PRIORITY BASED TRAFFIC LIGHTS CONTROLLER USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Vehicular traffic is continuously increasing around the world, especially in large urban areas. The resulting congestion has become a major concern to transportation specialists and decision makers. The existing methods for traffic management, surveillance and control are not adequately efficient in terms of performance, cost, maintenance, and support. In this paper, the design of a system that utilizes and efficiently manages traffic light controllers is presented. In particular, we present an adaptive traffic control system based on a new traffic infrastructure using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). These techniques are dynamically adaptive to traffic conditions on both single and multiple intersections. An intelligent traffic light controller system with a new method of vehicle detection and dynamic traffic signal time manipulation is used in the project. The project is also designed to control traffic over multiple intersections and follows international standards for traffic light operations. A central monitoring station is designed to monitor all access nodes.

Knowledge and Awareness of usage of Artificial Sweeteners among Indian type 2 diabetes individuals in a tertiary diabetes institute

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease primarily attributable to unhealthy, untimely food habits and lack of physical activity. Good glycemic control is one of the key aspects in preventing complications. This has led to a shift in replacing sugar with artificial sweeteners amongst the diabetic population. It is not known whether this is aimed to maintain blood glucose levels or to satisfy the sweet cravings. There is lack of awareness of the type and long-term side effects of artificial sweeteners among people with diabetes. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the awareness and knowledge of usage of artificial sweeteners among adults with type 2 diabetes visiting a tertiary diabetes institute. Materials and Methods: The study population involved 297 adults (≥18 years) with type 2 diabetes attending tertiary diabetes institute. Data was collected from face-to-face interview technique along with a pre-validated questionnaire. Results: The total number of subjects (n=297) comprised 126 females and 171 males of age 18-88 with mean age of 56.5 years. Sucralose was the most popular sugar substitute amongst the subjects (45%) followed by Aspartame (32%), 13% of them are completely not aware of the type of artificial sweetener that they consumed. About 36.7% of the subjects belonged to pre-obese category with BMI 25-29.9kg/m2 with women on the upper scale. 57.91% of the respondents started consuming artificial sweeteners in the recent years i.e., between 1to 5 years. 87% of the subjects consumed artificial sweeteners in the form of pellets in tea or coffee as a medium and 51% consumed it to manage blood glucose levels. 51.2% had gastrointestinal side effects. Significant number of the subjects (81.5%) was unaware of the long-term side effects of artificial sweeteners. Conclusions: The study findings highlight the high rate of unawareness amongst the subjects regarding the side effects of long-term consumption of artificial sweeteners. Hence, reading nutrition label on the products, judicious consumption of artificial sweeteners and nutritional education can be helpful in making wise food choices

Lehya formulations for mother and child care in Havyak community of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India

The period between pregnancy and the child birth is a critical phase in the lives of mothers and newborn babies. In most of the Asian countries including India, the use of medicinal plants, cultural traditions and the diets practiced by the ethnic groups have their age old histories. Present study was carried out to compile the traditional knowledge of the age old practitioners on pre and postnatal remedies. The survey was carried out in the areas of Sirsi, Siddapur and Mundgod taluks of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka state, India. Medicinal plants were collected and quantitative data analyses like Use Value (UV), Relative frequency citation (Rfc) and Family Importance Value (FIV) have been provided to analyze the importance of reported plants. The study revealed the use of 28 plant species belonging to 19 families. The home remedies for pregnant women are in the form of paste, called ‘Lehya’ in local language. Habit-wise analysis of the plants indicate that herbs are highly used (35.71%) and in most of the case fruits (32.14%) and seeds (25%) are frequently used plant parts in ‘Lehya’ preparation. The most important plant species according to the quantitative data analysis are Cassia sophera, Centella asiatica, Cocos nucifera, Cucumis melo var. acidulus, Curcuma longa, Phoenix dactylifera and Syzygium aromaticum

Partographic analysis of labour by modified who partograph in primigravidae: a prospective observational study

