El sostenimiento de la educación en México

Los recursos asignados a la educación se reconocen como la inversión más rentable que se pueda hacer para impulsar el desarrollo de un país, pero son escasos los estudios sobre el sostenimiento del sistema educativo mexicano en su conjunto. En este trabajo se analiza la evolución en los últimos años del gasto educativo en México, la participación de los sectores público y privado, las disposiciones legales al respecto y la medida en que se cumplen. La situación nacional se evalúa en el contexto de la OCDE. Se recurre a indicadores inclusivos en lugar de números absolutos para facilitar la comprensión de las grandes cantidades que involucran los análisis y a precios internacionales para permitir comparaciones directas entre países con economías asimétricas

Check list of ground-dwelling ant diversity (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Iguazú National Park with a comparison at regional scale

We describe the ant fauna of Iguazú National Park (INP), a region of high biodiversity andendemism in northeastern Argentina that includes the southernmost protected area ofthe Atlantic Forest (AF). Ants were sampled over seven periods from 1998 to 2011 usinga variety of techniques. We also surveyed museum collections and the scientific literatureto obtain additional records of ants from INP. In addition to providing a species list, wecompare ant composition of INP to other sites in the Upper Paraná, Serra do Mar CoastalForest and Araucaria ecoregion of AF. A total of 172 ant species belonging to 56 genera arereported; 56 species are new records for Misiones Province and 39 species are reportedfrom Argentina for the first time. Alto Paraná and Canindeyú departments in Paraguaypresent the most similar ant fauna to INP. Serra da Bodoquena in Brazil and Pilcomayoin Argentina showed higher similarity with the Upper Paraná AF ecoregion, despite thatSerra da Bodoquena is composed of a mix of ecoregions. Ant diversity was lower in UpperParaná than in Serra do Mar Coastal Forest ecoregion. This difference may result fromhigher primary productivity and a greater altitudinal variation in the coastal region.Fil: Hanisch, Priscila Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ; ArgentinaFil: Calcaterra, Luis Alberto. Fundación para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Leponce, M.. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecology unit; BélgicaFil: Achury, R.. University of Illinois at Urbana; Estados UnidosFil: Suarez, A. V.. University of Illinois at Urbana; Estados UnidosFil: Silva, R. R.. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi; BrasilFil: Paris, Carolina Ivon. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin

El Derecho a la Identidad

70 p.Un contundente listado de Convenciones Internacionales sobre derechos humanos ratificados por Chile y vigentes, coinciden en la necesidad de los Estados suscriptores de proteger bienes jurídicos que estiman importantes para lograr la protección de la integridad de la persona humana. Todos ellos coinciden en que valores trascendentales como el derecho a un nombre propio, el derecho a tener los apellidos de sus padres o al menos el de uno de ellos, y el derecho a adquirir una nacionalidad, son ejes fundamentales para que la persona crezca en plenitud y se desarrolle integralmente en todos los aspectos de su vida. En esta obra se tratará principalmente sobre el derecho a la identidad personal y sus implicancias en el ordenamiento jurídico interno y en el derecho internacional, su relación con otros derechos consagrados en la Constitución y el pronunciamiento de la Corte Suprema y el Tribunal Constitucional chileno con respecto a él./ABSTRACT:A complete list of international human rights conventions ratified by Chile and in force, agreed on the need for States to protect legal interests of subscribers which are important to ensure the protection of the integrity of the human person. They are agree that transcendental values how the right to a proper name, the right to have the surnames of his parents or at least one of them, and the right to acquire a nationality, are cornerstones for the person to grow in fullness and develop fully in all aspects of your life. This work will be primarily on the right to personal identity and its implications for domestic law and international law, its relationship with other rights enshrined in the Constitution and the ruling and the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court concerning him

The role of usability in the competitiveness of higher education institutions

The increasingly competitive environment of the Portuguese higher education system stresses the need of a marketoriented offer, coordinated with the institutional websites. In this paper we describe an attempt to integrate marketing and webdesign techniques, supported by usability studies. A usability study was performed on the website of the Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), employing guerrilla usability techniques focusing different target groups. The following redesign tried to address usability problems found, and involved the inclusion of affective and emotional multimedia contents, added to the usual objective and rational information. The response of the target groups to the changes was assessed by means of a new round of usability testing

Life Experiences of Youth Who Were Born with HIV Infection in Puerto Rico: The Voices of Young Survivors

