Orofacial Esthetic Scale and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire: Development and psychometric properties of the Finnish version

To develop the Finnish version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES-Fi) and the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ-Fi) and estimate the psychometric properties of these instruments applied to adult Finns.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cost analysis of dalbavancin versus standard of care for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) in two Italian hospitals

The study was presented at the 21st Conference of the National Society of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine ‘Congresso Nazionale Società Italiana Malattie Infettive e Tropicali’, 20–23 November 2022, Rome, Italy (Poster PP259).OBJECTIVES: Thanks to its long half-life, dalbavancin qualifies as an optimal drug for saving costs. We aimed to assess the cost and effectiveness of dalbavancin versus the standard of care (SoC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thanks to its long half-life, dalbavancin qualifies as an optimal drug for saving costs. We aimed to assess the cost and effectiveness of dalbavancin versus the standard of care (SoC). RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-six of 228 (55.3%) patients received SoC, while 102/228 (44.7%) received dalbavancin. Twenty-seven of the 102 (26.5%) patients received dalbavancin as first-line treatment, 46 (45.1%) as second-line, and 29 (28.4%) as third- or higher-line treatment. Most patients received dalbavancin as monotherapy (62/102; 60.8%). Compared with SoC, dalbavancin was associated with a significant reduction of LOS (5 ± 7.47 days for dalbavancin, 9.2 ± 5.59 days for SoC; P < 0.00001) and with lower mean direct medical costs (3470 ± 2768€ for dalbavancin; 3493 ± 1901€ for SoC; P = 0.9401). LOS was also reduced for first-line dalbavancin, in comparison with second-, third- or higher-line groups, and for dalbavancin monotherapy versus combination therapy. Mean direct medical costs were significantly lower in first-line dalbavancin compared with higher lines, but no cost difference was observed between monotherapy and combination therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Monotherapy with first-line dalbavancin was confirmed as a promising strategy for ABSSSIs in real-life settings, thanks to its property in reducing LOS and saving direct medical costs.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/4039School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH

Self-perception of orofacial appearance : Brazil–Finland cross-national study

Objective: (i) To study the measurement invariance of Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ), (ii) to compare the perception of orofacial appearance (OA) and (iii) to study the frequency of individuals who have sought or received aesthetic dental treatment between Brazil and Finland. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study with snowball non-probability sample selection. Students and staff from universities in Finland and Brazil were invited to participate. Data were collected online using a demographic questionnaire, OES and PIDAQ. The samples consisted of 3636 Finns (75.0% female; age: 32.0 years) and 1468 Brazilians (72.6% female; age: 33.2 years). The frequency of receiving aesthetic dental treatment was estimated. If configurational invariance was observed, cross-national measurement invariance was verified by multigroup analysis. When measurement invariance was attested, factor scores were compared using Welch’s t-test. Results: OES showed configurational and measurement invariance and no significant difference between the countries. Despite similarity in satisfaction with OA, 71.9% of Brazilians had received aesthetic dental treatment, while 59.4% of Finns had never sought such treatments. PIDAQ did not present configurational invariance between the countries. Conclusion: Although there is no difference in satisfaction with OA, seeking and receiving aesthetic dental treatment is significantly greater for Brazilians. Psychosocial impact of OA is perceived differently in the studied countries.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Effect of treatment of severe malocclusion and related factors on oral health-related quality of life

