El régimen del tiempo

Fil: Silva, Dora E.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letra

New genres and formats of cultural journalism in the digital landscape

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Cultural journalism in a digital environment : new models, practices and possibilities

Both culture coverage and digital journalism are contemporary phenomena that have undergone several transformations within a short period of time. Whenever the media enters a period of uncertainty such as the present one, there is an attempt to innovate in order to seek sustainability, skip the crisis or find a new public. This indicates that there are new trends to be understood and explored, i.e., how are media innovating in a digital environment? Not only does the professional debate about the future of journalism justify the need to explore the issue, but so do the academic approaches to cultural journalism. However, none of the studies so far have considered innovation as a motto or driver and tried to explain how the media are covering culture, achieving sustainability and engaging with the readers in a digital environment. This research examines how European media which specialize in culture or have an important cultural section are innovating in a digital environment. Specifically, we see how these innovation strategies are being taken in relation to the approach to culture and dominant cultural areas, editorial models, the use of digital tools for telling stories, overall brand positioning and extensions, engagement with the public and business models. We conducted a mixed methods study combining case studies of four media projects, which integrates qualitative web features and content analysis, with quantitative web content analysis. Two major general-interest journalistic brands which started as physical newspapers – The Guardian (London, UK) and Público (Lisbon, Portugal) – a magazine specialized in international affairs, culture and design – Monocle (London, UK) – and a native digital media project that was launched by a cultural organization – Notodo, by La Fábrica – were the four case studies chosen. Findings suggest, on one hand, that we are witnessing a paradigm shift in culture coverage in a digital environment, challenging traditional boundaries related to cultural themes and scope, angles, genres, content format and delivery, engagement and business models. Innovation in the four case studies lies especially along the product dimensions (format and content), brand positioning and process (business model and ways to engage with users). On the other hand, there are still perennial values that are crucial to innovation and sustainability, such as commitment to journalism, consistency (to the reader, to brand extensions and to the advertiser), intelligent differentiation and the capability of knowing what innovation means and how it can be applied, since this thesis also confirms that one formula doesn´t suit all. Changing minds, exceeding cultural inertia and optimizing the memory of the websites, looking at them as living, organic bodies, which continuously interact with the readers in many different ways, and not as a closed collection of articles, are still the main challenges for some media.Both culture coverage and digital journalism are contemporary phenomena that have undergone several transformations within a short period of time. Whenever the media enters a period of uncertainty such as the present one, there is an attempt to innovate in order to seek sustainability, skip the crisis or find a new public. This indicates that there are new trends to be understood and explored, i.e., how are media innovating in a digital environment? Not only does the professional debate about the future of journalism justify the need to explore the issue, but so do the academic approaches to cultural journalism. However, none of the studies so far have considered innovation as a motto or driver and tried to explain how the media are covering culture, achieving sustainability and engaging with the readers in a digital environment. This research examines how European media which specialize in culture or have an important cultural section are innovating in a digital environment. Specifically, we see how these innovation strategies are being taken in relation to the approach to culture and dominant cultural areas, editorial models, the use of digital tools for telling stories, overall brand positioning and extensions, engagement with the public and business models. We conducted a mixed methods study combining case studies of four media projects, which integrates qualitative web features and content analysis, with quantitative web content analysis. Two major general-interest journalistic brands which started as physical newspapers – The Guardian (London, UK) and Público (Lisbon, Portugal) – a magazine specialized in international affairs, culture and design – Monocle (London, UK) – and a native digital media project that was launched by a cultural organization – Notodo, by La Fábrica – were the four case studies chosen. Findings suggest, on one hand, that we are witnessing a paradigm shift in culture coverage in a digital environment, challenging traditional boundaries related to cultural themes and scope, angles, genres, content format and delivery, engagement and business models. Innovation in the four case studies lies especially along the product dimensions (format and content), brand positioning and process (business model and ways to engage with users). On the other hand, there are still perennial values that are crucial to innovation and sustainability, such as commitment to journalism, consistency (to the reader, to brand extensions and to the advertiser), intelligent differentiation and the capability of knowing what innovation means and how it can be applied, since this thesis also confirms that one formula doesn´t suit all. Changing minds, exceeding cultural inertia and optimizing the memory of the websites, looking at them as living, organic bodies, which continuously interact with the readers in many different ways, and not as a closed collection of articles, are still the main challenges for some media

Média e migrações forçadas: representações sociais dos refugiados nos média portugueses em dois momentos mediáticos (2015 e 2019)

