O Estado Novo no controle da informação cotidiana: o caso da cidade de Natal (1941-1943) a partir do jornal “A República”

Daily information disseminated for `informational subjects´ by the Brazilian State went through varied moments of control, repression and silencing. These subjects live, create meanings and memories in this realm. Thus, in the decade of 1940 the city of Natal, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil has a great deal of presence Second World War conflicts. According to this, the problematic of this research is: Considering memorial evidence present in the Brazilian newspaper A República how was daily information produced and disseminated in the city of Natal from 1941 to 1943?. The research aims to analyze the types of daily information that circulated in that newspaper in Natal considering control apparatus of the “Estado Novo”. Specifically, it is aimed to characterize daily information process in the years of 19371943 under the structure of “Estado Novo”; Identify and categorize informational contents that circulated from 1941 to 1943 in the newspaper as well as to verify in the types of informational contents, the presence of meanings and intentionality, relating them to their producers. Theoretical foundation was based on quotidian of Lefebvre (1991); Heller (1992); Martins (2014), daily information with Xifras-Heras (1975); Gonçalves; Freire (2015) and Memory according to Le Goff (1990), Certeau (2013), Halbwachs (1990), Gondar (2016), Assman (2011) and Pollak (1989). The research is of descriptive nature with a qualitative approach and a hermeneutic-dialectical analysis according to (MYNAYO, 1996) considering also the varied information fonts and corpus delimitation according to the Artificial week (BAUER, 2002) and content analysis (BARDIN, 2009) and categorization technique. The research aims to contribute with studies regarding Natal´s involvement and information control in “Estado Novo” in the decade of 1940. Through this research the understanding of the informational culture is perceived broadening prior research on daily information in the field of Information Science, considered the essential contribution of memory. According to the analysis of A República the production, dissemination and use of daily information, underwent processes of change and were under the control of the Brazilian Department of Press and Propaganda as well as the State Department of Press and Propaganda. It was also seen that in all of its forms, information had collaboration of elite groups as well as local politics.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESO Estado brasileiro passa por variados momentos de controle, repressão e silenciamento da informação cotidiana, nos quais os sujeitos informacionais vivem, criam significados e conjuntos de lembranças. Diante disso, a década 1940, coloca a cidade de Natal, capital do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, em maior evidencia, frente aos conflitos da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Perante isso, a pesquisa tem como problemática, a partir dos indícios memorialísticos no Jornal A República, analisar como eram produzidas e disseminadas, as informações cotidianas na Cidade de Natal 1941-1943? Com objetivo geral de analisar os tipos de informações cotidianas que circulavam a partir desse jornal e nessa cidade, levando em consideração, os aparatos de controle do Estado Novo. Os objetivos específicos: Especificar como se davam os processos de informação cotidiana dos anos de 1937-1943 na estrutura do Estado Novo; Identificar, categorizar e mapear a partir do Jornal A República quais conteúdos informacionais, circulavam em Natal (1941-1943); Verificar nos conteúdos informacionais, a presença de sentidos e intencionalidades, relacionando-as a seus produtores. Com uma fundamentação teórica no cotidiano de Lefebvre (1991); Heller (1992); Martins (2014), informação cotidiana com Xifras-Heras (1975); Gonçalves; Freire (2015) e em memória, com Le Goff (1990), Certeau (2013), Halbwachs (1990), Gondar (2016), Assman (2011), Pollak (1989). Metodologicamente é uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, de análise hermenêutica-dialética (MYNAYO, 1996), de diversas fontes documentais e com recorte de corpus para os jornais com Semana Artificial (BAUER, 2002) e análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2009) a partir da técnica de categorização. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa procura, contribuir nos estudos sobre o controle da informação no Estado Novo e Natal na década de 1940 com seu envolvimento na Segunda Guerra. Por meio dessa busca, também o entendimento da cultura informacional, além de alargar as pesquisas sobre informação cotidiana no campo da Ciência da Informação, sendo aqui, o aporte da memória essencial, considerando por fim, que a produção, disseminação e uso da informação cotidiana de acordo com a análise do A República, passara por processos de mudança que atendiam ao controle do Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda (DIP) e do Departamento Estadual de Imprensa e Propaganda (DEIP), porém, toda forma tinha corroboração dos grupos da maior parte dos grupos da elite e da política local

Cianobactérias psâmicas em sedimentos marginais da lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

The Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon is a brackish aquatic body, lies within the coordinates 22º57'02"- 22º52'09" S and 43º11'09" -43º13'03" W, in the Rio de Janeiro State. The psammic cyanobacteria live in the surface of the sediment and between the clastic grains, mainly quartz. The objective of the present study was identification of the psammic cyanobacteria found in the marginal portion of the lagoon and the determination of physical -chemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature of the water and sediment and pH) in the places of sampling of the psammic cianobacteria. Sampling during the year of 2007 had been carried through, in the period of ebb tide of the lagoon, where five sample stations had been established. The taxonomic analisys was made with fresh and permanent slides, through optic microscope mensuration, that allowed to observe its classic morphological characteristics. The families Chroococcaceae Nägeli 1849 and Synechococcaceae Komárek & Anagnostidis 1995 is most frequent, for 41% and 18,2% respectively of the joined species. The other observed families presented the following percentages: Phormidiaceae Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988 with 13,4%; Entophysalidaceae Geitler 1925; Schizothrichaecae Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988; Oscillatoriaceae former (Harvey) Kirchener 1898 and Nostocaceae Kutzing 1943 each one with 4,5%A lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas é um corpo aquático salobro, que está localizado entre as latitudes 22º57'02" e 22º52'09"S e longitudes 43º11'09" e 43º13'03"W, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. As cianobactérias psâmicas vivem na superfície do sedimento e entre os grãos sedimentares, principalmente entre os de quartzo. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram a identificação das cianobactérias psâmicas encontradas na porção marginal da lagoa e a determinação dos parâmetros físico-químicos (taxa de oxigênio dissolvido, salinidade, temperatura da água e sedimento, e pH) nos locais de amostragem das cianobactérias psâmicas. Foram realizadas coletas durante o ano de 2007, no período de vazante da lagoa, onde foram estabelecidas cinco estações de coleta. O processamento da análise taxonômica envolveu a confecção de lâminas frescas e permanentes, com realização de medidas em microscópio, onde foram observadas as características morfológicas clássicas. As famílias Chroococcaceae Nägeli 1849 e Synechococcaceae Komárek & Anagnostidis 1995 são as mais freqüentes respondendo por aproximadamente 41 % e 18,2% respectivamente das espécies encontradas. As demais famílias observadas apresentaram os seguintes percentuais: Phormidiaceae Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988 com 13,4%; Nostocaceae Kutzing 1943 com 9,1%; Entophysalidaceae Geitler 1925; Schizothrichaecae Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988 e Oscillatoriaceae (Harvey) Kirchener 1898 cada uma com 4,5

Influence of different adhesive systems on the pull-out bond strength of glass fiber posts

This in vitro study evaluated the tensile bond strength of glass fiber posts (Reforpost - Angelus-Brazil) cemented to root dentin with a resin cement (RelyX ARC - 3M/ESPE) associated with two different adhesive systems (Adper Single Bond - 3M/ESPE and Adper Scotchbond Multi Purpose (MP) Plus - 3M/ESPE), using the pull-out test. Twenty single-rooted human teeth with standardized root canals were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n=10): G1- etching with 37% phosphoric acid gel (3M/ESPE) + Adper Single Bond + #1 post (Reforpost - Angelus) + four #1 accessory posts (Reforpin - Angelus) + resin cement; G2- etching with 37% phosphoric acid gel + Adper Scotchbond MP Plus + #1 post + four #1 accessory posts + resin cement. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 7 days and submitted to the pull-out test in a universal testing machine (EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The mean values of bond strength (kgf) and standard deviation were: G1- 29.163 ± 7.123; G2- 37.752 ±13.054. Statistical analysis (Student's t-test; a=0.05 showed no statistically significant difference (

Estudio de los accidentes en la infancia y registrados en una unidad de urgencias pediátricas

The aim of this study was identify cases of accidents victimizing children assisted at the emergence ward of a general hospital. Data were collected from January to March, 1999 through a protocol with variables related to the identification of the accidents as well as of the children. The sample in the study consisted of 890 children of whom 56.1% were males and 43.9% were females. The most prevalent accident was fall (46.9%), the age with a major incidence was between 7 and 11 years old, the parents were present to 43.4% of the cases. The children were discharged from hospital after being given care in 95.7% of the cases.El objetivo de éste estudio fue el de identificar los accidentes infantiles registrados en una unidad de Urgencias Pediátricas (UUP). Los datos fueron recolectados en el periodo de Enero a Marzo de 1999, utilizando un cuestionario que contenía datos sobre la identificación del niño y del accidente. La población estuvo conformada por 942 niños y la muestra fue reducida para 890. Principales resultados: la faja etárea más afectada fue la de 7 a 11 anos, siendo 56,1% del sexo masculino y 43,9% femenino; el tipo de accidente más frecuente fue la caída (46,9%), los padres estaban presentes en 43,4% de los casos. En 95,7% de las ocurrencias, el niño recibió alta hospitalaria después de ser tendido.O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os acidentes na infância registrados em um pronto socorro infantil. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e março de 1999, através de um questionário contendo dados sobre a identificação da criança e do acidente. A população constou de 942 crianças e a amostra ficou reduzida para 890. Principais resultados: a faixa etária mais atingida foi de 7-11 anos, sendo 56,1% do sexo masculino e 43,9% feminino, o tipo de acidente mais freqüente foi queda (46,9%), os pais estavam presentes em 43,4% dos casos. Em 95,7% das ocorrências a criança recebeu alta hospitalar após o atendimento.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Enfermagem Disciplina de Enfermagem PediátricaUNIFESP, Depto. de Enfermagem Disciplina de Enfermagem PediátricaSciEL

