Um sistema iroquês amazônico: parentesco e aliança Enawene-Nawe

Vocabulários de parentesco iroqueses são um dos temas mais longevos da antropologia social. Este artigo retoma esta longa tradição. Baseado em dados etnográficos de primeira mão, o texto a seguir oferece uma análise das classificações de parentesco de um povo de língua aruaque da Amazônia meridional, os Enawene-Nawe. Como é típico desses vocabulários, o caso em questão não expressa uma regra prescritiva de casamento. O discurso nativo formula apenas duas interdições: uniões entre pessoas do mesmo clã e entre parentes genealogicamente próximos. Por outro lado, os Enawene-Nawe apontam uma fórmula virtuosa de união matrimonial que se manifesta nos planos dos conceitos e das práticas: a troca direta entre duas famílias, vedada a repetição nas gerações seguintes.Iroquois kinship vocabularies are one of the most long-standing themes in social anthropology. This article resumes this long tradition. Based on first-hand ethnographic data, the text analyzes the kinship classifications of the Enawene-Nawe, an Aruak-speaking people located in Meridional Amazonia. As is typical in such vocabularies, the case being discussed does not express a prescriptive rule of marriage. Native discourse only formulates two interdictions: unions between people from the same clan and between kin who share close genealogical ties. On the other hand, the Enawene-Nawe indicate a virtuous formula of matrimonial alliance that manifests in concepts and practices: direct exchange between two families, without repetition in subsequent generations

Antimonuments: Between Memory and Resistance

The essay presents a reflection upon the “antimonuments” phenomena that emerged at the end of the twentieth century as a way of dealing through art with State violence, as in the case of Nazism and the Latin American dictatorships. The text begins with an explanation of the mnemotechnics, that is, the old “art of memory”, that had Simonides of Ceos as its mythic father. It goes on presenting the contemporary “art of memory” under the sign of “antimonuments”. The article proposes to think of a “new art of memory” based on the gesture of anti-monuments. The study shows and discusses the works of, among other artists, Jochen Gerz, Horst Hoheisel, Andreas Knitz, Marcelo Brodsky and Fulvia Molina

Consulting report – Amazona Chocolate

Amazona Chocolate is a company that sells high-quality organic chocolate and other cacao derivatives. The market where it operates value these characteristics and is willing to pay a premium for them. The profitability of this business has attracted companies increasing the competition, which raised the awareness of Amazona Chocolate to be more competitive. Although, the company has been and remains profitable, it is unknown how the distribution of its costs are, for which it is not known for sure how the money is actually being spent. Based on these premises, the consulting project aimed to research and propose a costing system that would identify the costs incurred by the firm on each stage of its operations, while also allowing to improve the decision-making of the firm. Based on the literature review and the framework of Fisher and Krumwiede (2012), the consulting project proposed to elaborate a costing system composed by (a) variable and absorption costing (one complementing the other) for assigning costs to the products, (b) process costing for tracking direct product costs, (c) department cost pools to organize indirect product costs, and (d) transaction based drivers to allocate indirect costs, as it was identified through a weighted score assessment that this costing system was more suitable for Amazona Chocolate, based on its availability of resources, characteristics, and necessities. The proposed implementation plan estimates a total period of execution of 12 weeks, which was divided into three main phases: learning, communicating, and executing. The scheduled period is flexible based on the availability and time of the stakeholders; however, it should not take more time than the estimated by the consulting team. Finally, the consulting report did not consider a cost of implementation since the evaluation of the costing system took into account the limited resources of the company, nonetheless, it is recommended to assign a person to execute the process of digitalization of the information held in physical files, for which it was estimated a period of 15 days and an investment of S/800.Amazona Chocolate es una empresa que vende chocolate orgánico de alta calidad y otros derivados del cacao. El mercado donde opera valora estas características y está dispuesto a pagar un mayor precio por este tipo de productos. La rentabilidad del negocio ha atraído a nuevas compañías, incrementando así la competencia; por lo que Amazona Chocolate desea ser más competitivo en su industria. A pesar que la empresa ha sido y sigue siendo rentable, se desconoce cuál es la distribución de sus costos, por lo que no se sabe con certeza cómo se gasta el dinero. Por estas razones, el proyecto de consultoría tuvo como objetivo investigar y proponer un sistema de costos que identificara los costos de la empresa en cada etapa de sus operaciones, al tiempo que permitía mejorar su toma de decisiones. Basado en la revisión de la literatura y en el marco teórico de Fisher y Krumwiede (2012), el proyecto de consultoría propuso elaborar un sistema de costos compuesto por (a) variable y absorption costing (se complementan mutuamente) para asignar costos a los productos, (b) processing costing para rastrear costos directos de productos, (c) grupos de costos por departamento para organizar costos indirectos, y (d) drivers basados en transacciones para asignar costos indirectos. Esta elección se efectuó mediante una evaluación de puntaje ponderado, obteniendo que esta metodología era la más adecuada para Amazona Chocolate, en función de su disponibilidad de recursos y características. El plan de implementación propuesto estima un período total de ejecución de 12 semanas, dividido en tres fases: aprendizaje, comunicación y ejecución. La programación es flexible; sin embargo, no debería tomar más tiempo del estimado por el equipo de consultoría. Finalmente, el informe de consultoría no consideró un costo de implementación ya que la evaluación del sistema de costos tomó en cuenta la restricción de recursos de la empresa, sin embargo, se recomienda que una persona se encargue del proceso de digitalización de la información que se maneja de forma física. Para lograrlo, se estimó un período de ejecución de 15 días y una inversión de S/800.Tesi

