Avaliação da inclusão social de alunos da associação de pais e amigos dos excepcionais – APAE de Criciúma/SC com diagnóstico clínico de paralisia cerebral

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso, apresentado para a obtenção do grau de Bacharel no curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESCRESUMO: A prevalência de pessoas portadoras de deficiência física é expressiva, especialmente nos países em via de desenvolvimento como Brasil. A prática da inclusão social repousa em princípios até então considerados incomuns, tais como: a aceitação das deficiências individuais, a valorização de cada pessoa, a convivência dentro da diversidade humana, a aprendizagem através da cooperação O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a inclusão social de alunos da Associação de Pais e Amigos do Excepcional – APAE – Criciúma/SC com diagnóstico clínico de Paralisia Cerebral. Como metodologia para realização do presente estudo foi utilizado um questionário dirigido a diretora APAE, outro dirigido aos pais ou cuidadadores, uma avaliação fioterapeutica e o Índice de Barthel. Das 13 crianças que participaram do estudo 53% dos pacientes faziam uso de transporte públicos dos quais 30,8% encontrava dificuldade na utilização tanto de transportes como de locais públicos. Do total da amostra, 69,2% participam em atividades de lazer e apenas 1 (7,7%) frequenta o ensino regular. Conclui-se que existem pais que encontram alguma dificuldade tanto na questão de frequentar locais públicos como de usar os transportes coletivos. A APAE é o local que os pais sentem maior segurança em deixar os seus filhos

Emulsions preparation based on ternary phase diagrams: comparative study using two oils (Miglyol and sweet almond) with two distinct surfactants (Tween 80 and Saponin)

An emulsion is a colloidal dispersion composed by a mixture of two immiscible liquids, being one the dispersed phase, as droplets, and the other one the continuous phase. In this work, a comparative study comprising the surfactants Tween 80 (synthetic surfactant) and Saponin (natural surfactant) and the oils Miglyol 812 and Sweet Almond was performed. The development of emulsions based on ternary phase diagrams showed that different phases can be formed giving rise to different formulations: microemulsions, gels, and mixtures with 1, 2 and 3 phases. The application of the HPH technique produced stable nanoemulsions with narrow distributions. Considering Tween 80, and comparing the two oils, Miglyol 812 gave rise to emulsions with lower particle size (0.023μm), comparatively to Sweet Almond Oil (1.009μm). This difference can be related with the oil viscosity, which is lower for Miglyol 812. Comparing the two surfactants, natural Saponin was very effective in the o/w composition range.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Saponins as natural emulsifiers for nanoemulsions

The awareness of sustainability approaches has focused attention on replacing synthetic emulsifiers with natural alternatives when formulating nanoemulsions. In this context, a comprehensive review of the different types of saponins being successfully used to form and stabilize nanoemulsions is presented, highlighting the most common natural sources and biosynthetic routes. Processes for their extraction and purification are also reviewed altogether with the recent advances for their characterization. Concerning the preparation of the nanoemulsions containing saponins, the focus has been initially given to screening methods, lipid phase used, and production procedures, but their characterization and delivery systems explored are also discussed. Most experimental outcomes showed that the saponins present high performance, but the challenges associated with the saponins’ broader application, mainly the standardization for industrial use, are identified. Future perspectives report, among others, the emerging biotechnological processes and the use of byproducts in a circular economy context.This work was financially supported by Base Funding − UIDB/00690/2020 of CIMO − Centro de Investigação de Montanha funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC), Funding UIDB/50020/2020 and UIDP/50020/2020 of LSRE-LCM funded by national funds through FCT/ MCTES (PIDDAC), and project AIProc-Mat@N2020 − NORTE-01-0145-FEDER 000006 supported by NORTE 2020 under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through ERDF. T.B.S. thanks FCT and European Social Fund (ESF) for the Ph.D. grant (2020.05564.BD).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