Evaluating steel fiber‐reinforced self‐consolidating concrete performance

The fiber‐reinforced self‐compacting concrete (FR‐SCC) is considered a high‐performance material, clustering characteristics of SCC combined with steel fibers. This paper assessed fresh and hardened state properties of a reference SCC and a FR‐SCC with fibers of three types and three quantities of reinforcement, totalizing 10 mixtures. Fresh state properties of the mixture were evaluated through the tests of slump‐flow, flow rate, filling ability, plastic viscosity by V‐funnel, passing ability by J‐ring and by L‐box; and hardened properties comprised compressive strength, flexural strength, and flexural toughness. Overall, it was observed that increasing the amount and length of fibers hindered the mixture workability. Also, the flexural strength and flexural toughness increased as the length and the amount of fibers increased. Regarding mechanical properties, it was not possible to identify an equivalence between the types of fibers evaluated and the compressive strength of mixtures. The flexural was proportional to the amount of fibers, with increases of up to 30% for concretes with fibers

Evaluation of antifungal activity of essential oils against potentially mycotoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus

The antifungal activity of essential oils of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Apiaceae), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae), mint (Mentha piperita L., Lamiaceae) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L., Lamiaceae) was evaluated against mycotoxin producers Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. High Resolution Gas Chromatography was applied to analyze chemical constituents of essential oils. The effect of different concentrations of essential oils was determined by solid medium diffusion assay. Mycelial growth and sporulation were determined for each essential oil at the concentrations established by solid medium diffusion assay. At the fifth, seventh and ninth days the mycelial diameter (Ø mm) and spore production were also determined. FUN-1 staining was performed to assess cell viability after broth macrodilution assay. Trans-anethole, zingiberene, menthol and thymol are the major component of essential oils of fennel, ginger, mint and thyme, respectively. The effective concentrations for fennel, ginger, mint and thyme were 50, 80, 50 and 50% (oil/DMSO; v/v), respectively. The four essential oils analysed in this study showed antifungal effect. Additionally, FUN-1 staining showed to be a suitable method to evaluate cell viability of potential mycotoxigenic fungi A. flavus and A. parasiticus after treatment with essential oils.The authors are grateful to the colleagues from Laboratory of EPAMIG and Microbiology DEB/UFLA and the Micoteca da Universidade do Minho, Center for Biological Engineering, UMINHO for their support to perform this work. A special aknowledgment is also due to the FAPEMIG and MUM-UMINHO for the financial support of bench work and to CAPES for granting the first author with a PhD scholarship

Chemical Composition and In Vitro Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil from Leaves of Zanthoxylum monogynum St. Hill (Rutaceae).

Background: The Zanthoxylum monogynum species belongs to the family Rutaceae and is found in Southeast, Midwest, and Northeast Brazil. For this genus several biological activities have been described. Methods: The essential oil (EO) was obtained from the leaves of Zanthoxylum monogynum by hydro-distillation and was analyzed by gas chromatograph and gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (GC and GC/MS). Also the EO of Z. monogynum was evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity against six tumor cell lines and for antimicrobial activity, performing disk diffusion and MIC assays with yeast and bacterial strains. Results: The chemical analysis afforded the identification of 18 components (99.0% of the EO). The major components were found to be citronellol (43.0%) and farnesol (32.0%). The in vitro cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines, resulted in IC50 values ranging from 11-65 µg/mL against all tested cell lines. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was also tested and oil was effective, especially against Cryptococcus sp. yeast. All the tested yeast strains showed at least 90% growth inhibition. Conclusions: the essential oil from leaves of Z. monogynum has a different qualitative and quantitative composition when compared to the composition previously described. Also this EO has significant cytotoxic activity and moderate activity against Cryptococcus sp. and Saccharomyces cereviseae yeasts