New Perspectives for NoSQL Database Design: A Systematic Review

The use of NoSQL databases has increasingly become a trend in software development, mainly due to the expansion of Web 2.0 systems. However, there is not yet a standard to be used for the design of this type of database even with the growing number of studies related to this subject. This paper presents a systematic review looking for new trends regarding strategies used in this context. The result of this process demonstrates that there are still few methodologies for the NoSQL database design and there are no design methodologies capable of working with polyglot persistence

PDDM: A Database Design Method for Polyglot Persistence

Databases by Web 2.0 has revealed the limitations of the relational model related to scalability. This led to the emergence of NoSQL databases, with data storage models other than relational ones. These databases propose solutions to such limitations through horizontal scalability and partially compromise data consistency. The combination of multiple data models, called polyglot persistence, extends these solutions by providing resources for the implementation of complex systems that have components with distinct requirements that would not be possible by the use of only one data model in a satisfactory way. However, there are no consolidated methods for the NoSQL database design and neither methods for design systems that apply the polyglot persistence. This work proposes a database design method applied to systems that use polyglot persistence, combining different data models. This method can be applied to the relational model and aggregate-oriented NoSQL data models. The method defines a set of sub-steps based on the existing concepts of database design. The goal is to define a formal process to assist in defining the data models to be used and to transform the conceptual design into a logical design. The method application is demonstrated in some test cases, in order to show its results and applicability for later execution of the physical design of these databases

Design of high gradient, high repetition rate damped C-band rf structures

The gamma beam system of the European Extreme Light Infrastructure–Nuclear Physics project foresees the use of a multibunch train colliding with a high intensity recirculated laser pulse. The linac energy booster is composed of 12 traveling wave C-band structures, 1.8 m long with a field phase advance per cell of 2π=3 and a repetition rate of 100 Hz. Because of the multibunch operation, the structures have been designed with a dipole higher order mode (HOM) damping system to avoid beam breakup (BBU). They are quasiconstant gradient structures with symmetric input couplers and a very effective damping of the HOMs in each cell based on silicon carbide (SiC) rf absorbers coupled to each cell through waveguides. An optimization of the electromagnetic and mechanical design has been done to simplify the fabrication and to reduce the cost of the structures. In the paper, after a review of the beam dynamics issues related to the BBU effects, we discuss the electromagnetic and thermomechanic design criteria of the structures. We also illustrate the criteria to compensate the beam loading and the rf measurements that show the effectiveness of the HOM damping

PETROLIO E RISORSE ENERGETICHE NELL'ETA' CONTEMPORANEA

Siamo agli sgoccioli, letteralmente: per il petrolio si avvicina ormai la fine, e forse troppo tardi si cercano energie alternative. Eppure il petrolio ha una sua storia: celebrato nella prima metà del Novecento come la più importante risorsa energetica a basso costo – in grado di alimentare la diffusione su scala mondiale di un modello di consumi di massa – è stato messo all’indice negli anni Settanta in quanto causa principale della crisi economica internazionale, per poi tornare, negli ultimi trent’anni, al centro di un confronto pubblico e scientifico legato alla sua insostenibilità ambientale. Alla luce dell’attuale crisi energetica e del dibattito sulla “fine del petrolio”, ecco una riflessione di lungo periodo sulla rilevanza del petrolio nella storia del Novecento, nella quale si evidenziano i molteplici modi in cui l’oro nero ha segnato i rapporti tra i paesi produttori e quelli consumatori. Dal Medio Oriente all’Africa occidentale, dalla periferia del continente americano all’Unione Sovietica, viene qui analizzata l’importanza che l’economia petrolifera ha avuto nel definire le relazioni internazionali, nel consolidare i regimi politici e lavorativi dei paesi produttori, e nel rendere possibile la costruzione di economie e società tutte incentrate sul modello unico del consumo di prodotti petroliferi

Surgical-only treatment of pancreatic and extra-pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Quality of life and survival analysis

