Llançament de coets de paper propulsats amb alumnes de primària

En aquest article presentem una activitat realitzada durant els anys 2013 i 2014, en el marc del projecte CROMA amb estudiants de cicle mitjà i superior d'educació primària. En aquesta activitat s'ha utilitzat una llançadora d'aire comprimit per propulsar coets de paper fets per nens i nenes de 9 a 11 anys, la qual cosa els ha permès realitzar un estudi dels factors que intervenen en que l'abast del coet sigui major o menor. L'article descriu el ma-terial utilitzat, l'estructura de l'activitat i les valoracions documentades a partir de les inter-vencions realitzades.In this paper we present a teaching activity carried out in 2013 and 2014, within the framework of the CROMA project with primary school students (Grades 3-6). In this teach-ing activity a compressed air rocket launcher was used to propel paper rockets built by 9 - 11 year-old pupils. Building and launching their own paper rockets allow them to analyze factors that affect the scope the rocket reaches. The paper describes the material used to build and launch the rockets, the structure of the teaching activity and its evaluation docu-mented from the enactments carried out

El Scratch com a eina de modelització computacional

La plataforma virtual Scratch, que compta amb un llenguatge de programació senzill i adaptat per alumnes de primària i secundària, té cada vegada més adeptes en els centres educatius, ja que representa una oportunitat com a eina per a que alumnat i professorat puguin construir models científics escolars i avaluar el seu comportament. En aquest article discutirem per què Scratch pot arribar a ser una bona eina per a la modelització computacional en els cursos de ciències de primària i secundària, comparant-lo amb altres programaris de modelització i presentant exemples pràctics del seu ús per construir un modelScratch is a virtual platform which uses an easy programming language adapted to primary and secondary school students. It has increasingly recognition and more and more users from educational centres since it allow students and teachers to build school science models and to evaluate their behaviour. In this paper, we discuss Scratch as a computer modelling tool to teach and to learn science in primary and secondary school, comparing it to other ICT tools. We also present practical examples on how to use it to build a mode

Scratch as a computational modelling tool for teaching physics

The Scratch online authoring tool, which features a simple programming language that has been adapted to primary and secondary students, is being used more and more in schools as it offers students and teachers the opportunity to use a tool to build scientific models and evaluate their behaviour, just as can be done with computational modelling programs. In this article, we briefly discuss why Scratch could be a useful tool for computational modelling in the primary or secondary physics classroom, and we present practical examples of how it can be used to build a mode

Poverty, social exclusion, and mental health: the role of the family context in children aged 7–11 years INMA mother-and-child cohort study

Mental health problems are common in childhood and tend to be more frequent in populations at risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE). The family environment can play a role in reducing the impact of economic hardship on these problems. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of multidimensional poverty on the mental health of children aged 7–11 years and the role of the family environment in two areas of Spain. Participants were 395 and 382 children aged 7 and 11 from Gipuzkoa and Valencia, respectively. Internalizing and externalizing problem scales of the child behaviour checklist (CBCL) were used. AROPE indicators were obtained by questionnaire, and three dimensions of the family context (Organization of the Physical Environment and Social Context, Parental Stress and Conflict, and Parental Profile Fostering Development) were measured through subscales 3, 4 and 5 of the Haezi-Etxadi family assessment scale (7–11) (HEFAS 7–11), respectively. Data were analysed using negative binomial regression and Structural Equation Modelling. AROPE prevalence was 7.1 and 34.5% in Gipuzkoa and Valencia, respectively. In both cohorts, there was a significant increase in internalizing and externalizing problems among participants with a higher AROPE score. However, AROPE did not affect internalizing problems in children from families living in a better physical environment and with social support (Subscale 3). The AROPE effect was jointly mediated by subscales 4 and 5 in 42 and 62% of internalizing and externalizing problems, respectively. Preventing economic inequities by economic compensation policies, improving the neighbourhood and immediate environment around the school, and promoting positive parenting programmes can improve mental health in childhood.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This study was funded by Grants from the European Union (FP7-ENV-2011 code 282957 and HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1), Spain Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041, FIS-FEDER PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/0867, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/00090, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI13/02187, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI17/00663, and PI19/01338), Generalitat Valenciana Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO) (UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249), Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Department of Health of the Basque Government (2005111093, 2009111069, 2013111089 and 2015111065), and the Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001 and DFG15/221) and annual agreements with the municipalities of the study area (Zumarraga, Urretxu, Legazpi, Azkoitia, Azpeitia, and Beasain)

El papel de las TIC en la enseñanza de las ciencias en secundaria desde la perspectiva de la práctica científica

