Inhibition by Long-term Fermented Miso of Induction of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma by Diisopropanolnitrosamine in Wistar Rats

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of fermented miso in the diet on the development of lung tumors initiated by diisopropanolnitrosamine (BHP) in male Slc:Wistar rats. A total of 63 animals, 6 weeks of age, were divided into 4 groups and given BHP (2000 ppm) in their drinking water for 10 weeks. After the carcinogen treatment the rats were fed a normal control MF solid diet, or the same diet containing 100ng-term or short-term fermented miso for 12 weeks. The long-term fermented miso significantly reduced the number of lung tumors, adenocarcinomas and PCNA strongly positive tumors as compared with the short-term fermented miso. The present results thus indicate that dietary supplementation with long-term fermented miso could exert chemopreventive effects on lung carcinogenesis

Prevalence of Diabetes and Incidence of Angiopathy in Patients with Chronic Viral Liver Disease

Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) often develops glucose intolerance. We explored the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in viral CLD, and analyzed factors profoundly affecting the diabetic angiopathies. 229 CLD patients (124 chronic hepatitis and 105 liver cirrhosis) entered the study. The diagnosis of diabetes was made with the criteria by World Health Organization. Laboratory investigation included serum asparate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting immunoreactive insulin, and HOMA-R (FBS*IRI/405). The incidence of macro- and microangiopathy were also examined. Forty (17.5%) CLD patients were diagnosed diabetes, giving a significantly higher incidence than that of general cohort (5.3%) (p<0.001). Among them, 12 (30%) had the triopathy, significantly lower than that in a matched group of diabetic patients without CLD (65%) (p<0.001). Significantly increased levels of HbA1c and HOMA-R were observed in diabetic CLD with angiopathy compared with diabetic CLD without. Incidence of diabetes was increased in viral CLD patients. The rate of diabetic angiopathies in CLD, however, was relatively low, this could be explained by low coagulability in these patients. Poor control of hyperglycemia, partly due to insulin resistance, might explain the onset of angiopathy in diabetic CLD

Effects of Weaning by Surrogate Mothers (ACI) on Tumor Development in SD Rats Treatedwith Methylnitrosourea (MNU) and/or N-Methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)

In this experiment, MNU was administered, followed by MNNG, to assess effects ofsurrogate mothering on tumor. One or two day old male SD pups were treated with or without30mg/kg body weight of methylnitrosourea (MNU) and nursed by SD or ACI surrogate mothersfor 5 weeks. When 6-weeks-old they were then treated with 100ppmN-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) or tap water for 16 weeks. The tumor incidencein the MNNG alone group was significantly lower than with MNU alone or MNU+MNNG (p<0.01).Kidney or nerve tumors mainly developed in the MNU group, gastric tumors in the MNNG group,and the two combined in the MNU+MNNG group. The incidence and mean number of tumors didnot significantly differ between the two weaning groups. However, mean survival time withthe ACI surrogate mothers after treatment with MNU was increased as compared with the SDmother group. Cumulative development of tumors in the ACI surrogate mother group was alsodelayed (p<0.05). Similar results were obtained with MNU+MNNG and MNNG alone. The presentexperiment suggested that tumor induction might be effected by components of the mother'smilk