Forced migration movements marked the economic, political, and social agenda in 2015. Consequently, these events also determined the agenda of the media, which took on an essential role in the social representation of refugees. In 2019, when humanitarian ships found it hard to dock at European ports, we saw another peak in media coverage. The purpose of this article is to analyse how the Portuguese media covered the theme of forced migration during two of the most relevant moments (2015 and 2019) and thus, how they contributed to the social representation of refugees. After a content analysis, we concluded that the newspapers on which our study focused undervalued refugees as individuals with their own identity, reducing them to a homogeneous and voiceless group. This trend, already present in 2015, was further emphasised in 2019. There was a clear absence of explanatory articles, with the media output showing a predominance of western perspective and a constant reliance on news agencies as sources.Os movimentos migratórios forçados marcaram a agenda económica, política e social em 2015 e, nessa sequência, a dos média, que assumiram um papel essencial na representação social dos refugiados. Em 2019, assistimos a um novo momento mediático, motivado pelas dificuldades encontradas pelos navios humanitários em atracar nos portos europeus. O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a forma como os média portugueses cobriram a temática das migrações forçadas em dois momentos mediaticamente relevantes, em 2015 e em 2019, e de que forma contribuíram para a representação social dos refugiados. A partir de uma análise de conteúdo, concluímos que os jornais analisados subvalorizaram os refugiados enquanto indivíduos com identidade própria, reduzindo-os a um grupo homogéneo e sem voz. Esta tendência, já presente em 2015, acentuou-se em 2019 com a ausência de artigos explicativos, com a predominância de uma visão ocidental e uma dependência das agências de notícias

Práticas de gestão de recursos humanos: um estudo na indústria turística em Portugal

O Turismo em Portugal traduz uma das grandes apostas a nível económico e financeiro. Com o aumento da procura no Turismo Português e com a grande competitividade existente é imperativo, que a qualidade e a diferenciação dos produtos e dos serviços seja decisiva para a competitividade de muitos empreendimentos. Tal implica, não só, a prestação de serviços diferenciadores mas também a valorização dos colaboradores no suporte ao crescimento do setor em Portugal, através de um sistema adequado de gestão e desenvolvimento de recursos humanos. Para uma melhoria da performance organizacional, a função recursos humanos tende a assumir nas últimas décadas uma perspetiva estratégica, cujo foco seja no desenvolvimento coerente de práticas de GRH orientadas para a eficácia na performance organizacional e vantagem competitiva, através das pessoas (Bonache, 2010; Esteves, 2009; Guest, 1989; Martins et al., 2013). A Gestão Estratégica de Recursos Humanos (GERH), que emerge na última década do século passado distancia-se da visão quantitativa e coletiva da anterior abordagem - perspetiva de Gestão Tradicional de Recursos Humanos (GTRH). A GERH centrada numa visão mais qualitativa e individual define-se pela posse de competências difíceis de imitar, garantindo-lhe a vantagem competitiva de que necessita para se afirmar no contexto de mercado global atual (Martins et al., 2013). Esta diferenciação conceptual entre ambas as dimensões da GRH conduziu à emergência de diversas práticas de GRH destinadas, por um lado, à adequação e às exigências de curto prazo (através do desenvolvimento de Práticas Tradicionais de GRH), herdadas da dimensão tradicional da GRH e, por outro lado, responder às necessidades de médio e longo prazos, com o objetivo de ajudar as organizações a adaptarem-se às mudanças decorrentes da economia global após 1990 (através do desenvolvimento de Práticas Estratégicas de GRH). É sobre esta perspetiva que este estudo se debruça, tendo como principal objetivo caracterizar quais as práticas de gestão de recursos humanos (PGRH), Estratégicas ou Tradicionais, existentes nos empreendimentos turísticos em Portugal. Procuramos, mais especificamente, (a) identificar as PGRH predominantes nos empreendimentos turísticos em Portugal; (b) conhecer o grau de intervenção que o gestor de RH tem no desenvolvimento dessas PGRH existentes nos empreendimentos turísticos e; (c) caracterizar o estado de desenvolvimento da função de GRH nos empreendimentos turísticos. Para o efeito recorremos à metodologia quantitativa, utilizando o inquérito por questionário. Foram inquiridos 87 responsáveis pela função Recursos Humanos do setor hoteleiro e empreendimentos turísticos do contexto português, via on-line e presencialmente. Os resultados demonstram que as PGRH Estratégicas predominantes são (1) a Comunicação e Partilha de Informação, (2) a Melhoria das Condições de Trabalho (3) e a Participação e Envolvimento dos Trabalhadores. Como PGRH mais Tradicionais os resultados apresentam como principais práticas a (1) Higiene e Segurança no Trabalho, (2) a Contratação (3) e a Formação Profissional. A evidência empírica aponta para o predomínio de um padrão mais tradicional de práticas de GRH desenvolvidas neste setor em Portugal atribuindo ao responsável pela função RH um papel meramente administrativo

