Water Quality Analysis of the Lake and Weather Studies at Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur

Keoladeo National Park, situated between 27⁰ 7.6' to 27⁰ 12.2' N and 77⁰ 29.5 to 77⁰ 33.9' E, is two Southeast of the Bharatpur city, 38 Km Southwest of Mathura and 50 Km West of Agra. Delhi is 180 Km. North of Bharatpur. The total area of the park is about 29 Sq.Km. It is flat with a gentle slope towards the centre forming a depression, the total area of which is about 8.5 Sq.Km. This is a main submersible area of the park. The average elevation of the area is about 174 meters. The submersible area has been divided into various unequal compartments by means of dykes

An analysis of some major antennas’ using frequency 750 MHz to 850 MHz

An antenna is transducer, an impedance matching device, a radiator and a sensor of electromagnetic waves. It is essential device/element in all types of communication and radar systems. It can be considered as a source of electromagnetic wave. In this research paper an attempt has been made to study the characteristics of major antenna using frequency from 750MHz to 850MHz. In this experiment as well as research ATS-B Antenna system trainer is utilized. An antenna (or aerial) is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receivers. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an oscillating radio frequency electric current to the antenna’s terminals, and the antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic waves(radio waves). In receptions , an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage as its terminals, that is applied to a receiver to be amplified. Typically an antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors (elements), electrically connected to the receiver or transmitter. As oscillating current of electrons forced through the antenna by a transmitter will create an oscillating magnetic field around the antenna elements, while the change of the electrons also creates an oscillating electric field along the elements. Antenna can be broadly classified by the directions in which they radiate or receive electromagnetic radiation. They can be isotropic ,omni-directional or directional. An antenna is chosen for a particular application according to its main physical and electrical characteristics. Further an antenna must perform in a desired manner for the particular application. An antenna can be characterized by the following key factors , not all are applicable  to all types of antenna. Main characteristics of an antenna are : radiation resistance, radiation pattern, the bandwidth etc. Further it has been found that graph of antenna polar plot which describes about antenna characteristics. Antenna are essential  components of all equipment that uses radio. They are used in systems such as radio broadcasting, broadcast television, two-way radio, communication receivers, radar, cell phones, and satellite communication, as well as  other devices such as garage door openers, wireless microphones, Bluetooth enabled devices, wireless computer networks, baby monitors, and RFID tags on merchandise. This paper introduces antenna theory and discusses various antenna types and applications. The basic equations and principles of antenna theory are presented. Five different types of antennas are introduced: dipoles and monopoles, loop antennas, microstrip antennas, helical antennas, and horn antennas.The characteristics of each type of antenna are given.&nbsp

Role of solar flare index in long term modulation of cosmic ray intensity

Recently, the importance of the occurrence of solar flares in the long-term modulation of cosmic ray intensity has been re-emphasized. For this purpose, the data of solar flares have been used from various publications, such as Solar Geophysical Data books, U.A.G. reports and Quarterly Bulletin Of Solar Activity. Research very clearly reveals that even the periodic changes in the solar flare observations, obtained from the four different data sources, for the same interval, differ significantly from one another; this is evidenced even on an average basis. Hence, in any study using solar flares, the importance of selecting a single compilation of the solar-flare data for the entire period of investigation is stressed

Pier Failure of Bridge and Geotechnical Investigation − A Case Study

In this paper a case of foundation failure, due to which the complete bridge structure has collapsed, is considered. The bridge is situated in Km. 26/6 on Langi Durg Road. It was constructed in the year 1980-81. This bridge has two solid slab spans of 15.25 meters each. The substructure is of solid coarse rubble stone masonry. The base dimensions of pier foundation are 3780 mm. in traffic direction and 10080 mm. in current direction at R.L. 94.00m. The pier foundation is resting on bouldary strata. During the floods in the year 1995 the pier constructed in mid-stream failed. This brought down both the deck slabs of the bridge at the bed level. Both the deck slabs are in good condition and it is proposed to use them by lifting of slabs and reconstructing central pier after complete investigation of founding strata