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the role of partogram in the analysis of outcome of spontaneous labour in primigravidae at term with singleton pregnancy with vertex presentation.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in Chinmaya Mission Hospital, Bangalore over a period of 2 years, from February 2013 to March 2015. A partographic analysis of labour was done in 300 primigravidae using modified WHO partogram. The study population was divided into 3 groups, group I- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the left of alert line. Group II- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the right of alert line. Group III cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the right of action line. Partographic analysis was done and maternal and neonatal outcomes were studied in these groups.Results: In this study, 300 primigravidae in labour were analysed. Of these 282(94%) women belonged to group I, 18(6%) belonged to group II. There were no cases in group III. Mean durations of active phases of labour were 4.75 hrs and 7.74 hrs in group I and II. In group I, 275(98%) women delivered vaginally, 7(2%) underwent LSCS and 96 (34%) had instrumental deliveries. In group II, 14(78%) women delivered vaginally, 4(23%) had instrumental delivery and 4(22%) underwent LSCS.Conclusions: The WHO modified partogram is highly effective in reducing both maternal and neonatal morbidity. It aids in assessing the progress of labour and to identify when intervention is necessary

SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF 1-[(8-NITRONAPHTHO[2,1-B]FURAN-2-YL) CARBONYL] PIPERIDINE

Naphtho [2,1-b] furan-2-carboxyazide has been synthesized from ethyl 8-nitronaphtho [2,1-b] furan-2-carboxylate, by first converting into 8-nitronaphtho [2,1-b] furan-2-carboxyhydrazide , followed by diazotization. The reaction of carboxyazide with piperidine resulted in nucleophilic substitution reaction giving 1- [(8-nitronaphtho [2, 1-b] furan-2-yl) carbonyl] piperidine (NNFCP). The compound has been characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR, Mass spectral data and X-ray diffraction analysis

TMJ ankylosis: Management with reconstruction and interpositional arthroplasty

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a very desolating structural condition that involves fusion of the 1 mandibular condyle to the base of the skull. It causes difficulty in mastication and breathing.Trauma and Infections are usually responsible.If trauma occurs in young age,it leads to disturbance in growth & facial asymmetry.Treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis usually requires adequate excision of the involved ankylotic 2 block (arthroplasty)or interpositional arthroplasty using autogenous or alloplastic materials. Early mobilization, 3 physiotherapy & strict follow up are essential to prevent postop adhesions.In our cases fascia lata was used as an interpositional grafting material. One case was treated bygap arthroplasty, second case by costochondral graft & third case was managed with titanium condylar prosthesis.Keywords: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis, costochondral graft, titanium condylar prosthesis, gap arthroplast

Stability and Effective Process Control for Secure Email Filtering

A fantastic tool for both commercial and personal communication is electronic mail. It has increasingly become a necessary component of our working life since it is straightforward, available, and simple to use. Spam emails have started to tarnish internet experiences and threaten the integrity of email. Due to the exponential growth of spam, both people and organisations are under a great deal of financial and other strain. In order to prevent the future of email itself from being in jeopardy, a solution to the spam problem must be discovered. There is an urgent need to solve the Email spam issue since spam volume has been rising over the last several decades. As part of this effort, many effects of spam emails on businesses and people were noted and thoroughly examined. In order to properly assess current technologies, solutions, and methods, a comprehensive literature review was conducted throughout the procedures. The goals of this work is to develop new methodologies for the implementation of new strategies for the efficient management of email spam and to construct a proof-of-concept software system for the Process controlled assessment of such strategies

DDoS Attack Detection Using Cooperative Overlay Networks and Gossip Protocol

DDoS attacks have major impact on the affected networks viz. packet transmission delays, network outage, website sabotage, financial losses, legitimate-user blockage and reputation damage. Existing DDoS detection techniques are either implemented at the victim node (but the damage is already done) or at many intermediate routers which run DDoS detection algorithms, that adds additional delay and more processing. We aim to detect DDoS attacks by using a new technique of cooperative overlay networks which overcomes the above problems by implementing the DDoS detection algorithm at one hop distance nodes (called defense nodes) from the victim. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15062