4 research outputs found

    Prediction of self-compacting concrete elastic modulus using two symbolic regression techniques

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    yesThis paper introduces a novel symbolic regression approach, namely biogeographical-based programming (BBP), for the prediction of elastic modulus of self-compacting concrete (SCC). The BBP model was constructed directly from a comprehensive dataset of experimental results of SCC available in the literature. For comparison purposes, another new symbolic regression model, namely artificial bee colony programming (ABCP), was also developed. Furthermore, several available formulas for predicting the elastic modulus of SCC were assessed using the collected database. The results show that the proposed BBP model provides slightly closer results to experiments than ABCP model and existing available formulas. A sensitivity analysis of BBP parameters also shows that the prediction by BBP model improves with the increase of habitat size, colony size and maximum tree depth. In addition, among all considered empirical and design code equations, Leemann and Hoffmann and ACI 318-08’s equations exhibit a reasonable performance but Persson and Felekoglu et al.’s equations are highly inaccurate for the prediction of SCC elastic modulus

    Fastighetsbranschen och IoT: Behovet av implementering av IoT i fastighetsbranschen

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    SamhĂ€llets snabba tekniska utveckling har ökat intresset för att effektivisera vardagliga processer för att spara resurser och miljön. Fastighetsbranschen har varit en konservativ bransch nĂ€r det kommer till införande av ny teknik, men förĂ€ndringstrycket har ökat i takt med att företag frĂ„n andra branscher har gĂ„tt in i fastighetsbranschen. IoT-teknik kan ge betydande fördelar inom fastighetsbranschen, sĂ„som övervakning och styrning av byggnadssystem och resurser, vilket kan minska energiförbrukning, underhĂ„llskostnader och öka kundupplevelsen för hyresgĂ€ster. Trots att IoT har varit framgĂ„ngsrik i andra branscher och det finns forskning om behoven, finns det begrĂ€nsad forskning om behovet av IoT inom fastighetsbranschen. ForskningsfrĂ„gan som ska besvaras i studien Ă€r “Hur ser behovet ut för fastighetsĂ€gare att implementera IoT i sina fastigheter?” I denna studie utreder vi vilka behov som finns av uppkopplade fastigheter och införandet av IoT inom fastighetsbranschen utifrĂ„n fastighetsĂ€gares perspektiv. Den hĂ€r kunskapsluckan besvaras genom en kvalitativ kartlĂ€ggning med semistrukturerade intervjuer med fastighetsĂ€gare. Intervjuerna analyseras med hjĂ€lp av tematisk analys dĂ€r vi identifierar teman, kategorier och koder. De övergripande Ă€mnena som diskuteras i resultatet Ă€r vĂ€rdet av IoT, utmaningar i samband med IoT, det framtida behovet av IoT och marknads- och samhĂ€llskrav att implementera IoT. Studiens slutsatser visar hur behovet av IoT i fastighetsbranschen ser ut enligt fastighetsĂ€gare. Vi kan se att behovet finns dels pĂ„ grund av krav frĂ„n samhĂ€llet och konkurrenskraft pĂ„ marknaden men Ă€ven det upplevda vĂ€rdet av IoT för att effektivisera processer och spara resurser. Det finns Ă€ven hinder och utmaningar som behöver överkommas sĂ„som brist pĂ„ kunskap, standardisering och krav pĂ„ integritet för att behovet ska kunna uppfyllas. Till sist har fastighetsĂ€gare förvĂ€ntningar pĂ„ framtida IoT-lösningar och att behovet av IoT kommer att öka.Society's rapid technological development has increased interest in making everyday processes more effective to save resources and the environment. The real estate industry has been a conservative industry when it comes to introducing new technology, but the pressure for change has increased as companies from other industries have entered the real estate industry. IoT technology can provide significant benefits in the real estate industry, such as monitoring and controlling building systems and resources, which can reduce energy consumption, maintenance costs and enhance the customer experience. Although IoT has been successful in other industries, and research on the needs exist, there is limited research on the need for IoT in the real estate industry. The research question to be answered in this study is "What does the need look like for real estate owners to implement IoT in their real estate?" In this study, we investigate the needs of connected real estate and the introduction of IoT within the real estate industry from the perspective of real estate owners. This knowledge gap is answered through a qualitative survey with semistructured interviews with real estate owners. The interviews are analyzed using thematic analysis where we identify themes, categories and codes. The overarching topics discussed in the output are the value of IoT, challenges associated with IoT, the future need for IoT, and market and societal requirements to implement IoT. The study's conclusions show how the need for IoT in the property industry looks according to property owners. We can see that the need exists partly due to demands from society and competitiveness in the market, but also the perceived value of IoT to streamline processes and save resources. There are also obstacles and challenges that need to be overcome such as lack of knowledge, standardization and requirements for integrity in order for the need to be met. Finally, property owners have expectations for future IoT solutions and that the need for IoT will increase

