763 research outputs found
An asteroseismic study of the O9V star HD 46202 from CoRoT space-based photometry
The O9V star HD 46202, which is a member of the young open cluster NGC 2244,
was observed by the CoRoT satellite in October/November 2008 during a short run
of 34 days. From the very high-precision light curve, we clearly detect beta
Cep-like pulsation frequencies with amplitudes of ~0.1 mmag and below. A
comparison with stellar models was performed using a chi^2 as a measure for the
goodness-of-fit between the observed and theoretically computed frequencies.
The physical parameters of our best-fitting models are compatible with the ones
deduced spectroscopically. A core overshooting parameter alpha_ov = 0.10 +-
0.05 pressure scale height is required. None of the observed frequencies are
theoretically excited with the input physics used in our study. More
theoretical work is thus needed to overcome this shortcoming in how we
understand the excitation mechanism of pulsation modes in such a massive star.
A similar excitation problem has also been encountered for certain pulsation
modes in beta Cep stars recently modelled asteroseismically.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics on 17/12/2010,
9 pages, 7 figures, 4 table
Periodic mass loss episodes due to an oscillation mode with variable amplitude in the hot supergiant HD50064
We aim to interpret the photometric and spectroscopic variability of the
luminous blue variable supergiant HD\,50064 ().CoRoT space photometry
and follow-up high-resolution spectroscopy, with a time base of 137\,d and
169\,d, respectively, was gathered, analysed and interpreted using standard
time series analysis and light curve modelling methods as well as spectral line
diagnostics.The space photometry reveals one period of 37\,d, which undergoes a
sudden amplitude change with a factor 1.6. The pulsation period is confirmed in
the spectroscopy, which additionally reveals metal line radial velocity values
differing by km\,s depending on the spectral line and on the
epoch. We estimate \teff13\,500\,K, \logg1.5 from the equivalent
width of Si lines. The Balmer lines reveal that the star undergoes episodes of
changing mass loss on a time scale similar to the changes in the photometric
and spectroscopic variability, with an average value of (in M\,yr). We tentatively interpret the 37\,d
period as due to a strange mode oscillation.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letter
Discovery of a TiO emission band in the infrared spectrum of the S star NP Aurigae
We report on the discovery of an infrared emission band in the Spitzer
spectrum of the S-type AGB star NP Aurigae that is caused by TiO molecules in
the circumstellar environment. We modelled the observed emission to derive the
temperature of the TiO molecules (\approx 600 K), an upper limit on the column
density (\approx 10^17.25 cm^{-2}) and a lower limit on the spatial extent of
the layer that contains these molecules. (\approx 4.6 stellar radii). This is
the first time that this TiO emission band is observed. A search for similar
emission features in the sample of S-type stars yielded two additional
candidates. However, owing to the additional dust emission, the identification
is less stringent. By comparing the stellar characteristics of NP Aur to those
of the other stars in our sample, we find that all stars with TiO emission show
large-amplitude pulsations, s-process enrichment, and a low C/O ratio. These
characteristics might be necessary requirements for a star to show TiO in
emission, but they are not sufficient.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, letter to the edito
Familiekudde State of the Art
De Familiekudde is gebaseerd op de behoeften van de koe. Het biedt een natuurlijke leefomgeving voor rundvee door te werken met stabiele kuddes, het kalf bij de koe te laten en niet te onthoornen. In Familiekudde State of the Art schatten we op basis van wetenschappelijke kennis in wat de consequenties van het houden van een Familiekudde in de praktijk zijn en hoe er met verwachtte knelpunten omgegaan kan worden
Inter- and intrafractional 4D dose accumulation for evaluating ΔNTCP robustness in lung cancer.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Model-based selection of proton therapy patients relies on a predefined reduction in normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) with respect to photon therapy. The decision is necessarily made based on the treatment plan, but NTCP can be affected when the delivered treatment deviates from the plan due to delivery inaccuracies. Especially for proton therapy of lung cancer, this can be important because of tissue density changes and, with pencil beam scanning, the interplay effect between the proton beam and breathing motion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this work, we verified whether the expected benefit of proton therapy is retained despite delivery inaccuracies by reconstructing the delivered treatment using log-file based dose reconstruction and inter- and intrafractional accumulation. Additionally, the importance of two uncertain parameters for treatment reconstruction, namely deformable image registration (DIR) algorithm and α/β ratio, was assessed.