Abstract Malocclusions and dentofacial deformities associate with physical, psychological and social functioning, which are included in the concept of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). It is not clear, however, how different aspects related to malocclusion are associated with OHRQoL and how the possible associations interrelate during treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treatment of severe malocclusion and related functional and esthetic changes on OHRQoL in adult patients who undergo orthodontic or orthodontic-surgical treatment. The study group comprised ninety-four adults (34 men and 60 women, age range 18–64 years) with severe malocclusion and considerable functional problem who were referred for orthodontic or orthodontic-surgical treatment in the Oral and Maxillofacial Department at Oulu University Hospital. Data were collected using questionnaires, dental casts, dental photographs and clinical examinations before and after treatment. OHRQoL (OHIP-14), facial pain and satisfaction with dental esthetics were measured with questionnaires. The methods to measure malocclusion, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and dental esthetics were the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index, the Helkimo index and the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the IOTN. Before treatment, associations between severity of malocclusion, TMD, facial pain and OHRQoL differed between genders. OHRQoL, malocclusion, signs and symptoms of TMD, facial pain and satisfaction with dental esthetics improved significantly during the follow-up. The greatest improvement was seen in the OHRQoL dimensions psychological discomfort, physical pain and psychological disability. Improvement in satisfaction with dental esthetics and decreased facial pain associated with improved OHRQoL. In conclusion, treatment of severe malocclusion considerably improves OHRQoL. Especially satisfaction with dental esthetics and facial pain seem to be aspects that contribute to patients’ OHRQoL. Thus, the importance of dental esthetics and facial pain for patients should not be underestimated when making treatment decisions and assessing outcome.Tiivistelmä Purentavirheet sekä hampaiston ja kasvojen poikkeavuudet ovat yhteydessä fyysiseen, psyykkiseen ja sosiaaliseen toimintaan. Suunterveyteen liittyvä elämänlaatu on käsite, joka sisältää nämä fyysiset, psyykkiset ja sosiaaliset osa-alueet. On kuitenkin epäselvää, miten purentavirheeseen liittyvät eri näkökohdat ja niiden muutokset ovat yhteydessä suunterveyteen liittyvään elämänlaatuun ja sen muutoksiin hoidon aikana. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli tutkia vaikean purentavirheen hoidon ja siihen liittyvien toiminnallisten ja esteettisten muutosten vaikutusta elämänlaatuun aikuispotilailla, joille tehtiin oikomishoito tai oikomishoito yhdistettynä leukakirurgiseen hoitoon. Tutkimusryhmän muodostivat 94 aikuista (34 miestä ja 60 naista, ikäjakauma 18–64 vuotta), joilla oli vaikea purentavirhe ja siihen liittyvä huomattava toiminnallinen haitta, ja jotka oli lähetetty ortodontiseen tai ortodontis-kirurgiseen hoitoon Oulun yliopistollisen sairaalan hammas- ja suusairauksien klinikalle. Tiedot kerättiin kyselylomakkeiden, kipsimallien, suuvalokuvien ja kliinisten tutkimusten avulla ennen hoitoa ja sen jälkeen. Suunterveyteen liittyvää elämänlaatua (OHIP-14), kasvokipua ja hampaiden ulkonäköön liittyvää tyytyväisyyttä mitattiin kyselykaavakkeella. Purentavirheen, purentaelimistön toimintahäiriöiden ja hampaiden ulkonäön mittaamiseen käytettiin PAR-indeksiä, Helkimo-indeksiä ja IOTN:n ulkonäköosiota. Purentavirheen vaikeusasteen, purentaelimistön toimintahäiriöiden, kasvokivun ja suunterveyteen liittyvän elämänlaadun väliset yhteydet erosivat ennen hoitoa naisten ja miesten välillä. Suunterveyteen liittyvä elämänlaatu, purenta, purentaelimistön toimintahäiriöt, kasvokipu ja tyytyväisyys hampaiden ulkonäköön paranivat seuranta-aikana. Suurin paraneminen havaittiin elämänlaadun osa-alueissa psyykkinen epämukavuus, kipu ja psyykkinen haitta. Hampaiden ulkonäön paraneminen ja kasvokivun väheneminen olivat yhteydessä suunterveyteen liittyvän elämänlaadun paranemiseen. Vaikean purentavirheen hoito paransi merkitsevästi suunterveyteen liittyvää elämänlaatua. Mitatuista muuttujista etenkin tyytyväisyys hampaiden ulkonäköön ja kasvokipu näyttävät olevan merkittäviä potilaan suunterveyteen liittyvän elämänlaadun kannalta. Tästä syystä hampaiden ulkonäön ja kasvokivun merkitystä potilaille ei tulisi aliarvioida hoitopäätöstä tehtäessä ja hoitotulosta arvioitaessa

Profile shape variation and sexual dimorphism amongst middle-aged Northern Europeans.

