The high potential of micro-magnetic resonance imaging for the identification of archaeological reeds. The case study of Tutankhamun

This study explores the potential of micro-magnetic resonance imaging ( -MRI) for identifying archaeological reeds found in the tomb of Tutankhamun. Reed plants had various historical uses in the past, with ancient Egyptians extensively employing them for crafting a wide range of items. The distinct cross-sectional characteristics of Arundo donax (giant reed) and Phragmites australis (common reed) are observed and described via optical microscopy and  -MRI in this study. While optical microscopy offers higher resolution,  -MRI provides advantages for studying archaeobotanical specimens, as it eliminates the need for mechanical sectioning and potentially damaging fragile samples. The application of  -MRI on a selected archaeological reed allowed us to identify it as Phragmites australis, showing that  -MRI can yield clear images, maintaining the integrity of the sample. In contrast, diagnostic features appeared greatly deformed on the thin section observed via optical microscopy. Despite the limitations related to the sample size and the need for sample soaking,  -MRI presents a valuable tool for analyzing archaeological remains in the field of cultural heritage, with the potential for broader applications. Overall, this study contributes to expanding the toolkit available to researchers studying plant remains, providing insights into reed identification and preservation in archaeological contexts

Transconjunctival and Subciliary Approach in the Treatment of Orbital Fractures: A Study on Oculoplastic Complication

The aim of the present study was to compare lower eyelid post-operative complications, such as ectropion, entropion, and scleral show of orbital floor fractures, associated to the subciliary vs transconjunctival approaches

Sobre a oitiva de crianças e adolescentes na justiça: : protagonismo em debate (1989-2017)

O presente artigo visa a analisar a introdução da oitiva no sistema de Justiça tendo em vista o preconizado na legislação nacional e na internacional. O artigo se divide em duas partes articuladas. Na primeira, buscamos descrever o cenário que deu origem ao artigo 12 da Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança, que tem como temática o direito de crianças e adolescentes manifestarem sua opinião sobre temas que lhes digam respeito. A outra parte do artigo tem como foco o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, que postula a oitiva nos temas relativos à convivência familiar e nos casos de crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violências

Ultraviolet concentration factor of a truncated compound parabolic concentrator under different weather conditions

This study presents the results of ultraviolet radiation measurement in a truncated compound parabolic concentrator. The measurements were performed by using of a portable ultraviolet sensor both inside and outside the concentrator without the presence of receiver, under direct and diffuse solar radiation, to calculate the real value of the concentration factor of ultraviolet radiation. The truncated compound parabolic concentrator was designed in Solid Works and built via 3D printing, with a theoretical concentration factor of 4.6. This study showed the differences in the form of the ultraviolet radiation when measurements were made under direct radiation and diffuse solar radiation. These differences are important when measurements were made along the concentrator profile, at different heights within the concentrator and, also, along it. Finally, a concentration factor of 3.3 and 1.4 were calculated on a sunny and a cloudy days, respectively. These values correspond to a concentration efficiency of 71.7 and 31.3%, respectively, against the theoretical value of 4.6 proposed in the design

Transient anomalous diffusion MRI measurement discriminates porous polymeric matrices characterized by different sub-microstructures and fractal dimension

Considering the current development of new nanostructured and complex materials and gels, it is critical to develop a sub-micro-scale sensitivity tool to quantify experimentally new parameters describing sub-microstructured porous systems. Diffusion NMR, based on the measurement of endogenous water’s diffusion displacement, offers unique information on the structural features of materials and tissues. In this paper, we applied anomalous diffusion NMR protocols to quantify the subdiffusion of water and to measure, in an alternative, non-destructive and non-invasive modality, the fractal dimension dw of systems characterized by micro and sub-micro geometrical structures. To this end, three highly heterogeneous porous-polymeric matrices were studied. All the three matrices composed of glycidylmethacrylate-divynilbenzene porous monoliths obtained through the High Internal Phase Emulsion technique were characterized by pores of approximately spherical symmetry, with diameters in the range of 2–10 μm. Pores were interconnected by a plurality of window holes present on pore walls, which were characterized by size coverings in the range of 0.5–2 μm. The walls were characterized by a different degree of surface roughness. Moreover, complementary techniques, namely Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and dielectric spectroscopy, were used to corroborate the NMR results. The experimental results showed that the anomalous diffusion α parameter that quantifies subdiffusion and dw = 2/α changed in parallel to the specific surface area S (or the surface roughness) of the porous matrices, showing a submicroscopic sensitivity. The results reported here suggest that the anomalous diffusion NMR method tested may be a valid experimental tool to corroborate theoretical and simulation results developed and performed for describing highly heterogeneous and complex systems. On the other hand, non-invasive and non-destructive anomalous subdiffusion NMR may be a useful tool to study the characteristic features of new highly heterogeneous nanostructured and complex functional materials and gels useful in cultural heritage applications, as well as scaffolds useful in tissue engineering