    Fastighetsbranschen och IoT: Behovet av implementering av IoT i fastighetsbranschen

    No full text
    SamhĂ€llets snabba tekniska utveckling har ökat intresset för att effektivisera vardagliga processer för att spara resurser och miljön. Fastighetsbranschen har varit en konservativ bransch nĂ€r det kommer till införande av ny teknik, men förĂ€ndringstrycket har ökat i takt med att företag frĂ„n andra branscher har gĂ„tt in i fastighetsbranschen. IoT-teknik kan ge betydande fördelar inom fastighetsbranschen, sĂ„som övervakning och styrning av byggnadssystem och resurser, vilket kan minska energiförbrukning, underhĂ„llskostnader och öka kundupplevelsen för hyresgĂ€ster. Trots att IoT har varit framgĂ„ngsrik i andra branscher och det finns forskning om behoven, finns det begrĂ€nsad forskning om behovet av IoT inom fastighetsbranschen. ForskningsfrĂ„gan som ska besvaras i studien Ă€r “Hur ser behovet ut för fastighetsĂ€gare att implementera IoT i sina fastigheter?” I denna studie utreder vi vilka behov som finns av uppkopplade fastigheter och införandet av IoT inom fastighetsbranschen utifrĂ„n fastighetsĂ€gares perspektiv. Den hĂ€r kunskapsluckan besvaras genom en kvalitativ kartlĂ€ggning med semistrukturerade intervjuer med fastighetsĂ€gare. Intervjuerna analyseras med hjĂ€lp av tematisk analys dĂ€r vi identifierar teman, kategorier och koder. De övergripande Ă€mnena som diskuteras i resultatet Ă€r vĂ€rdet av IoT, utmaningar i samband med IoT, det framtida behovet av IoT och marknads- och samhĂ€llskrav att implementera IoT. Studiens slutsatser visar hur behovet av IoT i fastighetsbranschen ser ut enligt fastighetsĂ€gare. Vi kan se att behovet finns dels pĂ„ grund av krav frĂ„n samhĂ€llet och konkurrenskraft pĂ„ marknaden men Ă€ven det upplevda vĂ€rdet av IoT för att effektivisera processer och spara resurser. Det finns Ă€ven hinder och utmaningar som behöver överkommas sĂ„som brist pĂ„ kunskap, standardisering och krav pĂ„ integritet för att behovet ska kunna uppfyllas. Till sist har fastighetsĂ€gare förvĂ€ntningar pĂ„ framtida IoT-lösningar och att behovet av IoT kommer att öka.Society's rapid technological development has increased interest in making everyday processes more effective to save resources and the environment. The real estate industry has been a conservative industry when it comes to introducing new technology, but the pressure for change has increased as companies from other industries have entered the real estate industry. IoT technology can provide significant benefits in the real estate industry, such as monitoring and controlling building systems and resources, which can reduce energy consumption, maintenance costs and enhance the customer experience. Although IoT has been successful in other industries, and research on the needs exist, there is limited research on the need for IoT in the real estate industry. The research question to be answered in this study is "What does the need look like for real estate owners to implement IoT in their real estate?" In this study, we investigate the needs of connected real estate and the introduction of IoT within the real estate industry from the perspective of real estate owners. This knowledge gap is answered through a qualitative survey with semistructured interviews with real estate owners. The interviews are analyzed using thematic analysis where we identify themes, categories and codes. The overarching topics discussed in the output are the value of IoT, challenges associated with IoT, the future need for IoT, and market and societal requirements to implement IoT. The study's conclusions show how the need for IoT in the property industry looks according to property owners. We can see that the need exists partly due to demands from society and competitiveness in the market, but also the perceived value of IoT to streamline processes and save resources. There are also obstacles and challenges that need to be overcome such as lack of knowledge, standardization and requirements for integrity in order for the need to be met. Finally, property owners have expectations for future IoT solutions and that the need for IoT will increase

    Institutions, foreign investment and the local state in Kunshan, China

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    -Inspired by Douglass North’s work on the role of institutions in economic structure and change and in particular the role of state institutions, this thesis attempts to explore the process of economic transformation through analyzing state-business community relations in the city of Kunshan, Jiangsu, China. The author uses primary data from Kunshan to demonstrate how the open-door policy of China has led to changes in the institutional environment parallel to the economic transformation. Kunshan’s institutional development is analyzed in terms of two factors. First is ‘autonomy’ as in the ability and capacity of the local state to define and pursue its own development strategy. Second is ‘embeddedness’ as in the local state developing a regular relationship with economic elites that share its goals of economic transformation. These two are seen as complementary necessities for economic transformation. This thesis shows how the local state in Kunshan has strengthened both its capacity and integrity to pursue economic transformation and the actual pursuit of it through closer and more institutionalized relations with the business community
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