The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) transformed the pediatric HIV epidemic. The disease changed significantly over the course of three decades: while early in the epidemic it was almost always fatal, it has become a chronic condition. This study examined how perinatally-infected youth experience the impact of HIV in their lives. A qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was conducted. Twenty in-depth interviews were carried out among 12 women and 8 men aged 18 to 30 years in Puerto Rico. These were conducted in Spanish, audio-recorded, transcribed and translated into English. While narrating their experiences, participants were interpreting what the situation meant to them and how they make sense of it. Three topics emerged: (1) perception and response to treatment and illness, particularly their lived experiences with ART; (2) disclosure experiences; and (3) family matters. Most participants challenged their therapy, in most cases to force their caregivers to disclose their status. Problems with adherence were attributed to busy schedules or forgetfulness. Participants experienced the disfiguring adverse effects of ART, which they endured for years without being informed that ART was the cause of these. Participants’ experiences with disclosure demonstrated the importance of validating them as individuals capable of managing their health. The paternalistic approach of withholding their diagnosis to spare them suffering resulted in increased anxiety. Participants acknowledged the difficulties of revealing their HIV status to their partners. They referred to family and friends as essential in coping with HIV. However, some encountered discrimination and stigma within their families. Participants who had suffered the loss of their parents found other parental figures such as adoptive parents or other family members. Most participants expressed a desire to have children. Perinatally HIV-infected youth will require health services for the rest of their lives. The adult health care into which they transition should consider their needs and journey. Services should consider including family members. This study underscores the need for improved access to mental health services. It is also essential to transcend medical treatment and develop a broader perspective of health care. Health care services should include reproductive decision-making counselling services

Análisis de factibilidad de la apertura de un local para asesoría y comercialización de implementos para sistemas de riego subfoliar o localizado y drenaje con finalidad agrícola para el sector sur de la provincia de los ríos

El proyecto se basa en determinar la factibilidad de un local comercial en el sector Sur de la provincia de los Ríos para asesorar u distribuir los implementos necesarios en los sistemas de riego y drenaje. Debido a que la zona en estudio basa su actividad económica principal en la agricultura y no existen aun locales comerciales con la infraestructura y organización adecuada para asesorar los sistemas de riego y drenaje a los productores de los distintos cultivos en la zona. Dada que la provincia en estudio es una región muy fértil y debido a que también sufre los efectos de las temibles inundaciones de invierno, esperemos que nuestro proyecto en un futuro pueda contribuir con acciones positivas y se puedan dar soluciones a los problemas planteados en el análisis. El campo al que pertenece el proyecto es el comercial con enfoque agrícola y el propósito en particular es asesorar, dirigir y ejecutar el desarrollo de los sistemas de riego y drenaje

O spanglish na obra Borderlands/la frontera: the new mestiza, de Gloria Anzaldúa

Esse trabalho monográfico tem como tema a importância do spanglish em Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza, uma das obras mais importantes da autora chicana Gloria Anzaldúa. A partir das suas experiências e história, Anzaldúa ressignificou a imagem e o valor do sujeito da fronteira. Por essa razão, entendeu-se ser relevante, na presente pesquisa, a abordagem da biografia da autora, pois sua história de vida está intimamente ligada à realização desse clássico da literatura chicana. Sua transparência, força e persistência motivaram outras autoras chicanas, que se identificaram com a sua vivência e opinião, sentindo-se impulsionadas a lutar pelo seu espaço e valorização de sua identidade através da escrita. Para a materialização da presente monografia, foi fundamental o seguinte aporte teórico: Maher (2007), Megale Siano (2017) e Zolin Vesz (2015, 2016), para tratar de translinguismo; e Fernádez-Ulloa (2004), Nginios (2011) e Piña-Rosales (2008), na aproximação ao spanglish. Ao longo do trabalho, outros autores também são citados, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento dessa monografia. Ademais, foi trabalhada a visão geral de Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza e explicada a importância do spanglish na escrita de Anzaldúa. Por último, foi feita uma análise de um dos seus poemas, presente na obra Borderlands, que dialoga diretamente com o tema aqui em destaque

Implantación de modelos de cálculo, control y reducción de costes en las empresas de transporte urbano colectivo de viajeros

En la presente comunicación se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre la modelización de sistemas de cálculo, análisis, gestión, control y reducción de costes, basados en la metodología Activity Based Costing/Activity Based Management -ABC/ABM- en empresas de transporte urbano colectivo de viajeros, así como respecto a los trabajos a llevar a cabo para su implantación y el origen de los datos procesados por el modelo para su integración con los sistemas de información de tales empresas.In this paper we aim to describe how to develop a well-design cost accounting system in order to analize, control and reduce costs in urban transport enterprises, according to Activity Base Costing/Activity Based Management –ABC/ABM- methodology. In addition, we study the instalation process and th