Evaluation of metatarsal relationships in the biomechanics of 332 normal feet using the method of measuring relative lengthst

OBJECTIVE: To identify the mean normal length of the metatarsals and the most common metatarsal formulas through a simple measurement method, thereby providing surgeons with data for planning treatment on symptomatic individuals with biometric abnormalities of the foot. METHODS: We evaluated and measured dorsoplantar weight-bearing radiographs of normal adult feet (83 males and 83 females). RESULTS: We found relative mean lengths for metatarsus I of 125.4 mm for males and 115.1 mm for females; for metatarsus II, 127.8 mm for males and 117.3 mm for females; for metatarsus III, 123.4 mm for males and 113.5 mm for females; for metatarsus IV, 114.2 mm for males and 105.3 mm for females; for metatarsus V, 99.5 mm for males and 91.7 mm for females. The mean forefoot width was 87.1 mm for males and 80.8 mm for females. CONCLUSION: Feet with index minus occurred most frequently in both sexes, although all three metatarsal formulas can be considered to be normal patterns. The mean normal pattern for males and females respectively was the following: metatarsus I 2.4 mm and 2.2 mm shorter than metatarsus II; metatarsus III 4.4 mm and 3.8 mm shorter than metatarsus II; metatarsus IV 9.2 mm and 8.2 mm shorter than metatarsus III; metatarsus V 14.7 mm and 13.6 mm shorter than metatarsus IV.OBJETIVO: Identificar o comprimento normal médio dos metatarsais e as fórmulas metatarsais mais comuns, através de um método de mensuração simples, fornecendo substrato ao cirurgião para o planejamento do tratamento dos portadores sintomáticos de alterações biométricas do pé. MÉTODOS: Avaliamos e mensuramos radiografias de adultos com pés normais na incidência dorso-plantar com carga, sendo 83 do sexo masculino e 83 do feminino. RESULTADOS: Encontramos o valor relativo médio do comprimento metatarsal para os homens e para as mulheres, respectivamente, de 125,4mm e 115,1mm para o I metatarsal; de 127,8mm e 117,3mm para o II metatarsal; de 123,4mm e 113,5mm para o III metatarsal; de 114,2mm e 105,3mm para o IV metatarsal e de 99,5mm e 91,7mm para o V metatarsal. A largura média do antepé para os homens foi de 87,1mm e para as mulheres, 80,8mm. CONCLUSÃO: Pés com Index minus em ambos os sexos foram mais frequentes, embora as três fórmulas metatarsais devam ser consideradas normais. O padrão médio normal para homens e para mulheres respectivamente foi o seguinte: o I metatarsal 2,4mm e 2,2mm menor que o II. O III foi menor que o II em 4,4mm e 3,8mm. O IV metatarsal foi 9,2mm e 8,2mm menor que o III. O V foi 14,7mm e 13,6mm menor que o IV.Faculdade de Medicina do ABCUNIFESP Departamento de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaSciEL

Chlorpyrifos and persistent organic pollutants in feathers of the near threatened Olrog's Gull in southeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

The use of bird feathers to assess environmental contamination has steadily increased in ecotoxicological monitoring programs over the past decade. The Olrog's Gull (Larus atlanticus) is a species endemic to the Atlantic coast of southern South America, constituting one of the three threatened gull species listed in the entire American continent. The aim of this study was to assess the exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and chlorpyrifos in the Near Threatened Olrog's Gull through the analysis of body feathers sampled at the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon, the main wintering area of the species in Argentina, controlling for sex and age class. Chlorpyrifos showed the highest concentrations among all contaminants and groups of individuals (X¯ = 263 ng g−1), while among POPs the concentration of organochlorine pesticides was higher than polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers, likely indicating the current use of these agricultural contaminant in the region. The highest values of total POP concentrations (males X¯ = 280 ng g−1, females X¯ = 301 ng g−1) were found in juvenile gulls, likely as a consequence of the incorporation of pollutants during the breeding season. Subadult and adult birds showed difference between sexes in the concentration of contaminants, with higher levels in males than females. The results highlight the need to include birds of different sex and age classes in order to better understand the variation in pollutants loads. The present study provides relevant information to improve the conservation status of the Olrog's Gull and new insights about the environmental health of the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon, Argentina, a MAB-UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve. However, there is a continued need for long-term monitoring programs focusing on this threatened species to understand the effects of pollutants on its population.Fil: Quadri Adrogué, Agustina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Seco Pon, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: García, Germán Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Castano, Melina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Copello, Sofía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Favero, Marco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Miglioranza, Karina Silvia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin