Early patterning of cloned mouse embryos contributes to post-implantation development

AbstractSeveral research groups have suggested that the embryonic–abembryonic (Em–Ab) axis in the mouse can be predicted by the first cleavage plane of the early embryo. Currently, it is not known whether this early patterning occurs in cloned embryos produced by nuclear transfer and whether it affects development to term. In this work, the relationship between the first cleavage plane and the Em–Ab axis was determined by the labeling of one blastomere in cloned mouse embryos at the 2-cell stage, followed by ex-vivo tracking until the blastocyst stage. The results demonstrate that approximately half of the cloned blastocysts had an Em–Ab axis perpendicular to the initial cleavage plane of the 2-cell stage. These embryos were classified as “orthogonal” and the remainder as “deviant”. Additionally, we report here that cloned embryos were significantly more often orthogonal than their naturally fertilized counterparts and overexpressed Sox2. Orthogonal cloned embryos demonstrated a higher rate of post-implantation embryonic development than deviant embryos, but cloned pups did not all survive. These results reveal that the angular relationship between the Em–Ab axis and the first cleavage plane can influence later development and they support the hypothesis that proper early patterning of mammalian embryos is required after nuclear transfer

Construction of a map-based reference genome sequence for barley, Hordeum vulgare L.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a cereal grass mainly used as animal fodder and raw material for the malting industry. The map-based reference genome sequence of barley cv. `Morex' was constructed by the International Barley Genome Sequencing Consortium (IBSC) using hierarchical shotgun sequencing. Here, we report the experimental and computational procedures to (i) sequence and assemble more than 80,000 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones along the minimum tiling path of a genome-wide physical map, (ii) find and validate overlaps between adjacent BACs, (iii) construct 4,265 non-redundant sequence scaffolds representing clusters of overlapping BACs, and (iv) order and orient these BAC clusters along the seven barley chromosomes using positional information provided by dense genetic maps, an optical map and chromosome conformation capture sequencing (Hi-C). Integrative access to these sequence and mapping resources is provided by the barley genome explorer (BARLEX).Peer reviewe

A chromosome conformation capture ordered sequence of the barley genome

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Prediction of the Share of Solar Power in China Based on FGM (1,1) Model

In recent years, fossil energy reserves have decreased year by year, and the development and use of renewable energy has attracted great attention of governments all over the world. China continues to promote the high-quality development of renewable energy such as solar power generation. Accurate prediction of the share of solar power in China is beneficial to implementing the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. According to the website of China’s National Bureau of statistics, the earliest annual data of China’s solar power generation is 2017, which leads to there being very few data on the share of China’s solar power generation. Therefore, the prediction accuracy of most prediction methods is low, and the advantages of the grey prediction model are shown. Based on the share of solar power in China from 2017 to 2020, this paper constructs an FGM (1,1) model, calculates r using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and predicts the share of solar power in China in the next few years. r = 0.3858 and MAPE = 0.20% were obtained by calculation of the model. The prediction results show that the share of solar power generation in China will increase year by year, and it will reach about 4.2301% by 2030. In addition, it is found that the share of China’s solar power generation in 2021 is 2.1520%, and the predicted value is 2.1906%. It can be seen that the prediction error is small. Finally, the limitations and future research directions are elucidated. The prediction results presented in this paper will help to guide the development of solar power generation in China, and are of great significance in speeding up the pace of energy structural adjustment, accelerating the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, and promoting sustainable development

<i>Cis</i>-Bis(2,2′-Azopyridinido)dicarbonylruthenium(II)

An [Ru(apy)2Cl2] precursor (apy = 2,2′-azopyridine) in 2-methoxyethanol was heated under a pressurized CO atmosphere to afford a diradical complex, [Ru(apy·−)2(CO)2], containing one-electron-reduced azo anion radical ligands. The electronic states of the complex were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and computational studies. Magnetic measurements revealed the existence of antiferromagnetic interactions in the diradical complex

Cis-Bis(2,2′-Azopyridinido)dicarbonylruthenium(II)

An [Ru(apy)2Cl2] precursor (apy = 2,2&prime;-azopyridine) in 2-methoxyethanol was heated under a pressurized CO atmosphere to afford a diradical complex, [Ru(apy&middot;&minus;)2(CO)2], containing one-electron-reduced azo anion radical ligands. The electronic states of the complex were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and computational studies. Magnetic measurements revealed the existence of antiferromagnetic interactions in the diradical complex

Prediction of the Share of Solar Power in China Based on FGM (1,1) Model

In recent years, fossil energy reserves have decreased year by year, and the development and use of renewable energy has attracted great attention of governments all over the world. China continues to promote the high-quality development of renewable energy such as solar power generation. Accurate prediction of the share of solar power in China is beneficial to implementing the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. According to the website of China&rsquo;s National Bureau of statistics, the earliest annual data of China&rsquo;s solar power generation is 2017, which leads to there being very few data on the share of China&rsquo;s solar power generation. Therefore, the prediction accuracy of most prediction methods is low, and the advantages of the grey prediction model are shown. Based on the share of solar power in China from 2017 to 2020, this paper constructs an FGM (1,1) model, calculates r using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and predicts the share of solar power in China in the next few years. r = 0.3858 and MAPE = 0.20% were obtained by calculation of the model. The prediction results show that the share of solar power generation in China will increase year by year, and it will reach about 4.2301% by 2030. In addition, it is found that the share of China&rsquo;s solar power generation in 2021 is 2.1520%, and the predicted value is 2.1906%. It can be seen that the prediction error is small. Finally, the limitations and future research directions are elucidated. The prediction results presented in this paper will help to guide the development of solar power generation in China, and are of great significance in speeding up the pace of energy structural adjustment, accelerating the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, and promoting sustainable development

Quality Evaluation of Bioactive Ingredients in Lianhua Qingwen Capsule Based on Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponent by the Single Marker Method and the Chemical Recognition Patterns Method

Based on high performance liquid chromatography with the diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), a new strategy for simultaneous determination of ten bioactive ingredients in Lianhua Qingwen capsule (LHQW) was developed for comprehensive quality assessment of LHQW. In this work, with rhein regarded as the internal reference substance (IRS), the relative correction factors (RCFs) of neochlorogenic acid, amygdalin, chlorogenic acid, forsythoside A, quercitrin, phillyin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoforsythiaside, and (+) pinoresinol-β-D-glucoside were calculated for simultaneous determination of ten bioactive ingredients. More importantly, compared to previous work, the simultaneous determination of the content of ten pharmacologically important active ingredients at one detection wavelength with only one reference substance has been achieved. Based on the contents of ten bioactive ingredients, the quality of the 20 batches of LHQW samples was further analyzed by chemical recognition patterns method. Ten bioactive ingredients showed a good linear relationship in their respective concentration ranges (r ≥ 0.999). The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of precision (≤4.62%), stability (≤4.04%), repeatability (≤3.87%), and the average recovery of ten bioactive components (99.8%∼104.1%) demonstrated the QAMS developed for LHQW which had good durability. The correlation coefficient (P>0.05) showed that no significant difference existed in the results of QAMS and external standard method (ESM). Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) divided samples into three main groups. Radar plot analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) found some quality differences existed between the three groups of samples. Orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) showed that forsythoside A could be used as the primary marker responsible for the quality differences. In conclusion, the established QAMS method combined with chemometric analysis can simultaneously determine the content of 10 active components and comprehensively evaluate the quality of different batches of LHQW. It can provide scientific basis and reference of quality consistency evaluation for the formulation manufacturers and drug regulatory authorities