Ante el amplio abanico de TICs disponibles en las clases de ciencia, el marco de la práctica científica y sus tres dimensiones (modelización, indagación y argumentación) ayudan a definir el papel de estas herramientas digitales en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las ciencias en secundaria. En este artículo se discute qué implica promover la práctica científica en el aula de ciencias mediante el uso de TICs, clasificando estas herramientas en función de la actividad que facilitan o promueven: recoger y analizar datos experimentales, visualizar y analizar fenómenos virtuales, expresar modelos con soporte digital, y compartir información para argumentar en ciencias. A continuación, se discute qué tipo de herramientas pueden ser especialmente privilegiadas en cada uno de los principales momentos didácticos clave necesarias para una buena secuencia de enseñanza - aprendizaje

Considering and interpreting leisure: pastimes, entertainments, hobbies and addictions in the Barcelona of 1900

Coordinació: Teresa-M. SalaIn the throes of modernization, the Barcelona of 1900 was buzzing with energy and an unprecedented culture of leisure emerged. The city’s residents made full use of their free time, forging relationships with one another through a highly varied range of initiatives and activities, taking advantage of existing opportunities and creating new ones. In addition to the traditional celebration of civic festivals, popular meals and various types of processions, innovative new forms of cultural consumption sprang up to satisfy all tastes and budgets. Numerous cinemas opened, the first amusement parks threw open their gates and new theatres raised their curtains. Thanks to these developments, the vicinity around the avenue Paral·lel became the epicentre of Barcelona nightlife. This book offers a panoply of images of the diversions, entertainments and hobbies of that fascinating era of contrasts, the turn-of-the-century Barcelona of Modernisme

Predictive Power of the "Trigger Tool" for the detection of adverse events in general surgery: a multicenter observational validation study

Background In spite of the global implementation of standardized surgical safety checklists and evidence-based practices, general surgery remains associated with a high residual risk of preventable perioperative complications and adverse events. This study was designed to validate the hypothesis that a new “Trigger Tool” represents a sensitive predictor of adverse events in general surgery. Methods An observational multicenter validation study was performed among 31 hospitals in Spain. The previously described “Trigger Tool” based on 40 specific triggers was applied to validate the predictive power of predicting adverse events in the perioperative care of surgical patients. A prediction model was used by means of a binary logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of adverse events among a total of 1,132 surgical cases included in this study was 31.53%. The “Trigger Tool” had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55% respectively for predicting these adverse events. A total of 12 selected triggers of overall 40 triggers were identified for optimizing the predictive power of the “Trigger Tool”. Conclusions The “Trigger Tool” has a high predictive capacity for predicting adverse events in surgical procedures. We recommend a revision of the original 40 triggers to 12 selected triggers to optimize the predictive power of this tool, which will have to be validated in future studies

Management of acute diverticulitis with pericolic free gas (ADIFAS). an international multicenter observational study

Background: There are no specific recommendations regarding the optimal management of this group of patients. The World Society of Emergency Surgery suggested a nonoperative strategy with antibiotic therapy, but this was a weak recommendation. This study aims to identify the optimal management of patients with acute diverticulitis (AD) presenting with pericolic free air with or without pericolic fluid. Methods: A multicenter, prospective, international study of patients diagnosed with AD and pericolic-free air with or without pericolic free fluid at a computed tomography (CT) scan between May 2020 and June 2021 was included. Patients were excluded if they had intra-abdominal distant free air, an abscess, generalized peritonitis, or less than a 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome was the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the index admission. Secondary outcomes included the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the first year and risk factors for failure. Results: A total of 810 patients were recruited across 69 European and South American centers; 744 patients (92%) were treated nonoperatively, and 66 (8%) underwent immediate surgery. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Hinchey II-IV on diagnostic imaging was the only independent risk factor for surgical intervention during index admission (odds ratios: 12.5, 95% CI: 2.4-64, P =0.003). Among patients treated nonoperatively, at index admission, 697 (94%) patients were discharged without any complications, 35 (4.7%) required emergency surgery, and 12 (1.6%) percutaneous drainage. Free pericolic fluid on CT scan was associated with a higher risk of failure of nonoperative management (odds ratios: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.2-19.9, P =0.023), with 88% of success compared to 96% without free fluid ( P <0.001). The rate of treatment failure with nonoperative management during the first year of follow-up was 16.5%. Conclusion: Patients with AD presenting with pericolic free gas can be successfully managed nonoperatively in the vast majority of cases. Patients with both free pericolic gas and free pericolic fluid on a CT scan are at a higher risk of failing nonoperative management and require closer observation

Contrapicados y puntos de fuga. Las otras historias de la historia de la filosofía

Depto. de Lógica y Filosofía TeóricaFac. de FilosofíaFALSEsubmitte