Inclusão de transexuais, refugiados e imigrantes Latino-Americanos na rede federal de educaçaõ, utilizando o sistema de cotas/Inclusion of transsexuals, refugees and Latin American immigrants in the federal education network, using the quota system

A problemática da inclusão social na educação pública brasileira, em especial na rede federal, é tema dos mais relevantes. A educação é práxis social que tem por finalidade inserir os sujeitos no processo histórico, ao mesmo tempo em que contribui para a construção da subjetividade destes. Os sujeitos marginalizados, aqueles que são forçados a ocupar as beiras e a não estar no centro das coisas, necessitam de maior participação na construção da sociedade, de forma a eliminar ou minimizar essa situação de marginalização. Como exemplos desses sujeitos podemos citar os transexuais, os refugiados e os imigrantes latino-americanos. Para efeito deste estudo consideramos como mulher transexual toda pessoa que reivindica o reconhecimento como mulher e homem transexual é toda pessoa que reivindica o reconhecimento como homem, independente do sexo biológico. Já, o refugiado é toda a pessoa, que em razão de fundados temores de perseguição devido à sua raça, religião, nacionalidade, associação a determinado grupo social ou opinião política, encontra-se fora de seu país de origem. E imigrante latino-americano é todo aquele proveniente de um país da chamada América Latina que escolheu o Brasil como lugar de moradia. Após consultas a vários bancos de dados e entrevistas com os diversos sujeitos sociais, que podem ser classificados num ou em mais de um desses grupos, chegou-se à conclusão de que as cotas na rede federal de educação são necessárias, pois estes sujeitos estão expostos ao preconceito, ao subemprego e à exploração, em suas diversas nuanças. Ressalta-se, que esta política de cotas não pode ser implantada pontualmente, nessa ou naquela instituição, mas, sim, de forma global, por meio de legislação específica

Photobiomodulation reduces the cytokine storm syndrome associated with Covid-19 in the zebrafish model

Although the exact mechanism of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is not fully understood, oxidative stress and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been highlighted as playing a vital role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In this sense, alternative treatments are needed to reduce the inflammation caused by COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential effect of red PBM as an attractive therapy to downregulate the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19 from a zebrafish model. RT-PCR analyses and protein-protein interaction prediction among SARS-CoV-2 and Danio rerio proteins showed that rSpike was responsible for generating systemic inflammatory processes with significantly increased pro-inflammatory (il1b, il6, tnfa, and nfkbiab), oxidative stress (romo1) and energy metabolism (slc2a1a, coa1) mRNA markers, with a pattern like those observed in COVID-19 cases in humans. On the other hand, PBM treatment decreased the mRNA levels of these pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers compared with rSpike in various tissues, promoting an anti-inflammatory response. Conversely, PBM promotes cellular and tissue repair of injured tissues and significantly increases the survival rate of rSpike-inoculated individuals. Additionally, metabolomics analysis showed that the most impacted metabolic pathways between PBM and the rSpike-treated groups were related to steroid metabolism, immune system, and lipids metabolism. Together, our findings suggest that the inflammatory process is an incisive feature of COVID-19, and red PBM can be used as a novel therapeutic agent for COVID-19 by regulating the inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the need for more clinical trials remains, and there is a significant gap to overcome before clinical trials.publishedVersio

Distribution and Polymorphisms of Group I Introns in Mitochondrial Genes from <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> and <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i>

The species complexes Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are the causative agents of cryptococcosis. Virulence and susceptibility to antifungals may vary within each species according to the fungal genotype. Therefore, specific and easily accessible molecular markers are required to distinguish cryptic species and/or genotypes. Group I introns are potential markers for this purpose because they are polymorphic concerning their presence and sequence. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the presence of group I introns in the mitochondrial genes cob and cox1 in different Cryptococcus isolates. Additionally, the origin, distribution, and evolution of these introns were investigated by phylogenetic analyses, including previously sequenced introns for the mtLSU gene. Approximately 80.5% of the 36 sequenced introns presented homing endonucleases, and phylogenetic analyses revealed that introns occupying the same insertion site form monophyletic clades. This suggests that they likely share a common ancestor that invaded the site prior to species divergence. There was only one case of heterologous invasion, probably through horizontal transfer to C. decagattii (VGIV genotype) from another fungal species. Our results showed that the C. neoformans complex has fewer introns compared to C. gattii. Additionally, there is significant polymorphism in the presence and size of these elements, both among and within genotypes. As a result, it is impossible to differentiate the cryptic species using a single intron. However, it was possible to differentiate among genotypes within each species complex, by combining PCRs of mtLSU and cox1 introns, for C. neoformans species, and mtLSU and cob introns for C. gattii species

Intracranial extra-axial hemangioma in a newborn : a case report and literature review

Congenital hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors, and the intracranial counterpart was described in very few cases. Case Description: A newborn presented with an intracranial tumor associated with an arachnoid cyst, diagnosed by antenatal ultrasound at 37 weeks of gestation. Surgery was indicated due to increased head circumference and bulging fontanelle, and a complete resection of an extra‑axial red–brown tumor was performed at the 3rd week of life. Microscopy revealed a hemangioma. Conclusion: Hemangioma is a rare differential diagnosis that must be considered in extra‑axial intracranial tumors affecting infants and neonates. The radiological features are not helpful in differentiating from other tumors, and surgery is indicated when the diagnosis is uncertain or whenever there are signs of increased intracranial pressure

Intracranial extra-axial hemangioma in a newborn : a case report and literature review

Congenital hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors, and the intracranial counterpart was described in very few cases. Case Description: A newborn presented with an intracranial tumor associated with an arachnoid cyst, diagnosed by antenatal ultrasound at 37 weeks of gestation. Surgery was indicated due to increased head circumference and bulging fontanelle, and a complete resection of an extra‑axial red–brown tumor was performed at the 3rd week of life. Microscopy revealed a hemangioma. Conclusion: Hemangioma is a rare differential diagnosis that must be considered in extra‑axial intracranial tumors affecting infants and neonates. The radiological features are not helpful in differentiating from other tumors, and surgery is indicated when the diagnosis is uncertain or whenever there are signs of increased intracranial pressure

Mapping Global Potential Risk of Mango Sudden Decline Disease Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata.

