Indomethacin can downregulate the levels of inflammatory mediators in the hippocampus of rats submitted to pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus

OBJECTIVE: Refractory status epilepticus is one of the most life-threatening neurological emergencies and is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Additionally, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs during this period is very controversial. Thus, this study has been designed to analyze the effect of a low dose of indomethacin (a COX inhibitor) on the expression of inflammatory molecules.METHOD: The hippocampus of rats submitted to pilocarpine-induced long-lasting status epilepticus was analyzed to determine the expression of inflammatory molecules with RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Compared with controls, reduced levels of the kinin B2 receptors IL1β and TNFα were found in the hippocampus of rats submitted to long-lasting status epilepticus and treated with indomethacin.CONCLUSIONS: These data show that low doses of indomethacin could be employed to minimize inflammation during long-lasting status epilepticus.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ)Institutos Nacionais de Ciencia e Tecnologia (INCT)Programa de Apoio a Nucleos de Excelencia (PRONEX)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Neurologia/NeurocirurgiaSociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein Neurofisiologia ClínicaUniversidade de Brasília Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde Laboratório de Patologia MolecularUniversidade Nove de Julho Departamento de Educação Física Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da ReabilitaçãoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de BioquímicaUNIFESP, Depto. de Neurologia/NeurocirurgiaUNIFESP, Depto. de BioquímicaSciEL

Mortality Predictors in Renal Transplant Recipients with Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock

Introduction: the growing number of renal transplant recipients in a sustained immunosuppressive state is a factor that can contribute to increased incidence of sepsis. However, relatively little is known about sepsis in this population. the aim of this single-center study was to evaluate the factors associated with hospital mortality in renal transplant patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe sepsis and septic shock.Methods: Patient demographics and transplant-related and ICU stay data were retrospectively collected. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to identify the independent risk factors associated with hospital mortality.Results: A total of 190 patients were enrolled, 64.2% of whom received kidneys from deceased donors. the mean patient age was 51 +/- 13 years (males, 115 [60.5%]), and the median APACHE II was 20 (16-23). the majority of patients developed sepsis late after the renal transplantation (2.1 [0.6-2.3] years). the lung was the most common infection site (59.5%). Upon ICU admission, 16.4% of the patients had = 2 organ failures at admission, and 27.9% experienced septic shock within the first 24 hours of ICU admission. the overall hospital mortality rate was 38.4%. in the multivariate analysis, the independent determinants of hospital mortality were male gender (OR = 5.9; 95% CI, 1.7-19.6; p = 0.004), delta SOFA 24 h (OR = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.3; p = 0.001), mechanical ventilation (OR = 30; 95% CI, 8.8-102.2; p<0.0001), hematologic dysfunction (OR = 6.8; 95% CI, 2.0-22.6; p = 0.002), admission from the ward (OR = 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2-9.7; p = 0.02) and acute kidney injury stage 3 (OR = 5.7; 95% CI, 1.9-16.6; p = 0.002).Conclusions: Hospital mortality in renal transplant patients with severe sepsis and septic shock was associated with male gender, admission from the wards, worse SOFA scores on the first day and the presence of hematologic dysfunction, mechanical ventilation or advanced graft dysfunction.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Hospital do RimUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Unidade Transplante, Disciplina Nefrol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina Anestesiol Dor & Terapia Intens, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Unidade Transplante, Disciplina Nefrol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina Anestesiol Dor & Terapia Intens, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Diversidade fenotípica e qualidade das carcaças de caprinos crioulos com potencial genético quanto à resistência à verminose