Variáveis psicossociais no excesso de peso e na obesidade infantil

Obesity is a complex disease with not only physical consequences but also psychological. The aim of the present work was to analyze differences between community children with normal weight versus community overweight children versus children with overweight in clinical setting, at the level of quality of life, psychological morbidity and self-concept . The study sample has 267 children represented in three groups: group of community children with normal weight (N = 147), group of community overweight children (N = 89) and a group of overweight children in treatment (N = 31). The results from this study showed differences on quality of life, for the total scale and on the dimension of physical health and school health, in which overweight children in the clinical sample are the ones who presented more negative perception of physical health and school health, when compared with community children with normal weight vs community overweight children. For the rest of the dimensions of quality of life, no significant differences were found between the three groups. Regarding the self-concept on the group of children with a clinical diagnosis of obesity they perceived themselves as less competent relative to school competency, athletic competency, physical appearance, social acceptance, behavior and self-esteem. Regarding the variable depression this study suggests that community overweight children present more depressive symptomatology when compared with the other groups. No significant differences were found regarding anxiety symptomatology. To summarize, results from this empirical study demonstrated the importance of psychological variables when in the presence of obesity.A obesidade acarreta consequências para além das meramente relacionadas com a saúde física, sendo também de salientar os aspetos psicossociais. Com o objetivo de avaliar as diferenças ao nível da qualidade de vida, morbilidade psicológica e imagem pessoal (autoconceito) foram avaliadas 267 crianças divididas em três grupos: um grupo de crianças da comunidade com peso normal (N = 147), um grupo de crianças da comunidade com excesso de peso/obesidade (N = 89) e um grupo de crianças com excesso de peso/obesidade em tratamento (grupo clínico) (N = 31). Os resultados mostraram que as crianças com excesso de peso/obesidade em tratamento são as que têm uma percepção mais negativa da sua saúde física e da saúde escolar, quando comparadas com as restantes crianças. Relativamente ao auto-conceito o grupo de crianças com excesso de peso/obesidade do grupo clínico perceciona-se como menos competente no domínio escolar, atlético, aparência física, aceitação social, comportamento e auto-estima. As crianças do grupo clínico com excesso de peso/obesidade apresentam ainda mais sintomatologia depressiva quando comparadas com as crianças da comunidade com peso normal e com as crianças do grupo clínico. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas ao nível da sintomatologia ansiosa nas três amostras estudadas. Em suma, as diferenças entre os grupos avaliados podem refletir diferentes características das crianças com excesso de peso/obesidade que procuram tratamento

The importance of shift work: the hospitality sector

This study explores the importance of shift work in the organizational context of the hospitality sector. To answer its four research objectives: (1) to identify the degree of satisfaction with the shift work regime; (2) to characterize individual motivations for doing shift work; (3) to understand the impact of shift work on the worker’s physical, mental, social well-being and family environment and (4) to identify the willingness for choosing shift work a survey was developed, published online and it gathered the answers of 153 shift workers in the hospitality sector. The results indicate that the main motivation to work in shifts is related to the requirement of the function itself. The degree of satisfaction of workers doing shift work tends to decrease when they evaluate their satisfaction with the balance between work life and the other dimensions - personal, family, and social life. Most respondents say that if they could choose, they would not work in shifts, considering its negative effects on their physical and mental wellbeing, as well as on their family and social well-being. From the results obtained, we will contribute to the literature on shift work by showing the need for greater organizational support, be it at the level of physical conditions of work or the level of benefits promoting social well-being for this category of workers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Brazilian Sanitary Reform’s influence in the construction of a national bioethics

Este artigo de revisão reconstrói em linhas gerais o caminho percorrido pela bioética brasileira na formulação de linhas autóctones de estudo e pesquisa a partir da relação entre essas linhas e o processo histórico e social que consolidou a Reforma Sanitária no país. Foram selecionados os trabalhos e perspectivas teóricas que se propõem a atuar no mesmo âmbito, a dimensão social; que se referem a grupos ou segmentos particularmente vulneráveis; que questionam as relações de poder a partir da identificação das desigualdades sociais, bem como as voltadas para os mesmo parâmetros norteadores, os tratados de direitos humanos, ou ainda aquelas que incluem no rol de sua temática a discussão sobre a qualidade de vida. A apresentação destas distintas visões da bioética brasileira está circunscrita aos pontos tangenciais específicos acima relacionados e orientada cronologicamente a partir da criação do termo “bioética” nos meios acadêmicos estadunidenses. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis revision article remakes in general guidelines the path to the Brazilian Bioethics in the planning of research and education autochthones lines from the relations between these lines and the social and historical process that consolidated the Brazilian Sanitary Reform. The works and theoretical perspectives selected have the proposal to act in the some scope, the social dimension; that relate to groups or particularly vulnerable segments that question the power relationship from the identification of the social inequalities as well as to the ones focused in the same orienting parameters, the Human Rights treaties; or the ones that included in its themathical rol the discussion about quality of life. The presentation of these distinct points of views of the Brazilian Bioethics are circumscribed at the tangential specifically relationed above and chronologically orientated from the creation of the “Bioethics” term in the North American academic environment

Integrating semantic resources to support SME knowledge communities

The development of ontologies to unify and to put into context the different concepts and terms of the sometimes rather traditional and locally coloured construction industry domains is a necessary step to avoid misinterpretations and inefficient communication. The KNOW-CONSTRUCT project, as an approach to this task, decided to re-use, as far as possible, existing ontologies, classification systems and other semantic resources in order to develop a system for the integration, management and reuse of the area specific knowledge via a common knowledge base in order to consolidate and provide access to integrated knowledge, making community emergent knowledge a significant added value.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A content analysis of digital coverage about Brazil and Portugal (2012-2018)

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