Analysis of Selected Tractor Seats for Seating Dimensions in Laboratory

Tractor seat is one of the important component / assembly as far as the human machine system and comfort of tractor operator are concerned .With this in view, a field survey and laboratory study were conducted of selected popular tractors and tractor seats, respectively, with particular reference to seating dimensions. Dimensions for seat pan and backrest were measured and analyzed, according to BIS recommendations. The results highlighted that seat pan width was found 10.9% less, seat height was found 15.3% in excess, no vertical adjustments and backrest width was also found 20.4% less. This may cause discomfort for smaller as well as higher percentile tractor operators. Based upon the design of mounting arrangement of different tractor seats – a common device i.e. seat base plate was developed. This plate may serve as a base for providing isolators for vibration attenuation. Also, this arrangement may be quite useful in testing of different tractor seats, under the constraints in availability of different makes of tractors at a time for experimental study or testing work. The study also highlighted that present tractor seats need minor modifications / improvements in seating dimensions as per BIS recommendations. The development of a common seat base plate may prove to be a step forward in the direction of long awaited tractor standardization. The information thus obtained can be utilized in seat design, work place lay out  as well as adapted by agriculture engineers for better work environment

Potentially fatal tricuspid valve aspergilloma detected after laparoscopic abdominal surgery

Fungal endocarditis accounts for 1.3-6% of all cases of infective endocarditis. The most common causative organism is Candida, followed by Aspergillus and other mould fungi. Aspergillus endocarditis is usually associated with high morbidity and mortality. Establishing a definitive and timely diagnosis remains difficult and there are many reports of undetected aspergillomas leading to fatalities in the perioperative period. We present a case report of preoperatively undiagnosed large mobile tricuspid valve aspergilloma obstructing the right ventricular inlet, diagnosed incidentally on the second postoperative day after laparoscopic pancreatic abscess drainage. The patient was successfully managed with emergency open-heart surgery and systemic antifungal agents in the postoperative period.Keywords: Infective endocarditis, aspergilloma, tricuspid valu

Structural and antimicrobial studies of coordination compounds of VO(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with some Schiff bases involving 2-amino-4-chlorophenol

Complexes of tailor-made ligands with life essential metal ions may be an emerging area to answer the problem of multi-drug resistance (MDR). The coordination complexes of VO(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with the Schiff bases derived from 2-hydroxyacetophenone/2-chlorobenzaldehyde with 2-ami¬no-4-chlorophenol were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, electronic spectra, FT-IR, ESR, FAB mass, thermal and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The FAB mass and thermal data show degradation of the complexes. The ligand A (2-hydroxyacetophenone-2amino-4-chlorophenol) behaved as tridentate and ligand B (2-chlorobenzylidene-2-amino-4-chlorophenol) as bidentate, coordinating through O and N donors. The complexes [VO(A)(H2O)]×xH2O, [M(A)(H2O)n]×xH2O for Co and Ni, [Cu(A)(H2O)] and [VO(B)2]×xH2O, [M(B)2(H2O)n] for Co and Cu and [Ni(B)2] exhibited coordination numbers 4, 5 or 6. X-ray powder diffraction data (a = 11.00417 Å, b = 11.706081 Å and c = 54.46780 Å) showed that [Cu(CACP)2(H2O)2], complex 8, crystallized in the orthorhombic system. The in vitro biological screening effects of the investigated compounds were tested against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus fecalis and the fungi Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma polysporum and Candida albicans by the serial dilution method. A comparative study of the MIC values of the Schiff base and their [M(B)2(H2O)2] complexes (Co(II), complex 6 and Cu(II), complex 8), indicated that the metal complexes exhibited a higher or lower antimicrobial activity than 2-chlorobenzylidene-2-amino-4-chlorophenol as the free ligand (B)