The Mango Sudden Decline (MSD), also referred to as Mango Wilt, is an important disease of mango in Brazil, Oman and Pakistan. This fungus is mainly disseminated by the mango bark beetle, Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Stebbing), by infected plant material, and the infested soils where it is able to survive for long periods. The best way to avoid losses due to MSD is to prevent its establishment in mango production areas. Our objectives in this study were to: (1) predict the global potential distribution of MSD, (2) identify the mango growing areas that are under potential risk of MSD establishment, and (3) identify climatic factors associated with MSD distribution. Occurrence records were collected from Brazil, Oman and Pakistan where the disease is currently known to occur in mango. We used the correlative maximum entropy based model (MaxEnt) algorithm to assess the global potential distribution of MSD. The MaxEnt model predicted suitable areas in countries where the disease does not already occur in mango, but where mango is grown. Among these areas are the largest mango producers in the world including India, China, Thailand, Indonesia, and Mexico. The mean annual temperature, precipitation of coldest quarter, precipitation seasonality, and precipitation of driest month variables contributed most to the potential distribution of MSD disease. The mango bark beetle vector is known to occur beyond the locations where MSD currently exists and where the model predicted suitable areas, thus showing a high likelihood for disease establishment in areas predicted by our model. Our study is the first to map the potential risk of MSD establishment on a global scale. This information can be used in designing strategies to prevent introduction and establishment of MSD disease, and in preparation of efficient pest risk assessments and monitoring programs

First description of Candida nivariensis in Brazil: antifungal susceptibility profile and potential virulence attributes

Submitted by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-02-07T13:02:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Figueiredo-Carvalho_etal_INI_2016.pdf: 464438 bytes, checksum: ee6d22cc7f1982b3f79ad8fd32c6aa94 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-02-13T21:34:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Figueiredo-Carvalho_etal_INI_2016.pdf: 464438 bytes, checksum: ee6d22cc7f1982b3f79ad8fd32c6aa94 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-13T21:34:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Figueiredo-Carvalho_etal_INI_2016.pdf: 464438 bytes, checksum: ee6d22cc7f1982b3f79ad8fd32c6aa94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes. Departamento de Microbiologia Geral. Laboratório de Investigação de Peptidases. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes. Departamento de Microbiologia Geral. Laboratório de Investigação de Peptidases. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.This study evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile and the production of potential virulence attributes in a clinical strain of Candida nivariensis for the first time in Brazil, as identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-5.8S-ITS2 region and D1/D2 domains of the 28S of the rDNA. For comparative purposes, tests were also performed with reference strains. All strains presented low planktonic minimal inhibitory concentrations (PMICs) to amphotericin B (AMB), caspofungin (CAS), and voriconazole. However, our strain showed elevated planktonic MICs to posaconazole (POS) and itraconazole, in addition to fluconazole resistance. Adherence to inert surfaces was conducted onto glass and polystyrene. The biofilm formation and antifungal susceptibility on biofilm-growing cells were evaluated by crystal violet staining and a XTT reduction assay. All fungal strains were able to bind both tested surfaces and form biofilm, with a binding preference to polystyrene (p < 0.001). AMB promoted significant reductions (≈50%) in biofilm production by our C. nivariensis strain using both methodologies. This reduction was also observed for CAS and POS, but only in the XTT assay. All strains were excellent protease producers and moderate phytase producers, but lipases were not detected. This study reinforces the pathogenic potential of C. nivariensis and its possible resistance profile to the azolic drugs generally used for candidiasis management

Fluopsin C: A Review of the Antimicrobial Activity against Phytopathogens

Fluopsin C (FlpC) is an organocupric secondary metabolite with low-molecular-weight, produced by some Pseudomonas and Streptomyces bacteria. The compound was identified in 1970 as prismatic dark-green crystals, with strong antimicrobial activity against several human and phytopathogens. Due to its high cytotoxicity, research on this compound decreased after the 1970s. During the early 2000s, FlpC gained more attention as a promising compound by which to develop new antimicrobials to control human, animal, and plant pathogens. This study provides an overview of the results pertaining to the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of pure FlpC, as well as semi-purified fractions containing FlpC, against phytopathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, the bioprospection history of the extensively researched FlpC-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV strain and the related molecular evidence regarding the compound’s biosynthesis are discussed. Overall, FlpC is proposed to be an important alternative to antimicrobial resistance in human and animal health, and in tackling the negative environmental impacts caused by the exacerbated use of pesticides against phytopathogens

Global known occurrences of Mango Sudden Decline disease caused by <i>C</i>. <i>fimbriata</i> in mango trees.

<p>Global known occurrences of Mango Sudden Decline disease caused by <i>C</i>. <i>fimbriata</i> in mango trees.</p