Perturbações Miccionais da Esclerose Múltipla

A esclerose múltipla apresenta-se sob diversas formas clínicas tendo um percurso muito variável e prognóstico pouco previsível. Mesmo antes do diagnóstico, as manifestações urinárias podem ser aparentes e são habitualmente relegadas para um segundo plano quando predominam as outras manifestações neurológicas, porventura mais graves. Os métodos terapêuticos das disfunções urinárias têm evoluído nos últimos anos, justificando uma avaliação e caracterização o mais pormenorizada possível

Hiperactividade de Esforço. Uma Forma de Incontinência

A incontinência urinária de esforço é geralmente diagnosticada segundo bases clínicas em que a perda resultante do esforço é a chave. Os mecanismos geralmente implicados são deficiência do suporte uretral e a insuficiência esfincteriana. No entanto, estas perdas podem surgir por verdadeiras contracções do detrusor desencadeadas pelo esforço. O reconhecimento desta causa é urodinâmico e tem implicações fisiopatológicas e terapêuticas importantes. Revimos uma série de exames urodinâmicos de mulheres incontinentes e encontrámos 16% de casos de contracções induzidas pelo esforço (hiperactividade de esforço) sendo a causa da incontinência em 6%

Hypoxia Augments Outgrowth Endothelial Cell (OEC) Sprouting and Directed Migration in Response to Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P)

Therapeutic angiogenesis provides a promising approach to treat ischemic cardiovascular diseases through the delivery of proangiogenic cells and/or molecules. Outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) are vascular progenitor cells that are especially suited for therapeutic strategies given their ease of noninvasive isolation from umbilical cord or adult peripheral blood and their potent ability to enhance tissue neovascularization. These cells are recruited to sites of vascular injury or tissue ischemia and directly incorporate within native vascular endothelium to participate in neovessel formation. A better understanding of how OEC activity may be boosted under hypoxia with external stimulation by proangiogenic molecules remains a challenge to improving their therapeutic potential. While vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is widely established as a critical factor for initiating angiogenesis, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lysophospholipid, has recently gained great enthusiasm as a potential mediator in neovascularization strategies. This study tests the hypothesis that hypoxia and the presence of VEGF impact the angiogenic response of OECs to S1P stimulation in vitro. We found that hypoxia altered the dynamically regulated S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) expression on OECs in the presence of S1P (1.0 mu M) and/or VEGF (1.3 nM). the combined stimuli of S1P and VEGF together promoted OEC angiogenic activity as assessed by proliferation, wound healing, 3D sprouting, and directed migration under both normoxia and hypoxia. Hypoxia substantially augmented the response to S1P alone, resulting in similar to 6.5-fold and similar to 25-fold increases in sprouting and directed migration, respectively. Overall, this report highlights the importance of establishing hypoxic conditions in vitro when studying ischemia-related angiogenic strategies employing vascular progenitor cells.University of California, DavisAmerican Heart Association (AHA)Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biomed Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Calif Davis, Dept Neurobiol Physiol & Behav, Davis, CA 95616 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, São Paulo, BrazilAmerican Heart Association (AHA): 15PRE22930044Web of Scienc

Longtime Dynamics of a Semilinear Lamé System

This paper is concerned with longtime dynamics of semilinear Lamé systems ∂2 t u − μ u − (λ + μ)∇divu + α∂tu + f (u) = b, defined in bounded domains ofR3 with Dirichlet boundary condition. Firstly,we establish the existence of finite dimensional global attractors subjected to a critical forcing f (u).Writing λ + μ as a positive parameter ε, we discuss some physical aspects of the limit case ε → 0. Then, we show the upper-semicontinuity of attractors with respect to the parameter when ε → 0. To our best knowledge, the analysis of attractors for dynamics of Lamé systems has not been studied before

Time-to-birth prediction models and the influence of expert opinions

Preterm birth is the leading cause of death among children under five years old. The pathophysiology and etiology of preterm labor are not yet fully understood. This causes a large number of unnecessary hospitalizations due to high--sensitivity clinical policies, which has a significant psychological and economic impact. In this study, we present a predictive model, based on a new dataset containing information of 1,243 admissions, that predicts whether a patient will give birth within a given time after admission. Such a model could provide support in the clinical decision-making process. Predictions for birth within 48 h or 7 days after admission yield an Area Under the Curve of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUC) of 0.72 for both tasks. Furthermore, we show that by incorporating predictions made by experts at admission, which introduces a potential bias, the prediction effectiveness increases to an AUC score of 0.83 and 0.81 for these respective tasks

Factors associated with the decision to investigate child protective services referrals: a systematic review