INFRAESTRUTURA VERDE DA CIDADE DE SALTO PARA O ROTEIRO DOS BANDEIRANTES

This article is based on surveys and researches performed for the development of a work for the Subject Sustainable Design of the Program of Post-graduation of the School of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo. It focus the Green Infrastructure of the Roteiro dos Bandeirantes¹ (Bandeirantes’ Route). Due to its historical importance this Route takes part of the National Tourism Program and led to the occupation of São Paulo State countryside, which began during early 16th Century. That region is located in a transition zone between the Atlantic Plateau and the Peripheral Depression, region of scenic value and high ecotourism potential. Based on researches performed specifically for the Salto City, this article aims to analyze the city considering the criteria of Green and Blue seals of the State Secretariat of Environment and LAB Verde Seal, of the University of São Paulo. Furthermore, it is intended to propose adjustments to highlight and enhance the Roteiro dos Bandeirantes at that region, integrating it to the city and aiming to make it more resilient and sustainable._______________¹ Bandeirantes were the members of colonial exploratory expeditions. Este artigo está baseado em estudos e pesquisas realizadas para o desenvolvimento de um trabalho para a Disciplina de Projeto Sustentável do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo, trabalho este voltado para a Infraestrutura Verde do Roteiro dos Bandeirantes. O Roteiro dos Bandeirantes faz parte do programa nacional de turismo pela sua importância histórica que levou à ocupação do interior paulista, que teve seu início no começo no século XVI. A região está localizada em uma zona de transição entre o Planalto Atlântico e a Depressão Periférica, região de valor cênico e alto potencial eco turístico. De acordo com as pesquisas realizadas especificamente para a cidade de Salto, o artigo se propõe a analisar a cidade baseando-se nos critérios dos selos Verde e Azul da Secretaria Estadual do Meio Ambiente e do Selo LAB Verde da Universidade de São Paulo. Além disso, pretende-se propor adequações para evidenciar e valorizar o Roteiro dos Bandeirantes na região, integrando-o à cidade também com a finalidade de torná-la mais resiliente e sustentável

KITE : high-performance accurate modelling of electronic structure and response functions of large molecules, disordered crystals and heterostructures

We present KITE, a general purpose open-source tight-binding software for accurate real-space simulations of electronic structure and quantum transport properties of large-scale molecular and condensed systems with tens of billions of atomic orbitals (N ∼ 10^10). KITE’s core is written in C++, with a versatile Python-based interface, and is fully optimized for shared memory multi-node CPU architectures, thus scalable, efficient and fast. At the core of KITE is a seamless spectral expansion of lattice Green’s functions, which enables large-scale calculations of generic target functions with uniform convergence and fine control over energy resolution. Several functionalities are demonstrated, ranging from simulations of local density of states and photo-emission spectroscopy of disordered materials to large-scale computations of optical conductivity tensors and real-space wave-packet propagation in the presence of magneto-static fields and spin–orbit coupling. On-the-fly calculations of real-space Green’s functions are carried out with an efficient domain decomposition technique, allowing KITE to achieve nearly ideal linear scaling in its multi-threading performance. Crystalline defects and disorder, including vacancies, adsorbates and charged impurity centres, can be easily set up with KITE’s intuitive interface, paving the way to user-friendly large-scale quantum simulations of equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties of molecules, disordered crystals and heterostructures subject to a variety of perturbations and external conditions

Evaluation of saponin-rich extracts as natural alternative emulsifiers: A comparative study with pure Quillaja Bark saponin

Due to synthetic surfactants' environmental impact, their replacement by natural alternatives has gained relevance, with saponins emerging as sustainable approaches. In this work, three saponin-rich extracts from different sources (Tribulus terrestris (TT), Trigonella foenum-graecum (FG), and Ruscus aculeatus (RA)) were tested as emulsifiers, and their performance compared with Quillaja Bark saponin (PS). Characterisation comprised FTIR, solubility studies, CMC assays, and emulsifying properties (emulsifying capacity (EC) and foaming capacity (FC)). For all samples, solubility assays indicated high solubility in water and low in apolar solvents (e.g., n-hexane), compatible with their O/W emulsifier character. In general, the saponin content ruled extracts' performance (PS > TT > FG > RA). EC values (without pH adjustment) were found to be 82.5, 55.0, 47.5, 36.3%, respectively. When pH changed for 7 and 9, a shift in FG and RA order was observed. The pseudo-ternary diagrams, constructed to map emulsion's composition zones, indicate the formation of single-phase systems in the region of low oil and high extract content. Except for RA extract, gel samples were formed, which are interesting technological solutions for several applications. Among the studied samples, and in alternative to PS, TT extract showed the best performance.This work was financially supported by: Base Funding – UIDB/00690/2020 of CIMO – Centro de Investigação de Montanha – funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC), Base Funding – UIDB/50020/2020 of the Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM – funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC), and project AIProcMat@ N2020 – NORTE-01-0145-FEDER 000006 supported by NORTE 2020 under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through ERDF. National funding by FCT, Foundation for Science and Technology, through the individual research Grant 2020.05564. BD of Tatiana La Banca Schreiner. FCT, PI, through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for I.P. Fernandes contract through the celebration of program-contract foreseen in No. 4, 5 and 6 of article 23º of Decree-Law No. 57/2016, of 29th August, amended by Law No. 57/ 2017, of 19th July.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Formulation and optimization of nanoemulsions using the natural surfactant saponin from Quillaja bark