The objective of this work was to phenotypically characterize creole goats of the Moxotó, Azul, Canindé, Repartida, Marota, and Graúna breeds, comparing them with the Boer, Anglo Nubian, and Alpine exotic breeds, to identify the genetic groups of greater potential for carcass quality and resistance to infection caused by worm. Data on morphometric measurements were obtained for the count of worm eggs in grams of feces (WEGF), Famacha score, carcass measurements, and body weight from 308 animals, in a farm in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Repartida goats showed the highest average for wither height (61.55 cm) and rump height (62.16 cm), and Moxotó goats had the greatest ear length (13.45 cm). The Moxotó breed showed the highest means for carcass and body weight. The lowest average for body weight was observed in Azul goats (24.35 kg), and the lowest WEGF was detected in Repartida goats (200 eggs per gram of feces). The average Famacha score was 2.77. Average linkage was the method that best summarized the information on the morphometric and carcass data. The use of morphometric and carcass measurements provides satisfactory results in the phenotypic characterization of the animals. The Brazilian creole goats, which are considered resistant to worm infection and show high-quality carcass traits, may be indicated for conservation and genetic breeding programs.O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar fenotipicamente caprinos crioulos das raças Moxotó, Azul, Canindé, Repartida, Marota e Graúna, em comparação às raças exóticas Boer, Anglo Nubiana e Alpina, para identificar grupos genéticos de maior potencial para qualidade de carcaça e resistência à verminose. Dados de medidas morfométricas foram obtidos quanto à contagem de ovos de vermes por grama de fezes (OVGF), ao escore Famacha, às medidas de carcaça e ao peso corporal de 308 animais de uma fazenda no Estado do Piauí. Os caprinos Repartida apresentaram a maior média de altura de cernelha (61,55 cm) e altura de garupa (62,16 cm), e os caprinos Moxotó, o maior comprimento de orelha (13,45 cm). A raça Moxotó apresentou as maiores médias de carcaça e peso corporal. O menor peso corporal médio foi dos caprinos Azul (24,35 kg), e o menor valor de OVGF foi o dos caprinos Repartida (200 ovos por grama de fezes). Para o escore Famacha, a média foi 2,77. O método da ligação média foi o que melhor resumiu a informação dos dados morfométricos e de carcaça. O uso de medidas morfométricas e de carcaça apresentou resultados satisfatórios na caracterização fenotípica dos animais. Os caprinos crioulos, considerados resistentes à verminose e com características de carcaça de boa qualidade, poderão ser indicados para programas de conservação e melhoramento genético

Modelo de regressão linear múltipla aplicado a dados para geração de energia através do biogás / Multiple linear regression model applied to data for biogas power generation

A industrialização mundial vem crescendo em larga escala, com isso fazendo com que a demanda de energia global também aumente. Acredita-se que para haver maior disponibilidade de energia, será necessário exigir muito mais do meio ambiente. Como algumas técnicas utilizadas para obtenção de energia são extremamente agressivas ao ecossistema, as fontes de energia renováveis desempenham um papel importantíssimo, comparado aos efeitos de obtenção de energia e sua relação a outras fontes de energia. A biomassa tem recebido muita atenção por parte da mídia e de líderes políticos, tanto em relação a fontes alternativas de combustível quanto uma maneira de minimizar a dependência da importação de matéria-prima de países desenvolvidos. Este trabalho utiliza um método de modelagem usando comparativos do aplicativo CH4 Biogás Simulator para avaliação de múltiplas variáveis afim de determinar a equação de regressão, assim obtendo a quantidade de biogás bruto e energia elétrica que se pode gerar utilizando dejetos de bovinos, suínos e aves pela ação de biodigestores. A equação gerada é de fácil aplicabilidade e resultou no modelo Y= 1,572731 + 0,985985 x bovinos + 0,191372 x suínos + 0,021287 x aves com (r=0,99) sendo assim adequada para estimação do valor do potencial de biogás

Uroflowmetry in a Large Population of Brazilian Men Submitted to a health check up program and its correlation with ipss and prostate size

