Noether's Theorem for Control Problems on Time Scales

We prove a generalization of Noether's theorem for optimal control problems defined on time scales. Particularly, our results can be used for discrete-time, quantum, and continuous-time optimal control problems. The generalization involves a one-parameter family of maps which depend also on the control and a Lagrangian which is invariant up to an addition of an exact delta differential. We apply our results to some concrete optimal control problems on an arbitrary time scale.Comment: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published in International Journal of Difference Equations ISSN 0973-6069, Vol. 9 (2014), no. 1, 87--10

Optimal Control of the Thermistor Problem in Three Spatial Dimensions

This paper is concerned with the state-constrained optimal control of the three-dimensional thermistor problem, a fully quasilinear coupled system of a parabolic and elliptic PDE with mixed boundary conditions. This system models the heating of a conducting material by means of direct current. Local existence, uniqueness and continuity for the state system are derived by employing maximal parabolic regularity in the fundamental theorem of Pr\"uss. Global solutions are addressed, which includes analysis of the linearized state system via maximal parabolic regularity, and existence of optimal controls is shown if the temperature gradient is under control. The adjoint system involving measures is investigated using a duality argument. These results allow to derive first-order necessary conditions for the optimal control problem in form of a qualified optimality system. The theoretical findings are illustrated by numerical results

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa SMP Kelas VII pada Materi Aljabar dengan Menggunakan Strategi Joyful Learning

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII pada materi Aljabar dengan menggunakan Strategi Joyful Learning. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 31 siswa kelas VII B SMP Negeri 7 Salatiga. Teknik pengumpulan data pada peneliltian ini meliputi observasi, wawancara, tes dan dokumentasi. Penerapan strategi joyful learning dilakukan dalam 1 siklus yang terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap observasi dan tahap refleksi. Hasil penelitian pada pra siklus menunjukan nilai rata-rata kelas yang diperoleh sebesar 26,41%, setelah diberikan tindakan pada siklus I dengan menggunakan strategi joyful learning mengalami peningkatan hasil belajar dengan nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 64,52% dengan siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 24 siswa atau 77,41%. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan penerapan strategi joyful learning, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi joyful learningdapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa

Necessary Optimality Conditions for a Dead Oil Isotherm Optimal Control Problem

We study a system of nonlinear partial differential equations resulting from the traditional modelling of oil engineering within the framework of the mechanics of a continuous medium. Recent results on the problem provide existence, uniqueness and regularity of the optimal solution. Here we obtain the first necessary optimality conditions.Comment: 9 page

Ending Injustice: Solving the Initial Appearance Crisis

Most Americans expect that if they are arrested, they will quickly appear before a judge, learn about the charges, and have an attorney assigned to defend them. The reality is vastly different. After arrest, a person can wait in jail for days, weeks, or even months before seeing a judge or meeting an attorney. This report chronicles the resulting initial appearance crisis and highlights its devastating consequences. More importantly, it provides policymakers and advocates with actionable recommendations.https://scholar.smu.edu/deasoncenter/1002/thumbnail.jp

Pengaruh Variasi Perlakuan Alkali terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Komposit Berpenguat Serat Eceng Gondok

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a weed plant in aquatic areas that lives floating in waters. Water hyacinth has a very fast reproduction so that this plant is considered as a plant that damages the environment. In this research, water hyacinth fiber-reinforced composites were made. The main variables of this study were the volume fraction variation of 15% and the alkaline process using NaOH concentration of 0% and 5% immersion for 2 hours with the tensile testing procedure referring to ASTM D 3039. From the results of the study obtained the average maximum tensile strength 19.71 ± 4.60 MPa at 5% NaOH delignification for 2 hours and the lowest average tensile strength at 0% NaOH delignification for 2 hours 14,76 ± 1,98 MPa

How Knowledgeable are Non-Radiology Doctors on Ionizing Radiation

Background: Due to the risk of hazard from ionizing radiation, non-radiology doctors who refer patients to the radiology departments ought to be knowledgeable enough about what their patients are subjected to. The high throughput of radiology requests in our centre in Nigeria justifies this study. Aim: To evaluate the level of knowledge of non-radiology doctors on ionizing radiation with a view to reviewing local protocols on justification of investigations involving ionizing radiation. Material and method: Eighty (80) structured questionnaires were administered to non-radiology doctors practising in different hospitals n Kano city, Nigeria. Answers were elicited on radiation protection principles, concept of ionizing radiation, radiation effects, imaging modalities that emit ionizing radiation, radiation measurements and attitude towards ionizing radiation. Results: Seventy questionnaires were returned out of the eighty sent out with sixty-four (80 %) being properly filled. Knowledge of non-radiology doctors was variable on different indices; 15.6 %, n = 10 (fundamental principles of radiation protection); 45.3 %, n = 29 (effects of ionizing radiation); 34.4 %,  n = 22 (knowledge on ionizing property of radiation); 73 %, n = 47 (emission of ionizing radiation by computed tomography); and 85.9 %, n = 55 (interest in specific modality). Conclusion:  Non-radiology doctors in Kano metropolis have fairly good knowledge of potential hazards of radiation

RISK ASSESSMENT OF OPEN PIT SLOPE DESIGN AT PT ADARO INDONESIA

Risk assessment of open pit slope stability is an important aspect to be considered in a decision making of slope design. The risk of slope failure that occurred on the slopes of the mine affect two factors namely the failure probability (FP), and consequences (C) of slope failure. FP is obtained from the collection of the value of Safety Factor (SF) < 1 compared to the total value of SF, while the consequences is estimated from the sectional area multiplied by the width of slope failure. Physical and mechanical properties of sandstone was collected from PT Adaro Indonesia, and tested by “Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S)” fitting method to obtain an assumed theoretical distribution that be sued with the character of the original distribution data. “Monte Carlo (MC)” and “Latin Hy- percube (LH)” sampling method is used as a tool to generate sample data, and both methods were compared. Finally Validation is conducted in order to propose an acceptable criteria of FP for single slope of sandstone

How cells handle DNA breaks during mitosis : detection, signaling, repair, and fate choice

Mitosis is controlled by a complex series of signaling pathways but mitotic control following DNA damage remains poorly understood. Effective DNA damage sensing and repair is integral to survival but is largely thought to occur primarily in interphase and be repressed during mitosis due to the risk of telomere fusion. There is, however, increasing evidence to suggest tight control of mitotic progression in the incidence of DNA damage, whether induced in mitotic cells or having progressed from failed interphase checkpoints. Here we will discuss what is known to date about signaling pathways controlling mitotic progression and resulting cell fate in the incidence of mitotic DNA damage