besar di Semarang yang berperan sebagai saluran pengendali banjir dan sumber air utama bagi PDAM. Untuk itu pengawasan terhadap kondisi perairan perlu dilakukan secara kontinyu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji stniktur komunitas diatom benthik dan memanfaatkannya untuk menentukan kualitas air Sungai Garang-Banjir Kanal Barat. Pengambilan sampel substrat dan pengukuran parameter perairan dilakukan di lima stasiun pada bulan Oktober 1998 dan Maret 1999 dari hulu hingga hilir. Parameter fisik-kimia perairan dan sedimen diukur secara in situ dan melalui analisa laboratorium. Diatom dipisahkan dari sedimen dengan penambahan asam kuat dan potasium dikromat. Identifikasi diatom dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop compound perbesaran 400 X. Data yang diperoleh lalu dianalisa struktur komunitasnya dengan menghitung indeks keanekaragaman (H'), indeks pemerataan (e) dan kemelimpahan relatif (Di). Analisa secara statistik dilakukan secara non-parametrik dengan analisa One-Way ANOSIM pada struktur komunitas diatom benthik dan secara parametrik dengan korelasi-regresi. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan bahwa stasiun I pada bulan Oktober 1998 mempunyai nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi, yaitu 3,16, dengan indeks pemerataan sebesar 0,78 dan jumlah spesies sebanyak 53 spesies. Sedangkan jumlah total individu tertinggi yaitu 34.188 individu/gram terdapat di stasiun V pada bulan Maret 1999. Walaupun dari perhitungan dengan One-Way ANOSIM tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada stniktur komunitas diatom benthik dari hulu ke hilir, namun adanya kecendenmgan penurunan indeks keanekaragaman yang diikuti oleh kenaikan jumlah total individu serta penurunan kualitas perairan ditinjau dari segi fisik maupun kimiawinya menandakan kualitas perairan yang semakin menurun ke arah hilir Dari penelitian ini terlihat bahwa Nitzschia palea, Synedra ulna, Hantzschia amphioxys dan Navicula cuspidata merupakan spesies-spesies yang dijurnpai di semua stasiun dengan kemelimpahan relatif lebih besar dari 5%. Selain itu juga didapatkan adanya hubungan yang kuat antara N. palea dengan kandungan TSS perairan, S. ulna dengan temperatur, pH dan kandungan Si02 sedimen serta antara H. amphioxys dengan kandungan Pb sedimen

KINERJA BADAN PENGELOLA PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH DALAM PENERBITAN BEA PEROLEHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN BANGUNAN DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

AbstrakSalah satu tujuan organisasi adalah peningkatan kinerja pegawai. Dimana kinerja adalah hasil kerja secara kualitas dan kuantitas yang dicapai oleh seorang pegawai dalam melaksanakan pekerjaannya, untuk mengetahui kinerja pegawai dalam suatu organisasi publik menjadi sangat penting atau dengan kata lain memiliki nilai yang amat strategis. Informasi mengenai kinerja pegawai dan faktor-faktor yang ikut berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai sangat penting untuk diketahui, sehingga pengukuran kinerja hendaknya dapat diterjemahkan sebagai suatu evaluasi untuk menilai atau melihat keberhasilan dan kegagalan pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi yang diberikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dimaksudkan untuk lebih mengexplorasi permasalahan penelitian sehingga diperoleh jawaban, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Produktivitas Aparatur Sipil Negara yang ada di Badan Pengelola Pajak dan Retribusi Daerah dalam hal ini di bidang penerbitan bea perolehan hak atas tanah dan bangunan masih perlu pembinaan dalam kinerja, walaupun sudah merasa kinerja sudah baik tetapi masih ada lagi hal-hal yang tidak baik yang diterima oleh masyarakat. Kususnya sikap mental dan perilaku masih ada pembedaan dalam memberikan pelayanan dimana ada perlakuan kusus dari pegawai yang diberikan kepada masyarakat tertentu. Dengan melakukan pembinaan yang lebih maka akan meningkatkan produktivitas untuk mencapai kinerja yang baik. Dari segi kualitas layanan harus lebih lagi dalam memperhatikan kebutuhan masyarakat, melayani masyarakat harus lebih baik laik, memperhatikan setiap kebutuhan dari masyarakat tersebut. Kualitas layana masih kurang baik hal ini dapat di nilai dari kecakapan dan kehandalan petugas dalam memberikan pelayanan.Kata Kunci : Kinerja, Badan Pengelola Pajak dan Retribusi Daerah, BEA Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah

Banana Stem as an Alternative Raw Materials for Bioethanol Production

Bioethanol production from agricultural waste is known to be a promising alternative in replacing the use of fossil fuels in order to prevent sudden depletion of non-renewable source and reduce environmental pollution. Banana stem waste is an abundant source which can be easily found in Malaysia since banana plantation conduct at large scale. Banana stem has been proven to contain glucose, sucrose, starch and lignocellulosic compound which can potentially be utilize as carbon source for bioethanol production at industry scale. Therefore, this is conducted to determine the potential of raw starch and free sugar of banana stem waste in producing an efficient amount of bioethanol. Research had been performed and it is found that starch and sugar available in banana stem do have the potential in producing ethanol. Based on the results obtained, banana stem dry matter was identified to consist of higher amount of starch compared to banana stem sap with 0.615 g/L and 0.016 g/L respectively. Thus, banana stem dry matter was further analyses through conduction of enzymatic hydrolysis to breakdown starch into glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis was done in three different concentrations which are 5%, 10% and 15% of samples to identify which concentration have the most efficient rate of conversion to be used in fermentation step. Samples of 5% concentration showed the highest rate conversion among all three which is 61.87%. The 10% concentration showed low conversion rate that is 39.17% while enzymatic hydrolysis process of concentration 15% are not able to be completed. The high conversion rate of 5% concentration indicates a potential in efficient bioethanol production after completed fermentation process. By the end of the research, the result obtained on ethanol production is 8.5 g/L which also proved the high rate conversion of 88%. The results achieved indicates that banana stem does have the potential in bioethanol production

Factors Influencing Online Buying Intention among Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) Officers

Online buying has become a norm in Malaysia after the COVID-19 pandemic. It is one of the measures to cope with the rapid spread of the virus. Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) staff is not left behind in following the current trend. The present study is intended to determine the factors that influence them to engage in online buying although they are very busy ensuring public safety. Data was collected using online surveys distributed conveniently to the staff. After the lapse of the allocated data collection period, 150 responses were received and analyzed. Out of five factors that have been selected as the independent variables, only two are significant in influencing online buying intention among the RMP staff: attitude and perceived usefulness. Perceived ease of use, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control did not significantly influence the online buying intention of RMP officers. The findings show that only those with the right attitude towards online buying and those who find online buying beneficial will pursue online purchases

PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI METANOL DAN LAMA INDUKSI TERHADAP EKSPRESI PROINSULIN OLEH Pichia pastoris SECARA INTRASELULER

The Effects of Variation in Methanol Concentration and Induction Time on Intracellular Proinsulin Expression by Pichia pastoris ABSTRACTDiabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. There were 215 million diabetic patients in 2014 and the number is expected to rise in 2040. Generally, insulin is used to treat diabetic patients. Insulin production by recombinant technology has been done, though still inefficient, by using E. coli and S. cerevisiae expression system. Another alternative expression system is methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. In this research, proinsulin has been expressed by P. pastoris intracellularly. P. pastoris strains used in this research were X33, GS115, and KM71H. All recombinant strains were MutS. Best cultivation media was BMGY. Proinsulin expression was observed at 25°C. Pichia pastoris strain that expressed proinsulin best was GS115-PI. It was supported by PCR in which the strain GS115-PI gave 504 bp-sized bands. Based on proinsulin formation time, the final methanol concentration of 0.5% in 72 hours was found to be the best treatment.Keywords: BMGY, methanol, phenotype, Pichia pastoris, proinsulin ABSTRAKDiabetes melitus merupakan kelainan yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. Penderita diabetes pada tahun 2014 di dunia mencapai 215 juta dan diperkirakan akan meningkat pada tahun 2040. Umumnya penderita diabetes diberi pengobatan insulin sehingga menunjukkan akan ada peningkatan kebutuhan insulin. Produksi insulin dengan teknologi DNA rekombinan telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan sistem ekspresi E. coli dan S. cerevisiae namun masih belum efisien. Sistem alternatif lain adalah ragi metilotropik Pichia pastoris. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan ekspresi proinsulin dari P. pastoris secara intraseluler. Galur P. pastoris yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah X33, GS115, dan KM71H. Semua galur rekombinan adalah MutS. Media tumbuh terbaik adalah BMGY. Ekspresi proinsulin terlihat pada suhu 25°C. Hasil PCR menunjukkan bahwa galur GS115-PI yang dapat menghasilkan pita amplikon berukuran 504 bp. Hasil PCR ini dibuktikan oleh hasil seleksi galur yang menunjukkan bahwa galur GS115-PI dapat mengekspresi proinsulin dibandingkan galur lainnya. Berdasarkan kecepatan pembentukan pita protein proinsulin, variasi konsentrasi akhir metanol 0,5% dengan lama induksi 72 jam merupakan perlakuan terbaik.Kata Kunci: BMGY, fenotipe, metanol, Pichia pastoris, proinsuli

Exploring Luxury Travel from the Perspective of Ancillary Services Supplier: High-End Vehicles and Limousine Service.

