"Welfare Impact of a Ban on Child Labor"

This paper presents a new rationale for imposing restrictions on child labor. In a standard overlapping generations model where parental altruism results in transfers that children allocate to consumption and education, the Nash-Cournot equilibrium results in sub-optimal levels of parental transfers and does not maximize the average level of utility of currently living agents. A ban on child labor decreases children's income and generates an increase in parental transfers bringing their levels closer to the optimum, raising children's welfare as well as average welfare in the short-run and in the long-run. Moreover, the inability to work allows children to allocate more time to education, and it leads to an increase in human capital. Besides, to increase transfers, parents decrease savings and, hence, physical capital accumulation. When prices are flexible, these effects diminish the positive welfare impact of the ban on child labor.child labor, altruism, overlapping generations, welfare.

"Borrowing Constraints, Parental Altruism and Welfare"

This paper investigates the impact of borrowing constraints on welfare in a standard overlapping-generations model where parental altruism results in transfers. I find that the average level of welfare is higher when children cannot borrow against future income. As Bernheim (1989) showed, the Nash-Cournot equilibrium does not maximize the average level of utility of currently living agents; the presence of a borrowing constraint increases children's savings and parental transfers bringing their levels closer to the optimum, raising children's welfare as well as average welfare in the short-run and in the long-run. Additionally, borrowing constraints reduce investment on children's education, decreasing the aggregate level of human capital, but raises aggregate savings and, hence, physical capital. When prices are flexible, the latter effect dominates and the positive welfare impact of the credit constraint is higher.borrowing constraints, altruism, overlapping generations, welfare

Efficient public investment in a model with transition dynamics

Capital investments

A brief trip through artificial intelligence

O presente artigo apresenta uma viagem rápida pela inteligência artificial, começando por um lado mais generalista e entrando depois genericamente nas principais ferramentas ao dispor dos humanos para treinar a inteligência artificial. Por fim, metade do texto será dedicado a explorar os fundamentos básicos de uma rede neuronal, por ser a abordagem que está mais em voga.The present article presents a rapid journey through artificial intelligence, starting from a more generalist side and then entering generically the main tools available to humans to train artificial intelligence. Finally, half of the text will be devoted to exploring the basics of a neural network, as it is the approach that is most in vogue.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A liderança como factor de desenvolvimento dos clubes escolares

[Resumo] As novas perspectivas criadas pelo projecto de autonomia e gestan escolar acrescentaram novos desafios aos professores para urna mudança organizacional do desporto escolar. Neste sentido, as possibilidades de urna maior responsabilização da escola e dos professores na gestan e organização dos recursos humanos e das actividades, abre, também, novas perspectivas de liderança na organização. Assim sendo, a liderança, assume-se como o principal factor de melhoria da qualidade e da inovação do desporto escolar. Com efeito, nao só a escola como também a estrutura organizacional do desporto escolar, carecem ainda de professores com motivação e capacidade de liderança para promoverem a mudança e inovação de projectos. Esta comunicação visa apresentar os factores de liderança de um projecto de formação de um clube escolar totalmente autónomo mas integrado e devidamente apoiado pelos orgaos de gestan escolar. Este projecto tem permitido aos recursos humanos o desempenho de um novo papel na liderança do desporto escolar com resultados bastante interessantes ao nível da forma<;ao desportiva e da educação das crianças

Evaluation indicators of the socio-sport impact of the national swimming championship

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Optimal Fiscal Policy and the (Lack of) Time Inconsistency Problem

Time-consistency, Markov Equilibrium, Public Debt

"Social Security: Universal vs. Earnings-Dependent Benefits"

I compare the welfare implications of implementing Bismarckian and Beveridgean social security systems. In an overlapping generations environment with intragenerational homogeneity, agents can be better off with a system with universal benefits than with a comparable system with earnings-dependent benefits because the latter generates a stronger decrease in net wages. Once I allow for intragenerational skill heterogeneity, agents are on average better off with the more redistributive universal benefits system. I then let agents vote for the replacement rates in a democratic process. In the absence of intragenerational heterogeneity, a larger social security system is implemented when benefits are earnings-dependent than when they are universal resulting in a larger decrease in net wages; this makes young agents worse o¤ with earnings-dependent benefits. In the presence of intragenerational skill heterogeneity, the reverse occurs and agents fare on average better in the long-run when benefits are earnings-dependent. However, because of its redistributional effects, agents born at the time of implementation are on average better o¤ with an universal benefits system.social security, universal benefits, earnings-dependent benefits, Bismarckian social security system, Beveridgean social security system, voting, welfare.