Replacing synthetic surfactants by natural alternatives when formulating nanoemulsions has gained attention as a sustainable approach. In this context, nanoemulsions based on sweet almond oil and stabilized by saponin from Quillaja bark with glycerol as cosurfactant were prepared by the high-pressure homogenization method. The e ects of oil/water (O/W) ratio, total surfactant amount, and saponin/glycerol ratio on their stability were analyzed. The formation and stabilization of the oil-in-water nanoemulsions were analyzed through the evaluation of stability over time, pH, zeta potential, and particle size distribution analysis. Moreover, a design of experiments was performed to assess the most suitable composition based on particle size and stability parameters. The prepared nanoemulsions are, in general, highly stable over time, showing zeta potential values lower than 40 mV, a slight acid behavior due to the character of the components, and particle size (in volume) in the range of 1.1 to 4.3 m. Response surface methodology revealed that formulations using an O/W ratio of 10/90 and 1.5 wt% surfactant resulted in lower particle sizes and zeta potential, presenting higher stability. The use of glycerol did not positively a ect the formulations, which reinforces the suitability of preparing highly stable nanoemulsions based on natural surfactants such as saponins.This research was funded by (1) AIProcMat@N2020-Advanced Industrial Processes and Materials for a Sustainable Northern Region of Portugal 2020, with the reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000006, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); (2) Base Funding—UIDB/50020/2020 of the Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM—funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC); and (3) Base Funding—(UIDB/00690/2020) of CIMO—Centro de Investigação de Montanha—funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Saponin-based natural nanoemulsions as alpha-tocopherol delivery systems for dermal applications

Nanoemulsions can be produced using simple methods and compounds from natural sources. They can increase water dispersibility and bioavailability and optimise active ingredient dispersion in particular skin layers. Lipophilic compounds of the vitamin E family (tocopherols and tocotrienols) are well-known for their high antioxidant activity and capacity to protect the skin from oxidative stress. In this context, oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsions with and without α-tocopherol (Vitamin E, VE) were formulated with two emulsifier alternatives, Quillaja saponin (QS), and a combination of QS with Tribulus terrestris (QSTT) (50/50, w/w). The emulsions were evaluated concerning stability, microstructure, droplet size, colour attributes, encapsulation efficiency, UV photostability, antioxidant activity, and in vitro permeation studies to assess the delivery potential. Results showed highly stable systems, with round-shape droplets of 80–121 nm size. QS and QSTT samples' colours were close to white and light brownish, respectively. The topical nano cream had the capacity to entrap VE, producing a protective effect from UV degradation, and very significant antioxidant activity, with IC50 values around 0.01 %wt. The skin permeation profiles showed the efficiency of the formulations in the delivery of VE, with permeabilities between 64 and 74 µg/cm2, while the control sample showed no VE permeation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Solubility and solid phase studies of isomeric phenolic acids in pure solvents

The solubilities of gallic, protocatechuic, gentisic or α-resorcylic acids were measured in nine pure solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile and dimethylformamide) at 298.15 K and 313.15 K, using the analytical isothermal shake-flask method. Additionally, solid phase studies of the selected phenolic acids were carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), giving access to important data on melting properties as well as on the structure of the solid phase before and after the dissolution. The NRTL-SAC model coupled to the reference solvent approach (RSA) were applied to correlate the solubility data in a set of seven solvents and, after used to predict the solubility in 1-propanol and dimethylformamide. Average relative deviations (ARD) between 28 and 40% for the correlation and between 16 and 59% for the predictions were obtained. These values are within the order of magnitude usually found for such type of semi-predictive models, using a limited set of data.This work is supported by: Project “AIProcMat@N2020 - Advanced Industrial Processes and Materials for a Sustainable Northern Region of Portugal 2020”, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006984 – Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM funded by ERDF through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI); Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030463 financed by COMPETE and Portugal2020 and national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia . We also acknowledge the support of CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679 (Ref. FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013 ). Appendix Ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

THE PRENATAL NURSING CONSULTATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF KRISTEN SWANSON'S THEORY OF CARE

Objective: to understand the meanings attributed by Amazonian women regarding the prenatal nursing consultation.Method: descriptive, exploratory, and qualitative study, conducted through semi-structured interviews with the participation of 14 pregnant women in a basic health unit in the State of Pará, Brazil, between the months of August and November 2020. Data were transcribed and submitted to content analysis and supported based on the optics of Kristen Swanson's Theory of Care.Results: prenatal care must be focused on creating a bond and the Amazonian woman's singularity, allowing for her understanding to meet the women's specificities, articulating integral health care, a relationship of knowing and being with the woman and her family, for relationships of exchange and involvement, providing a link to maternal health.Conclusion: concepts from the theory of care allow the nurse to be with the woman and provide individualized, singular, particularized care within the context of prenatal care