60 research outputs found
Enabling magnetic resonance imaging of hollow-core microstructured optical fibers via nanocomposite coating
Optical fibers are widely used in bioimaging systems as flexible endoscopes
capable of low-invasive penetration inside hollow tissue cavities. Here, we
report on the technique which allows magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of
hollow-core microstructured fibers (HC-MFs), paving the way for combing MRI and
optical bioimaging. Our approach is based on Layer-by-Layer assembly of
oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and magnetite nanoparticles on the inner
core surface of HC-MFs. Incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles into
polyelectrolyte layers renders HC-MFs visible for MRI and induces the red-shift
in their transmission spectra. Specifically, the transmission shifts up to 60
nm have been revealed for the several-layers composite coating along with the
high-quality contrast of HC-MFs in MRI scans. Our results shed light on
marrying fiber-based endoscopy with MRI that opens novel possibilities for
minimally invasive clinical diagnostics and surgical procedures in vivo.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Solar energy for green university: estimation of economic, environmental and image benefits
The paper considers the main components of the green university
concept, the foreign experience of environmental transformation of higher
education institutions, and the impact of eco-innovations implementation on
strengthening universities’ position in the UI GreenMetric World University
Rankings. The green strategy of Sumy State University, the results of its
implementation, and prospects for improvement in terms of increasing renewable
energy sources usage through the solar power plant installation are analysed. The
effectiveness of the solar power plant investment project and the reduction of carbon
dioxide emissions into the atmosphere by replacing conventional electricity with
electricity generated by the solar power plant are estimated. It is proved that in
addition to economic and environmental benefits, the implementation of the solar
energy project will positively impact the university’s image at the national and
international level
Estimation of Management Effectiveness of Electricity Supply Enterprises in Emerging Economies
The article gives an estimation of the
management effectiveness of electricity supply
enterprises in emerging economies on the example of
enterprises of the northern and central regions of
Ukraine. Estimation was conducted on the basis of
the authors’ methodological approach that applies
the number of indicators taken as a basis for the
formation of the integrated indicator. The latter
allows carrying out a comprehensive estimation of
the management effectiveness system of the
electricity supply enterprises.
The obtained results show a low management
effectiveness of the considered electricity supply
enterprises. As a result, the conducted research identified the barriers that hinder the efficient
development of electricity supply enterprises and
outlined the main directions for reforming energy
supply enterprises’ activity
Comparative effectiveness of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant vs fingolimod, natalizumab, and ocrelizumab in highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Importance: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) is available for treatment of highly active multiple sclerosis (MS).
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of AHSCT vs fingolimod, natalizumab, and ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting MS by emulating pairwise trials.
Design, Setting, and Participants: This comparative treatment effectiveness study included 6 specialist MS centers with AHSCT programs and international MSBase registry between 2006 and 2021. The study included patients with relapsing-remitting MS treated with AHSCT, fingolimod, natalizumab, or ocrelizumab with 2 or more years study follow-up including 2 or more disability assessments. Patients were matched on a propensity score derived from clinical and demographic characteristics.
Exposure: AHSCT vs fingolimod, natalizumab, or ocrelizumab.
Main outcomes: Pairwise-censored groups were compared on annualized relapse rates (ARR) and freedom from relapses and 6-month confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score worsening and improvement.
Results: Of 4915 individuals, 167 were treated with AHSCT; 2558, fingolimod; 1490, natalizumab; and 700, ocrelizumab. The prematch AHSCT cohort was younger and with greater disability than the fingolimod, natalizumab, and ocrelizumab cohorts; the matched groups were closely aligned. The proportion of women ranged from 65% to 70%, and the mean (SD) age ranged from 35.3 (9.4) to 37.1 (10.6) years. The mean (SD) disease duration ranged from 7.9 (5.6) to 8.7 (5.4) years, EDSS score ranged from 3.5 (1.6) to 3.9 (1.9), and frequency of relapses ranged from 0.77 (0.94) to 0.86 (0.89) in the preceding year. Compared with the fingolimod group (769 [30.0%]), AHSCT (144 [86.2%]) was associated with fewer relapses (ARR: mean [SD], 0.09 [0.30] vs 0.20 [0.44]), similar risk of disability worsening (hazard ratio [HR], 1.70; 95% CI, 0.91-3.17), and higher chance of disability improvement (HR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.71-4.26) over 5 years. Compared with natalizumab (730 [49.0%]), AHSCT (146 [87.4%]) was associated with marginally lower ARR (mean [SD], 0.08 [0.31] vs 0.10 [0.34]), similar risk of disability worsening (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.54-2.09), and higher chance of disability improvement (HR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.72-4.18) over 5 years. AHSCT (110 [65.9%]) and ocrelizumab (343 [49.0%]) were associated with similar ARR (mean [SD], 0.09 [0.34] vs 0.06 [0.32]), disability worsening (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 0.61-5.08), and disability improvement (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.66-2.82) over 3 years. AHSCT-related mortality occurred in 1 of 159 patients (0.6%).
Conclusion: In this study, the association of AHSCT with preventing relapses and facilitating recovery from disability was considerably superior to fingolimod and marginally superior to natalizumab. This study did not find evidence for difference in the effectiveness of AHSCT and ocrelizumab over a shorter available follow-up time
Layer-by-layer assembled-composite nanocoating for functionalization of microstructured optical fibers
SBBOS AND PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE: EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, INFLUENCE ON CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES
The paper discusses the main aspects of the pathogenesis and incidence of SBBOS in the small intestine in patients with peptic ulcer of the duodenum associated with persistence of H. pylori; the effect of SBBOS on clinical manifestations. Diagnosis was made using the hydrogen breathing test with lactulose. The study found that SBBOS in patients with peptic ulcer associated with H. pylor is found in 62% and modifies the clinical pattern, prolonging the symptoms of gastric dyspepsia, provokes development of symptoms of intestinal dyspepsia, requires longer duration of treatment to achieve remission (clinical and endoscopic). This is the basis for its treatment
High and low efficacy therapy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
International audienceMeeting Abstrac
High and low efficacy therapy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
International audienceMeeting Abstrac
High and low efficacy therapy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
International audienceMeeting Abstrac
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