The purpose of the study is to explore oneof the ancillary services in tourism namely high-endvehicles and limousine service and identify its currentsupply, benefits, potential and challenges from thesupply perspective. As the study on the topic isrelatively new and intended to understand theexperience of the service providers in Malaysiasetting, qualitative study using case study approachwas adopted as the study methodology. The scope ofthe study covers the perspective of the supplier orservice providers of high-end vehicles and limousineservice in Malaysia. From the findings, it is agreedthat the provision of the service could positivelyenhance destination image and spurs tourism growththrough top notch delivery service. However, industryoverview and challenges revealed that insufficientsupply of vehicles, illegal use of privately-ownedvehicles for the service and shrinkage in economicgrowth, high cost of business operation, lack of accessto information and assistance as well as issue ofsustainability may hinder the potential to developgood destination image and stimulate tourismspending. To overcome these challenges, possiblerecommendations that can be suggested arefacilitating the industry through government support,embracing innovative business model to sustain andstimulating larger demand through vibrantattractions as pull factor. In conclusion, the high-endvehicles and limousine service industry has to be clearwith its actual target segmentation, embraceinnovation to build market capabilities andstrengthen its position and capabilities throughbusiness association. Future studies may include study from the demand perspective and comparisonstudy between popular high-yield tourists'destinations.INKeywords Ancillary service, Luxury travel, High-yieldtourist, High-end vehicles service, Supply perspectiv

Alumina recovery from industrial waste: study on the thermal, tensile and wear properties of polypropylene/alumina nanocomposites

The investigation on the influences of alumina (Al2O3) particles in nano-sized retrieved from Aluminium (Al) dross was conducted on the tensile, thermal and wear properties of polypropylene (PP) composites. The thermal decomposition method was used to synthesise the micro α-Al2O3 particles from Al-dross, was followed by the wet-milling method to produce the nano α-Al2O3. The PP composites (nano and micro α-Al2O3 particles) were prepared via melt compounding followed by compression molding. The coupling agent was also added to facilitate the particle dispersion. The tensile tests showed the maximum tensile strength and Young’s modulus of both composites to be corresponding to the samples containing 5 wt% of α-Al2O3. The superiority of nano α-Al2O3 on improving the property of PP had also been evident in the abrasive wear performance. A small amount of α-Al2O3 had been adequate in enhancing the thermal stability of PP than that of neat PP. The study on tensile and worn surface with SEM had revealed better adhesion and interaction between the filler and matrix in composites that were treated with coupling agent. The recovery of nano α-Al2O3 particles from Al-dross potentially decreases the quantity of harmful solid waste and can be an effective alternative filler for thermoplastics

Significance of Sensory Activities among Toddlers for Sensory Skills Development

The excessive use of gadgets takes away so much time and robs of all the fun from children. It affects children's cognitive, emotional, and social skills. Hence, by exposing children to various sensory experiences, they can develop proper sensory processing capabilities. This can be done by learning through play. The purpose of this descriptive research is to encourage children to interact with peers through sensory play activities. This study analyses videos using the framework of Feldman’s theory by creating a sensory board game. The result shows that it can help stimulate children’s sensory skills development and enhance active interaction. Keywords: Toddler; Sensory activity; skills development; board game eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI7.376

Awareness of Microtakaful Development among Low-Income Earners in Malaysia

Malaysia is the third largest takaful market globally and the takaful sector in Malaysia shows sound growth in 2022. Takaful had a penetration rate of 20.1% in 2022, up from 18.6% the previous year. However, only 25% of adult employees in the low-income group have some form of life insurance or family takaful cover, in contrast with 59% of those who are employed in the overall population who have takaful or insurance protection. The Malaysian population can be classified into three income segments: the T20 group, the M40 group and the B40 group. This study will only focus on the B40 group with a median income of RM3,860.  Microtakaful is a kind of takaful product entailed for addressing the financial needs of households with low incomes in times of significant expenses. The main objective of this study was to examine the factors influencing the awareness of microtakaful development among the low-income group (B40). This study examines the relationship between (i) income level (ii) knowledge, and (iii) loss of exposure to the awareness of microtakaful. Data was collected by distributing 320 questionnaires to the residents in (PPR) Kerinchi Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the three independent variables, namely income level, knowledge, and loss exposures, have a strong positive relationship with microtakaful awareness. However, it is found that income level has the biggest impact on the awareness of microtakaful

Properties and flexural behavior of self-compacting concrete with added coir fiber and POFA

This paper presents the mechanical properties and flexural behavior of selfcompacting concrete (SCC) with addition of 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% coir fiber (CF) as filler, and 10% palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as partial cement replacement. Fresh SCC-POFA-CF mixture was tested under slump flow and J-ring tests to determine its workability. SCC-POFA-CF cubes and cylinders were tested under compressive and tensile tests to determine its compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength, while prisms were tested under four point bending load to determine its flexural behavior. It is found that workability of SCC-POFA-CF decreased when CF increased. The optimum percentage of CF in SCC mixture was found to be 0.4%. SCC-POFA-CF experienced less crack compared to the control specimen. This shows that CF in SCC prisms managed to control the crack propagation