Purpose: the aim of this study was to assess the uroflowmetry data in a large population of asymptomatic Brazilian men submitted to a health check up program and their correlation to IPSS and prostate size.Materials and Methods: Asymptomatic men underwent a health check-up program between January and December 2012. the inclusion criteria were men between 40 and 70 years, IPSS <= 7, without bladder, prostate, urethral surgery, neurological diseases, urinary tract infection, PSA < 4.0 ng/dL and urinary volume higher than 150 mL. Urological assessment consisted of clinical history, IPSS, digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate specific antigen (PSA), urinalysis, ultrasonography and uroflowmetry.Results: A total of 1041 asymptomatic men were included in this study. the average age was 49 years and average maximum flow rate was 17.4 mL/s. in spite of IPSS and prostate size increase with aging, they had a weak correlation with Q(max) cutoffs (10 mL/s and 15 mL/s). A total of 85 men (8.3%) had more than 60 years, and even in this group, Q(max) was higher than 15 mL/s. Out of 1041 men, 117 had IPSS less than 8 and Q(max) less than 10 mL/s.Conclusions: in asymptomatic men there is a weak correlation between IPSS, prostate size and uroflowmetric data. the establishment of different normal cutoffs seems to be complicated and uroflowmetry data should be interpreted with caution in order to avoid misdiagnosis.Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and comorbidities in isolated African descent communities (PREVRENAL): methodological design of a cohort study

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a serious public health problem, both in Brazil and worldwide, with an increasing number of cases observed inrecent years. Especially, CKD has been reported to be highly prevalent in those of African descent. However, Brazil lacks data from early-stage CKD population studies, and the prevalence of CKD is unknown for both the overall and African descent populations. Hence, the present study aims to estimate the prevalence of early-stage CKD and its associated risk factors in African-Brazilians from isolated African-descent communities. Herein, the detailed methodology design of the study is described. Methods: This population-based, prospective, longitudinal, cohort study (PREVRENAL) is performed in three stages: first, clinical, nutritional, and anthropometric evaluationsmeasurements of serum and urinary markersand examinations of comorbidities were performed. Second, repeated examinations of individuals with CKD, systemic arterial hypertension, and/or diabetes mellitusimage screeningand cardiac risk assessment were performed. Third, long-term monitoring of all selected individuals will be conducted (ongoing). Using probability sampling, 1539 individuals from 32 communities were selected. CKD was defined asaglomerular filtration rate (GFR) 30 mg/day. Discussion: This study proposes to identify and monitor individuals with and without reduced GFR and high albuminuria in isolated populations of African descendants in Brazil. As there are currently no specific recommendations for detecting CKD in African descendants, four equations for estimating the GFR based on serum creatinine and cystatin C were used and will be retrospectively compared. The present report describes the characteristics of the target population, selection of individuals, and detection of a population at risk, along with the imaging, clinical, and laboratory methodologies used. The first and second stages have been concluded and the results will be published in the near future. The subsequent (third) stage is the long-term, continuous monitoring of individuals diagnosed with renal abnormalities or with CKD risk factors. The entire study population will be re-evaluated five years after the study initiation. The expectation is to obtain information about CKD evolution among this population, including the progression rate, complication development, and cardiovascular events.Research Support Foundation of Maranhao (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Maranhao - FAPEMA)Univ Fed Maranhao, Kidney Dis Prevent Ctr, Sao Luis, MA, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Dept Med 1, Sao Luis, MA, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Dept Publ Hlth, Sao Luis, MA, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Kidney Dis Prevent Ctr, Sao Luis, MA, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Dept Physiol Sci, Sao Luis, MA, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Radiol, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Internal Med, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Discipline Nephrol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Discipline Nephrol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

OCORRÊNCIA DE Anaplasma bovis (Donatien & Lestoquard, 1936, Dumler et al. 2001) NA REGIÃO DE BOM JESUS DO ITABAPOANA, RJ

Tendo em vista a pesquisa de hemoparasitos, no presente trabalho foram realizados exames microscópicos de quatrocentas extensões sanguíneas delgadas, preparadas com sangue capilar coletado da orelha e da cauda de duzentos bovinos. Baseou-se o diagnóstico na pesquisa direta, visualizando-se as inclusões do agente etiológico. Onze bovinos (5,5%) foram considerados infectados por Anaplasma bovis, confirmando a presença deste hemoparasito no município de Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, o primeiro da região noroeste fluminense a relatar tal ocorrência. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Anaplasma bovis, bovino, hemoparasito, ocorrência

Acute effects of power and resistance exercises on hemodynamic measurements of older women

