Comparação entre o gasto energético de repouso medido e a estimativa de gasto energético de equações preditivas em mulheres com reganho de peso no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica

As equações preditivas do gasto energético de repouso (GER) são largamente utilizadas, pela sua facilidade de execução e baixo custo. No entanto, estas se mostraram imprecisas numa extensa variedade de situações clínicas bem definidas, apresentando variações importantes inter e intra-individuais. O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o GER medido pela calorimetria indireta e o gasto energético basal (GEB) estimado por equações preditivas de mulheres com reganho de peso após 24 meses de gastroplastia redutora com derivação em Y de Roux, em Brasília-DF. Para tal foram calculados os GEB por 6 equações preditivas e comparados com os dados de GER aferidos previamente pela calorimetria indireta. Todas as equações superestimaram os valores do GER havendo melhor correlação com as equações de Harris Benedict (r²=0.485; p=0.004) e IOM (r²=0.491; p=0.003). Para melhorar a possibilidade de êxito como um todo do tratamento dietoterápico, são necessários mais estudos que desenvolvam sugestões de novas equações preditivas, voltadas para o público bariátrico, a fim de viabilizar um tratamento de qualidade para todos

Quality and safety conditions of flocked oats (Avena sativa L.) stored in bags: Poster

Oats (Avena sativa L.) have reached the healthy food market worldwide due to its special nutrients composition and fiber high quality. Therefore, quality & safety control is a must, both during the storage and commercialization stages. The current study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics (flakes size/variation %, pH, moisture content-mc, water activity-aw), living organisms (insects & mites / mycoflora - fungi load& genera identification), mycotoxins(ochratoxin A – OTA / zearalenone – ZON / aflatoxins – AFLs / esterigmatocistin – EST)andthe storage conditions of flocked oats stored inbags.Regarding the oats physicochemical characteristics, flakes particle size varied, however most of the samples present size uniformityand only one sample had high percentage of residue. That indicates high insects and other living organisms activity (consumption / proliferation) of oats starch and other nutrients. The analysis through stereomicroscope showed intense presence of insects and mites. Samples were seen also sheltering those living organisms (27%), which are not allowed by regulation (no soils, parasites and larvae presence). As expected, mc (10.8-13.2%) and/or aw (0.61-0.90) varied, however they kept on the safer levels (< 13% / 0.90) insects/mites and fungi growth wise. With respect to pH, it varied from4.1to 5.85, indicating some rancidity/fermentation reactions taking place, thus changes in organoleptic parameters. The total fungi load ranged from 3x102 to 1.29x105 CFU/g, with Aspergillus and Rhizopusthe genera more identified. Only one sample was toxin contaminated (OTA - 80 µg/kg). Insects are known vectors of fungal spores and can spread their hyphae on their dead/live skeleton, apart from mites that can trigger allergies in humans and animals. Therefore, current data demonstrate that despite the storage conditions control application, living organisms can occur in flocked oats (stored in bags) and it is necessary to apply decontamination methods to control/prevent their proliferation.Oats (Avena sativa L.) have reached the healthy food market worldwide due to its special nutrients composition and fiber high quality. Therefore, quality & safety control is a must, both during the storage and commercialization stages. The current study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics (flakes size/variation %, pH, moisture content-mc, water activity-aw), living organisms (insects & mites / mycoflora - fungi load& genera identification), mycotoxins(ochratoxin A – OTA / zearalenone – ZON / aflatoxins – AFLs / esterigmatocistin – EST)andthe storage conditions of flocked oats stored inbags.Regarding the oats physicochemical characteristics, flakes particle size varied, however most of the samples present size uniformityand only one sample had high percentage of residue. That indicates high insects and other living organisms activity (consumption / proliferation) of oats starch and other nutrients. The analysis through stereomicroscope showed intense presence of insects and mites. Samples were seen also sheltering those living organisms (27%), which are not allowed by regulation (no soils, parasites and larvae presence). As expected, mc (10.8-13.2%) and/or aw (0.61-0.90) varied, however they kept on the safer levels (< 13% / 0.90) insects/mites and fungi growth wise. With respect to pH, it varied from4.1to 5.85, indicating some rancidity/fermentation reactions taking place, thus changes in organoleptic parameters. The total fungi load ranged from 3x102 to 1.29x105 CFU/g, with Aspergillus and Rhizopusthe genera more identified. Only one sample was toxin contaminated (OTA - 80 µg/kg). Insects are known vectors of fungal spores and can spread their hyphae on their dead/live skeleton, apart from mites that can trigger allergies in humans and animals. Therefore, current data demonstrate that despite the storage conditions control application, living organisms can occur in flocked oats (stored in bags) and it is necessary to apply decontamination methods to control/prevent their proliferation