Background: Limited resources for child protection create challenging decision situations for child protective services (CPS) workers at the point of intake. A body of research has examined the factors associated with worker decisions and processes using a variety of methodological approaches to gain knowledge on decision-making. However, few attempts have been made to systematically review this literature. Objective: As part of a larger project on decision-making at intake, this systematic review addressed the question of the factors associated with worker decisions to investigate alleged maltreatment referrals. Methods: Quantitative studies that examined factors associated with screening decisions in CPS practice settings were included in the review. Database and other search methods were used to identify research published in English over a 35-year period (1980-2015). Findings: Of 1,147 identified sources, 18 studies were selected for full data extraction. The studies were conducted in the U.S., Canada, and Sweden and varied in methodological quality. Most studies examined case factors with few studies examining other domains. Conclusions: To inform CPS policy and practice, additional research is needed to examine the relationships between decision-making factors and case outcomes. Greater attention needs to be given to the organizational and external factors that influence decision-making

Daily alcohol intake triggers aberrant synaptic pruning leading to synapse loss and anxiety-like behavior

Alcohol abuse adversely affects the lives of millions of people worldwide. Deficits in synaptic transmission and in microglial function are commonly found in human alcohol abusers and in animal models of alcohol intoxication. Here, we found that a protocol simulating chronic binge drinking in male mice resulted in aberrant synaptic pruning and substantial loss of excitatory synapses in the prefrontal cortex, which resulted in increased anxiety-like behavior. Mechanistically, alcohol intake increased the engulfment capacity of microglia in a manner dependent on the kinase Src, the subsequent activation of the transcription factor NF-κB, and the consequent production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF. Pharmacological blockade of Src activation or of TNF production in microglia, genetic ablation of Tnf, or conditional ablation of microglia attenuated aberrant synaptic pruning, thereby preventing the neuronal and behavioral effects of the alcohol. Our data suggest that aberrant pruning of excitatory synapses by microglia may disrupt synaptic transmission in response to alcohol abuse.This work was financed by FEDER -Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020 -Operacional Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Portugal 2020, and by Portuguese funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior in the framework of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030647 (PTDC/SAU-TOX/30647/2017) in TS lab. The projects FEDER Portugal (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000008000008—Porto Neurosciences and Neurologic Disease Research Initiative at I3S, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-021333) and FCT (PTDC/MED-NEU/31318/2017) supported work in JBR lab. CCP and RS hold employment contracts financed by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., in the context of the program-contract described in paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 of art. 23 of Law no. 57/2016, of August 29, as amended by Law no. 57/2017 of July 2019. TC is supported by FCT (SFRH/BD/117148/2016). RLA was supported by FCT (PD/BD/114266/2016). AM was supported by FCT (IF/00753/2014). Author contributions: RS, TS, and JBR designed the project. RS, JFH, CCP, TOA, JTM, RLA, TC, CS, and AM performed experiments. RS, TS, and JBR co-supervised the study. RS and JBR wrote the original draft. RS, CCP, TS, and JBR reviewed and edited the manuscript. TS and JBR acquired funding

PTERIDÓFITAS DO PARQUE ESTADUAL DE PORTO FERREIRA (SP), BRASIL

Neste trabalho foi realizado um levantamento de pteridóf itas no Parque Estadual de Porto Ferreira. As coletas foram realizadas em cinco pontos,denominados Trilha de Pesquisa, Trilha elas Arvores Gigantes, Area da Lagoa, Area do Rio e Cachoeira. Foram reconhecidas 48 espécies de ptericlófitas pertencentes a 10 famílias: Aspleniaceae, Blechnaceae, Cyatheaceae, Diyopteridaceae, Polypocliaceae, Pteridaceae, Schizaeaceae, Tectariaccae, Thelypteridaceae e Woodsiaceae. Destas, as mais representativas foram Ptericlaceae com 10 espécies, distribuídas em seis gêneros e Polypodiaceae e Thelypteridaceae que apresentaram 9 espécies cada, distribuídas em quatro e um gêneros, respectivamente. Das 48 espécies registradas 16 apresentam distribuição ,bastante restrita, ocorrendo apenas na Trilha das Arvores Gigantes e Campyloneurum repens C. Presl., Adiantum diogoanwn Glaziou ex Baker, Blechmum glandulosum Link e B. lanceola Sw são as espécies ele ocorrência mais ampla. Em todos os pontos de coletas há ptericlófitas, sendo que a Trilha das Arvores Gigantes é a mais rica e a Area ela Lagoa a mais pobre em número de espécies. As pteridófitas ocorrem nos ambientes de matas estacionais semideciduais, matas ciliares, brejos e no cerradão. A maior diversidade de espécies foi encontrada na mata estacionai semidecidual