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of resistance training (RT) and power training (PT) on the hemodynamic parameters and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability of older women. Materials and methods: A randomized experimental design was used in this study. Twentyone older women (age: 67.1 +/- 4.6 yearsbody mass index: 28.03 +/- 4.9 kg/m2systolic blood pressure: 135.1 +/- 21.1 mmHg) were recruited to participate in this study. Volunteers were randomly allocated into PT, RT, and control session (CS) groups. The PT and RT groups underwent a single session of physical exercise equalized by training volume, characterized by 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions in 8 different exercises. However, RT group performed exercise at a higher intensity (difficult) than PT (moderate) group. On the other hand, concentric contractions were faster in PT group than in RT group. Hemodynamic parameters and saliva samples (for NO quantification) were collected before and during an hour after exercise completion. Results: Results demonstrated post-exercise hypotension during 35 minutes in the PT when compared to rest period (P= 0.001). In turn, RT showed decreased heart rate and double product (P, 0.001) during the whole evaluation period after exercise completion compared with the rest period. NO levels increased in the PT and RT during the whole evaluation period in relation to rest period. However, there were no differences between PT, RT, and CS regarding hemodynamic and NO evaluations. Conclusion: Data indicate that an acute session of power and resistance exercise can be effective to cause beneficial changes on hemodynamic parameters and NO levels in older women.Univ Estadual Campinas, Appl Kinesiol Lab LCA, Sch Phys Educ, Ave Erico Verissimo,701 Cidade Univ Zeferino Vaz, BR-13083851 Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Mogi das Cruzes, Ctr Hlth Sci, Mogi Das Cruzes, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Med Sch, Hypertens Unit, Heart Inst InCor, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Catolica Brasilia, Sch Phys Educ, Brasilia, DF, BrazilCommun Ctr Older People Poa, Poa, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Immunobiol, Lab Transplantat Immunol, Inst Biomed Sci, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Nephrol Div, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Nephrol Div, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Low-Level Laser Application in the Early Myocardial Infarction Stage Has No Beneficial Role in Heart Failure

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been targeted as a promising approach that can mitigate post infarction cardiac remodeling. There is some interesting evidence showing that the beneficial role of the LLLT could persist long-term even after the end of the application, but it remains to be systematically evaluated. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that LLLT beneficial effects in the early post-infarction cardiac remodeling could remain in overt heart failure even with the disruption of irradiations. Female Wistar rats were subjected to the coronary occlusion to induce myocardial infarction or Sham operation. A single LLLT application was carried out after 60 s and 3 days post-coronary occlusion, respectively. Echocardiography was performed 3 days and at the end of the experiment (5 weeks) to evaluate cardiac function. After the last echocardiographic examination. LV hemodynamic evaluation was performed at baseline and on sudden afterload increases. Compared with the Sham group, infarcted rats showed increased systolic and diastolic internal diameter as well as a depressed shortening fraction of LV. The only benefit of the LLLT was a higher shortening fraction after 3 days of infarction. However, treated-LLLT rats show a lower shortening fraction in the 5th week of study when compared with Sham and non-irradiated rats. A worsening of cardiac function was confirmed in the hemodynamic analysis as evidenced by the higher LV end-diastolic pressure and lower +dP/dt and dP/dt with five weeks of study. Cardiac functional reserve was also impaired by infarction as evidenced by an attenuated response of stroke work index and cardiac output to a sudden afterload stress, without LLLT repercussions. No significant differences were found in the myocardial expression of Akti NEGF pathway. Collectively, these findings illustrate that LLLT improves LV systolic function in the early post-infarction cardiac remodeling. However, this beneficial effect may be dependent on the maintenance of phototherapy. Long-term studies with LLLT application are needed to establish whether these effects ultimately translate into improved cardiac remodeling.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoFAPESPNove de Julho Univ, Lab Biophoton, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Cardiac Physiol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilNove de Julho Univ, Program Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Judas Tadeu, Brazil Phys Educ & Aging Sci Program, Translat Physiol Lab, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Cardiac Physiol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilCNPq: 4400851/2014-8FAPESP: 09-54225/8FAPESP: 15/11028-9Web of Scienc