RESULTS
The expected benefit or proton therapy was confirmed in 97% of all studied cases, despite regular differences up to 2 percent point (p.p.) NTCP between the delivered and planned treatments. The choice of DIR algorithm affected NTCP up to 1.6 p.p., an order of magnitude higher than the effect of α/β ratio.
CONCLUSION
For the patient population and treatment technique employed, the predicted clinical benefit for patients selected for proton therapy was confirmed for 97.0 % percent of all cases, although the NTCP based proton selection was subject to 2 p.p. variations due to delivery inaccuracies
Light, alertness, and alerting effects of white light:A literature overview
Light is known to elicit non-image-forming responses, such as effects on alertness. This has been reported especially during light exposure at night. Nighttime results might not be translatable to the day. This article aims to provide an overview of (1) neural mechanisms regulating alertness, (2) ways of measuring and quantifying alertness, and (3) the current literature specifically regarding effects of different intensities of white light on various measures and correlates of alertness during the daytime. In general, the present literature provides inconclusive results on alerting effects of the intensity of white light during daytime, particularly for objective measures and correlates of alertness. However, the various research paradigms employed in earlier studies differed substantially, and most studies tested only a limited set of lighting conditions. Therefore, the alerting potential of exposure to more intense white light should be investigated in a systematic, dose-dependent manner with multiple correlates of alertness and within one experimental paradigm over the course of day
A novel 60 GHz wideband coupled half-mode/quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide antenna
A novel wideband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna topology, consisting of coupled half-mode and quarter-mode SIW resonant cavities, is proposed for operation in the 60 GHz band. This innovative topology combines a considerable bandwidth enhancement and a low form factor with compatibility with low-cost printed circuit board manufacturing processes, making it excellently suited for the next generation, high data rate wireless applications. Moreover, exploiting SIW technology, a high antenna-platform isolation is obtained, enabling dense integration with active electronics without harmful coupling. The computer-aided design process yields an antenna that covers the entire 57-64 GHz IEEE 802.11ad band with a measured fractional impedance bandwidth of 11.7% (7 GHz). The measured maximum gain and radiation efficiency of the prototype are larger than 5.1 dBi and 65%, respectively, within the entire impedance bandwidth
Sphagnum bleaching:Bicarbonate ‘toxicity’ and tolerance for seven Sphagnum species
Growth and functioning of Sphagnum mosses are closely linked to water level and chemistry. Sphagnum mosses occur in wet, generally acidic conditions, and when buffered, alkaline water is known to negatively impact Sphagnum. The effects of time, dose and species-specific responses of buffered, alkaline water on Sphagnum are largely unknown. We investigated the effects of bicarbonate and calcium on the survival, growth and physiological functioning of seven Sphagnum species occurring in contrasting environments, from raised bogs to (rich) fens. Mosses were submerged in different concentrations of bicarbonate and calcium solutions for 10 weeks under climate-controlled circumstances. After 2 weeks, all species exposed to the high bicarbonate treatment (2.0 mM) showed severe potassium leakage and swift discoloration. In contrast, species showed differential responses to the intermediate bicarbonate treatment (0.8 mM), some with a later onset of potassium leakage. S. squarrosum, S. teres & S. contortum generally persisted the longest, with all species dying after 6 to 10 weeks. Calcium alone, in contrast, negatively affected S. squarrosum, S. teres & S. contortum, causing discoloration and potassium leakage. Our study shows enrichment with bicarbonate, but not calcium, is detrimental for most Sphagnum species tested. A mechanistic model was developed that is consistent with dose and duration dependence and the species specificity. Future conservation and restoration measures for Sphagnum-dominated habitats and Sphagnum farming (cultivation, production and harvest of Sphagnum moss biomass) should limit flooding with bicarbonate-rich waters while investigating new management options, like acidifying surface waters to lower bicarbonate levels
CoRoT observations of O stars: diverse origins of variability
Six O-type stars were observed continuously by the CoRoT satellite during a
34.3-day run. The unprecedented quality of the data allows us to detect even
low-amplitude stellar pulsations in some of these stars (HD 46202 and the
binaries HD 46149 and Plaskett's star). These cover both opacity-driven modes
and solar-like stochastic oscillations, both of importance to the
asteroseismological modelling of O stars. Additional effects can be seen in the
CoRoT light curves, such as binarity and rotational modulation. Some of the
hottest O-type stars (HD 46223, HD 46150 and HD 46966) are dominated by the
presence of red-noise: we speculate that this is related to a sub-surface
convection zone.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, conference paper. To be published in "Four
decades of Research on Massive Stars", Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
Eds. C. Robert, N. St-Louis and L. Drisse
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