AIM: To explore profile shape variation in a large population of middle-aged individuals and investigate features of sexual dimorphism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Facial profile photographs of 1776 individuals (964 females and 812 males; 46 years old), members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966), were uploaded and digitized with Viewbox software. Profile shape was defined with 47 landmarks (4 fixed and 43 sliding semi-landmarks). Digitized images were reoriented and scaled with Procrustes Superimposition, and shape variation was determined with a Principal Component Analysis. RESULTS: More than 90 per cent of profile shape variation was explained by Principal Components (PC) 1-9. PC1, explaining the largest amount of variation (33.1 per cent) described changes in facial convexity, slope of the forehead, lip, and chin protuberance. PC2 (23.1 per cent variation) was more related to vertical changes of the lower facial third and PC3 (11 per cent variation) primarily described changes in lip protrusion and nasal projection. Shape analysis showed a significant difference between the average female and the average male profile shape (P {\textless} 0.001); however, this was not evident upon visual observation. The shape variable most associated with sex was PC3 (η 2 = 0.245; P {\textless} 0.001), which described changes in lip prominence and in projection of the dorsal nasal surface. An additional discriminant analysis showed that profile shape predicted sex in 76 per cent of males and 79.6 per cent of females. CONCLUSIONS: There is significant sexual dimorphism in facial profile among middle-aged adults. Profile shape variation was associated to changes in lip protrusion, nasal protuberance, and chin projection

Incisor Occlusion Affects Profile Shape Variation in Middle-Aged Adults

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of overjet and overbite on profile shape in middleâEuro"aged individuals. Methods: The study population comprised 1754 46-year-old individuals, members of the 1966 Northern Finland Birth Cohort. Their profile images were digitized using 48 landmarks and semi-landmarks. The subsequent landmark coordinates were then transformed to shape coordinates through Procrustes Superimposition, and final data were reduced into Principal Components (PCs) of shape. Overjet and overbite values were measured manually, during a clinical examination. A multivariate regression model was developed to evaluate the effect of overjet and overbite on profile shape. Results: The first nine PCs described more than 90% of profile shape variation in the sample and were used as the shape variables in all subsequent analyses. Overjet predicted 21.3% of profile shape in the entire sample (η2overjet = 0.213; p < 0.001), while the effect of overbite was weaker (η2overbite = 0.138; p < 0.001). In males, the equivalent effects were 22.6% for overjet and 14% for overbite, and in females, 25.5% and 13.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Incisor occlusion has a noteworthy effect on profile shape in middle-aged adults. Its impact becomes more significant taking into consideration the large variety of genetic and environmental factors affecting soft tissue profile

Malocclusion severity and its associations with oral health-related quality of life in an adult population

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate malocclusion severity and its associations with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among middle-aged adults. Materials and methods: The study material consisted of 1786 subjects from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 who attended dental and oral examination as part of the 46-year-old follow-up study. Malocclusion severity was assessed using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and the Peer Assessment Rating index (PAR) from digital 3D dental models. Participants also answered a questionnaire including the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and a question on their satisfaction with occlusal function. Differences between malocclusion severity groups were evaluated for both genders separately. For adjusted models, multivariate Poisson regression models were conducted. Results: In this study population, 31.3% had great or very great orthodontic treatment need according to DHC and the mean PAR total score was 22.05. The most severe malocclusions were associated with OHRQoL, especially the psychosocial and handicap dimensions, and satisfaction with occlusal function. There was a significant difference between genders, men having more severe malocclusion but women reporting more OHRQoL impacts. Conclusion: One third of the study population were considered to have severe malocclusion. There was an association between malocclusion severity and OHRQoL in adult population, particularly in women

Orofacial Esthetic Scale and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire : development and psychometric properties of the Finnish version

Objective: To develop the Finnish version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES-Fi) and the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ-Fi) and estimate the psychometric properties of these instruments applied to adult Finns. Methods: The English versions of the instruments were translated into Finnish and back-translated. Thereafter, OES-Fi and PIDAQ-Fi were established in a pilot study. The factorial validity was estimated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFI, TLI, SRMR) in independent samples (Test and Validation samples). The measurement invariance of the factorial models was tested using multigroup analysis (ΔCFI). Convergent validity [Average Variance Extracted (AVE)] and reliability [Composite Reliability (CR) and α] were estimated. Results: A total of 3636 individuals [mean age = 32.0 (SD = 11.6) years, 75% women] participated in the study. After refinements, the factorial model of the instruments showed an adequate fit to the data (CFI ≥0.94, TLI ≥0.90, SRMR ≤0.07) and showed measurement invariance in two independent samples (|ΔCFI| <0.01). Convergent validity (AVE = 0.54–0.82) and reliability (α = 0.86–0.94) were adequate. Conclusion: The data obtained using OES-Fi and PIDAQ-Fi were valid and reliable. Thus, these instruments could be useful for evaluating individual satisfaction with orofacial appearance and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in a clinical or research setting.publishedVersionPeer reviewe