Lubrication in metal cutting under built-up edge conditions

The effect of a mineral oil lubricant and sulphur (an EP additive) on machining of medium carbon steel has been investigated. The lubricant was applied with several different concentrations an additive containing sulphur. The concentrations were 0%, 1 %, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% of the additive. The results were compared with dry conditions. The effect of cutting speed and feed rate was also investigated. During the tests cutting force, transient surface temperature and surface finish were measured. Cutting force and surface finish were measured using traditional equipment. measure the temperature of the workpiece a new method was developed. The temperature of the transient surface was measured at three different positions below the cutting edge during the cut using an infrared sensor. The results were then extrapolated to obtain the temperature of the transient surface close to the cutting edge (the maximum temperature of the surface). The temperature results can be used to calculate the cooling rate of the surface. Quick stop tests were also used to obtain chip samples and information about BUB size and shape. The lubricant had no effect on forces, temperature or BUB size, but improved surface finish. This works suggests that the enhanced surface finish obtained when lubricant is applied is not due to lubrication on the rake face (preventing a BUE), but action on the machined surface after it has been formed. The BUE is squeezed parallel to the cutting edge and touches the workpiece altering the surface finish, by a rubbing action and also because periodically part of the BUB bonds to the surface. The lubricant works on this rubbing action and can avoid bonding of the squeezed BUE and also of debris particles that are inevitably formed during the operation. It has been shown that a very low volume of lubricant is enough to improve the surface finish because the area that requires lubrication is small

Interests and propriety: some voices of brazilian cultural field

This article originates of the strangeness generated by using the term piracy for any type of unauthorized reproduction. The article try to understand the relationship between values and interests related to two forms of propriety, copyright and intellectual property. For an interest in the collective representation, the general idea or dominant ideology associated with the subject, uses of media reports as documentary fonts for analysis of values and interests of three groups involved in discussions about the topic: the culture industry, government and artists / producers. Finally, performs a synthesis of the comparison between the values defended and the interests manifests (or hidden) of the groups

Public’s vulnerability against abusive practices of communication employed by organizations: limitations for civil monitoring

The present article reflects on the matter of civil surveillance over abusive practices of communication employed by private organizations, addressing how such practices, focused on an attempt to corrupt public opinion, create a fuzzy category whose monitoring is permeated by obstacles and difficulties. Then specifically explores the practice of astroturfing, understood as a manifestation of a simulated public, reflecting how their logical and dynamics configure an ambiguous and indeterminate practice

Linear verrucous epidermal nevus with oral manifestations: report of two cases

Linear verrucous epidermal nevi (LVEN) are characterized by verrucous papules often coalescing into well-demarcated skin-colored or brown plaques following the lines of Blaschko. We present two new cases of LVEN with oral mucosa involvement and briefly discuss this very rare finding. In both cases, oral biopsies showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and papillomatosis. Although several treatment modalities have been reported for the cutaneous lesions, there is no consensus for the management of oral lesions so far