Background: Treatment of pancreatic metastases (PM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still an issue between surgeons and oncologists, in the era of target-therapy. Methods: Data from 26 patients undergoing resection of PM and extra-PM from RCC, with R0 intention were retrospectively analysed. No one received adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were divided into two groups; Group A comprehends 14 patients who developed synchronous (5) or methacronous (9) extra-PM. Group B comprehends 12 patients that developed PM only. Results: No intraoperative mortality was recorded. Complications occurred in 14 patients (53.8%), all but 2 (7.26%) were graded I and II according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Recurrences occurred in 8 patients (30.8%), of whom, 5 (62.5%) were submitted for further resections in other sites. Three-, five- and ten-year observed overall survival were respectively 88,5% [95%CI: 0,56 – 1,33], 76,9% [95%CI: 0,47 – 1,19] and 50% [95%CI: 0,20 – 1,03]. Disease-free survival was 65,4% [95%CI: 0,38 – 1,05], at 3 years, 57,7% [95%CI 0, 323 – 0,952] at 5 years and 42,9% [95%CI 0,157 – 0,933], at 10 years. QoL analysis, through WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, assessed at last available follow up revealed a mean score of 75,9 ± 11,6 on 100 points. Conclusion: Despite no significant differences in survival between patients affected by Pancreatic or Extra- Pancreatic metastases, PM patients seems to show better outcome when managed surgically. mRCC patients, eligible for radical metastasectomy, tend to have long survival rates, reduced recurrence rates and good QoL. Study registration: This paper was registered retrospectively in ClinicalTrials.gov with Identification number: NCT03670992

HCC in Elderly Patients. Curative Intraoperative Strategies and Management in Recurrences

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence is growing among general population and especially in elderly patients. Recent development in surgical technique, surgical equipment, interventional radiology, and radiotherapy (hadrontherapy) allows us to use different techniques and approaches in order to treat this cancer. Patients are conventionally considered disease-free after a 10-year recurrence-free period. Commonly, patients remain into a lifelong follow-up and recurrences are treated as they show. In this chapter, we will give description and indications of different curative techniques, especially hepatic resections and Radio-frequency thermal ablation (RFTA). We will also describe and give indications to palliative care techniques such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), Selective Internal Radio-Therapy (SIRT), hadrontherapy, and supportive care. The aim of this chapter is to give information to clinicians and specialists dealing with the disease about the most effective approach to treat HCC, taking into account not only biological age, but also “physiological age,” performance status, comorbidities, and number of liver operative treatments. This chapter highlights that patients advanced in age are in particular need of a tailored medicine, where benefits are well weighted against invasivity of treatment and its side effects, in spite of assuring the best QoL and survival

Microvascularization of the human digit as studied by corrosion casting

The aim of this study was to describe microcirculation in the human digit, focusing on the vascular patterns of its cutaneous and subcutaneous areas. We injected a functional supranumerary human thumb (Wassel type IV) with a low-viscosity acrylic resin through its digital artery. The tissues around the vessels were then digested in hot alkali and the resulting casts treated for scanning electron microscopy. We concentrated on six different areas: the palmar and dorsal side of the skin, the eponychium, the perionychium, the nail bed and the nail root. On the palmar side, many vascular villi were evident: these capillaries followed the arrangement of the fingerprint lines, whereas on the dorsal side they were scattered irregularly inside the dermal papillae. In the hypodermal layer of the palmar area, vascular supports of sweat glands and many arteriovenous anastomoses were visible, along with glomerular-shaped vessels involved in thermic regulation and tactile function. In the eponychium and perionychium, the vascular villi followed the direction of nail growth. In the face of the eponychium in contact with the nail, a wide-mesh net of capillaries was evident. In the nail bed, the vessels were arranged in many longitudinal trabeculae parallel to the major axis of the digit. In the root of the nail, we found many columnar vessels characterized by multiple angiogenic buttons on their surface

HCC in Cirrhotic and Non-cirrhotic Liver: Timing to Surgery and Outcome - State of the Art