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Aspectos físicos e fisiológicos de sementes de Fimbristylis dicothoma relacionados à germinação e dormência

In the seeds of pioneer plants, the application of treatments for breaking dormancy, and selection by colour and size, are strategies for obtaining seeds of less dormancy and better germination performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the physical and physiological aspects of seeds of the tall fringe-rush (Fimbristylis dichotoma) on germination and dormancy. To do this, the seeds were submitted to the following treatments in three studies: (i) control, immersion in H2SO4 (98%, 36N) for 1 minute, immersion in KNO3 (1, 2 and 3%) for 15 minutes, seeding on a substrate moistened with KNO3 (0.2%) and exposure for 5 and 10 hours in a forced air circulation oven at 40 and 70 degrees C; (ii) classification of the seeds by colour (light and dark) and application of the following treatments: control, immersion of the seeds in H2SO4 (98%, 36N) for 1 and 2 minutes, immersion in KNO3 (5% and 10%) for 15 and 30 minutes and seeding on a substrate moistened with KNO3 (0.2%); (iii) classification by size (0.60, 0.50 and 0.40 mm) and germination on a substrate moistened with KNO3 (0.2%) or distilled H2O. The seeds were evaluated by germination test, first count and germination speed index. Moistening the substrate with KNO3 (0.2%), and heat treatment at 40 degrees C for 10 hours improve performance in seeds of the tall fringe-rush. Light-coloured seeds do not display dormancy. Medium-sized seeds of the tall fringe-rush show better performance in terms of percentage and speed of germination.Em sementes de plantas pioneiras a aplicação de tratamentos de superação de dormência e a seleção por cor e tamanho são estratégias para a obtenção de sementes com menor dormência e melhor desempenho germinativo. O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de aspectos físicos e fisiológicos de sementes de falso-alecrim-da-praia sobre sua germinação e dormência. Para tanto, as sementes foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos em três estudos: (i) testemunha, imersão em H2SO4 (98%, 36N) por 1 minuto, imersão em KNO3 (1; 2 e 3%) por 15 minutos, semeadura em substrato umedecido com KNO3 (0,2%) e exposição por 5 e 10 horas em estufa com circulação forçada de ar a 40 e 70 °C; (ii) classificação das sementes por cor (clara e escura) e aplicação dos seguintes tratamentos: testemunha, imersão das sementes em H2SO4 (98%, 36N) por 1 e 2 minutos, imersão em KNO3 (5% e 10%) por 15 e 30 minutos e semeadura em substrato umedecido com KNO3 (0,2%); (iii) classificação por tamanho (0,60; 0,50 e 0,40 mm) e germinação em substrato umedecido com KNO3 (0,2%) ou H2O destilada. As sementes foram avaliadas por meio do teste de germinação, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação. O umedecimento do substrato com KNO3 (0,2%) e o tratamento térmico à 40 °C por 10 horas melhoram o desempenho das sementes de falso-alecrim-da-praia. Sementes de cor clara de falso-alecrim-da-praia não apresentam dormência. Sementes de tamanho médio de falso-alecrim-da-praia apresentam melhor desempenho quanto à porcentagem e velocidade de germinação

Ecophysiology of seed germination in Digitaria insularis ((L.) Fedde)

The invasive behaviour of sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) in cultivated areas is due to its strategy of aggressive regeneration, which is based on seed germination. Knowledge of the physiological ecology of this species can contribute to the development of management and control strategies. The aim of this research was to understand the effects of provenance, temperature and light on the germination of sourgrass seeds collected in the Brazilian state of São Paulo in the cities of Americana, Botucatu and São José do Rio Preto and in the state of Paraná in the city of São Miguel do Iguaçu. The seeds were left to germinate at temperatures of 15, 25, 35 and 45 °C, both with and without light. The number of normal seedlings was recorded daily from seven to 60 days. After this period, the seeds together with substrate, were transferred to 25 ºC with light, and a daily count was made for all treatments until the end of germination (75 days after sowing). The seeds of D. insularis are positively photoblastic. Seed germination in this species depends on provenance. A temperature of 4 5 °C for germination is lethal to the seeds. The temperature of 35 °C in the presence of light is the most favourable condition for seed germination

Ecophysiology of seed germination in Digitaria insularis ((L.) Fedde)

The invasive behaviour of sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) in cultivated areas is due to its strategy of aggressive regeneration, which is based on seed germination. Knowledge of the physiological ecology of this species can contribute to the development of management and control strategies. The aim of this research was to understand the effects of provenance, temperature and light on the germination of sourgrass seeds collected in the Brazilian state of São Paulo in the cities of Americana, Botucatu and São José do Rio Preto and in the state of Paraná in the city of São Miguel do Iguaçu. The seeds were left to germinate at temperatures of 15, 25, 35 and 45 °C, both with and without light. The number of normal seedlings was recorded daily from seven to 60 days. After this period, the seeds together with substrate, were transferred to 25 ºC with light, and a daily count was made for all treatments until the end of germination (75 days after sowing). The seeds of D. insularis are positively photoblastic. Seed germination in this species depends on provenance. A temperature of 4 5 °C for germination is lethal to the seeds. The temperature of 35 °C in the presence of light is the most favourable condition for seed germination.O comportamento invasivo do capim-amargoso (Digitaria insularis) em áreas de cultivo deve-se à sua estratégia de regeneração agressiva, que está alicerçada na germinação das sementes. O conhecimento da ecofisiologia dessa espécie pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de manejo e controle. Objetivou-se com a presente pesquisa conhecer o efeito de diferentes procedências, temperaturas e luz na germinação de sementes de capim-amargoso. As sementes foram coletadas no Estado de São Paulo nas cidades de Americana, Botucatu e São José do Rio Preto e no Estado do Paraná na cidade de São Miguel do Iguaçu e, colocadas para germinar em temperaturas de 15; 25; 35 e 45 °C, com e sem luz. Foram contabilizadas diariamente as plântulas normais de sete a 60 dias. Após esse período, os substratos com sementes foram transferidos para 25 ºC na presença de luz realizando-se contagem diária até que a germinação cessasse em todos os tratamentos (75 dias após a semeadura). As sementes de D. insularis são fotoblásticas positivas. A germinação das sementes desta espécie depende da procedência. A temperatura de 45 ºC para a germinação é letal às sementes. A temperatura de 35 ºC combinada com luz é a condição mais favorável para a germinação das sementes.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Aspectos físicos e fisiológicos de sementes de Fimbristylis dicothoma relacionados à germinação e dormência

RESUMOEm sementes de plantas pioneiras a aplicação de tratamentos de superação de dormência e a seleção por cor e tamanho são estratégias para a obtenção de sementes com menor dormência e melhor desempenho germinativo. O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de aspectos físicos e fisiológicos de sementes de falso-alecrim-da-praia sobre sua germinação e dormência. Para tanto, as sementes foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos em três estudos: (i) testemunha, imersão em H2SO4(98%, 36N) por 1 minuto, imersão em KNO3 (1; 2 e 3%) por 15 minutos, semeadura em substrato umedecido com KNO3 (0,2%) e exposição por 5 e 10 horas em estufa com circulação forçada de ar a 40 e 70 °C; (ii) classificação das sementes por cor (clara e escura) e aplicação dos seguintes tratamentos: testemunha, imersão das sementes em H2SO4 (98%, 36N) por 1 e 2 minutos, imersão em KNO3 (5% e 10%) por 15 e 30 minutos e semeadura em substrato umedecido com KNO3 (0,2%); (iii) classificação por tamanho (0,60; 0,50 e 0,40 mm) e germinação em substrato umedecido com KNO3 (0,2%) ou H2O destilada. As sementes foram avaliadas por meio do teste de germinação, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação. O umedecimento do substrato com KNO3 (0,2%) e o tratamento térmico à 40 °C por 10 horas melhoram o desempenho das sementes de falso-alecrim-da-praia. Sementes de cor clara de falso-alecrim-da-praia não apresentam dormência. Sementes de tamanho médio de falso-alecrim-da-praia apresentam melhor desempenho quanto à porcentagem e velocidade de germinação