In this chapter we aim at presenting the state of the art in liver surgery. After a brief introduction about natural evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) either in cirrhotic or non-cirrhotic patients, this manuscript will focus on planning and timing surgery: CT evaluation of the remnant liver; biopsy and ultrasonography (US) evaluation of liver disease; intraoperative US; surgical techniques, such as major and limited hepatectomies and two-stage hepatectomies, each of them in open or mini-invasive approach; and their possible complications. Follow-up and further interventions during expected recurrences will be highlighted. Our chapter will also treat topics such as patient’s quality of life, importance of multidisciplinary evaluation and the role of surgeon in it

DIAGNÓSTICO E ANÁLISE DO DESCARTE DE MEDICAMENTOS REALIZADOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE XAXIM-SC

The search for new technologies and the advancement of science in the pharmaceutical industry, together with the media, have contributed to the unbridled consumption of medicines, causing an accumulation of expired medicines or medicines that are no longer being used and, because of this, they are disposed of in regular garbage or landfills. The objective of the present study was to diagnose the destination given to expired or unused medicines in homes. For this, a field research was carried out with the residents of the Germanic Quarter of the city of Xaxim, investigating the degree of knowledge of the interviewees about the existence of appropriate places for the disposal of medicines. The research was carried out in loco, in residences, between April 22 and May 31, 2019. Data collection took place after the presentation of the research objectives and signature of the consent form of the interviewee. The study had the participation of 76 individuals, of which 61 were female and the remaining 15 were male. It was found that most respondents have little knowledge about the consequences of incorrect disposal of medicines. It is concluded that more than half of the interviewees (56%) have the habit of disposing of drugs properly in the Central Health Institution of the Municipality.La búsqueda de nuevas tecnologías y el avance de la ciencia en la industria farmacéutica, junto con los medios de comunicación, han contribuido al consumo desenfrenado de medicamentos, provocando una acumulación de medicamentos caducados o que ya no se utilizan y, por ello, se eliminan en la basura normal o en vertederos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar el destino que se le da a los medicamentos vencidos o no utilizados en los domicilios. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de campo con los pobladores del Barrio Germánico de la ciudad de Xaxim, indagando el grado de conocimiento de los entrevistados sobre la existencia de lugares apropiados para el desecho de medicamentos. La investigación fue realizada in loco, en residencias, entre el 22 de abril y el 31 de mayo de 2019. La recolección de datos ocurrió después de la presentación de los objetivos de la investigación y firma del consentimiento informado del entrevistado. El estudio contó con la participación de 76 individuos, de los cuales 61 fueron del sexo femenino y los 15 restantes del sexo masculino. Se constató que la mayoría de los encuestados tienen poco conocimiento sobre las consecuencias del descarte incorrecto de medicamentos. Se concluye que más de la mitad de los entrevistados (56%) tienen el hábito de desechar adecuadamente los medicamentos en la Institución Central de Salud del Municipio.A busca por novas tecnologias e o avanço da ciência na indústria farmacêutica, em conjunto com a mídia, contribuíram para o consumo desenfreado pelo uso de medicamentos, originando um acúmulo de medicamentos vencidos ou que já não estão sendo utilizados e, por conta disso, são descartados no lixo comum ou em aterros. O objetivo do presente estudo foi diagnosticar a destinação dada aos medicamentos vencidos ou em desuso nas residências. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com os moradores do Bairro Germânico do município de Xaxim, investigando o grau de conhecimento dos entrevistados sobre a existência de locais apropriados para o descarte de medicamentos. A pesquisa foi realizada in loco, em residências, entre os dias 22 de abril e 31 de maio de 2019. A coleta de dados ocorreu após a apresentação dos objetivos da pesquisa e assinatura do termo de consentimento do entrevistado. O estudo contou com a participação de 76 indivíduos, sendo que destes 61 pertencem ao sexo feminino e os 15 restantes ao sexo masculino. Foi constatado que a maioria dos entrevistados apresentam pouco conhecimento sobre as consequências do descarte incorreto de medicamentos.  Conclui-se que mais da metade dos entrevistados (56%) possui o hábito de descartar os fármacos de maneira adequada na Instituição de Saúde Central do Município