Esthetics with prosthetics in case of maxillary canine transposition: A clinical report

Transposition is a dental anomaly manifested by a positional interchange of two permanent teeth. The maxillary permanent canine usually transposes with the first premolar and occasionally with the lateral incisor. These are mainly genetically governed and are treated orthodontically if complete segment of tooth is present; in case of missing teeth, participation of cosmetic dentist is must. The present case report describes a situation where left canine to lateral incisor complete transposition was present along with a missing left central incisor. Esthetic rehabilitation of the “smile zone” was the major concern. Scrupulous treatment planning to esthetically contour transposed teeth according to their normal positions, i.e., transposed left canine to lateral incisor and transposed left lateral incisor to canine with replacement of missing tooth, was a challenge. Keywords: Canine transposition, composite veneers, smile designNigerian Journal of Clinical Practice •Jan-Mar 2012 • Vol 15 • Issue

The Behavioral and Physiological Effects of High-fat Diet and Alcohol Consumption: Sex Differences in C57BL6/J Mice

Background and Objective: Animal studies can be a great tool to investigate sex differences in a variety of different ways, including behavioral and physiological responses to drug treatments and different “lifestyle variables” such as diets. Consumption of both high-fat diets and alcohol is known to affect anxiety behaviors and overall health. This project investigated how high-fat diet and alcohol access and its combination affected the behavior and physiology of male and female C57BL/6J mice. Method: Mice were separated into three food groups: high-fat diet, 10% fat diet, and regular chow, and each group was paired with either water or 10% alcohol. Behavioral assays included diet and alcohol preference, light-dark box, open field, and feeding and drinking measurements. Physiological measures included glucose tolerance tests and measurement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulin, and leptin levels. Results: Females and males differed in the open field, as male mice decreased activity, while females increased activity when consuming high-fat diet. While females consumed more ethanol than males, alcohol consumption was able to improve glucose tolerance and increase anxiety in both sexes. Lastly, females were more resistant to the physiological changes caused by high-fat diet than males, as females consuming high-fat diet exhibited decreased insulin secretion, less change to brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, and better glucose tolerance than males consuming high-fat diet. Conclusion: These results suggest that the response to high-fat diet and alcohol consumption is sex dependent and that males are more affected both behaviorally and physiologically by high-fat diet compared to females

Use of training dentures in management of gagging

Gagging is a frequent impediment to the performance of dental procedures. This stimulation of the gagging reflex, or more accurately, the vomiting reflex, is a special problem in prosthodontic service. A hypersensitive gagging reflex often prevents the dentist from carrying out critical procedures or causes them to performat a less than satisfactory level. In addition, once having suffered an unpleasant gagging experience in a dentist′s office, the patients develop a fear of further visits to dentists. The purpose of this paper is to describe methods of managing the gagging patient that has a sound rationale based on modified treatment approaches starting from impression making to design of the prosthesis aided by training dentures to help the patient to tolerate prosthesis in mouth before fabrication of definite prosthesis

Supera Stent Implantation with Ultrasound Guidance for Complex Ostial Lesions of Superficial Femoral Artery by Retrograde Approach: The SUGAR Technique

Purpose The aim of this study was to describe a modified technique for accurate deployment of the Supera stent under ultrasound (US) guidance for complex lesions involving superficial femoral artery (SFA) ostium without jailing profunda femoral artery (PFA) by retrograde approach. Technique Retrograde pedal access was initially taken in all the cases. The stenotic or occlusive femoropopliteal lesions involving the SFA ostium were crossed retrogradely and additional contralateral common femoral artery (CFA) access was taken only if we failed to cross the lesion. In addition to fluoroscopy, extravascular US guidance was freely used whenever required throughout the procedure. After desired predilatation of the SFA lesion, US guidance (gray scale and color Doppler) was used to start deployment of the proximal few centimeters of Supera stent ensuring that the landing of first crown was exactly from the SFA ostium not extending into CFA or jailing the PFA ostium. The rest of the stent was deployed under fluoroscopic guidance. Retrograde pedal access site hemostasis was achieved by manual compression. The Supera stent implantation with Ultrasound Guidance for complex ostial lesions of superficial femoral Artery by Retrograde approach (SUGAR) technique was applied successfully in 35 patients (mean age 58.1 ± 4.4 years; 24 males) with critical limb ischemia via the distal pedal approach. No access site or remote complications were observed. Conclusion The SUGAR technique has superior advantage of utilizing a simple tool like extravascular US in addition to fluoroscopy for retrograde Supera stent deployment by allowing very precise landing at SFA ostium, bypassing the need for multiple oblique projections, unwanted radiation exposure, and extra contrast dye overload

Ultrasound-guided fistuloplasty: A novel office-based technique for arteriovenous fistula salvage

Introduction: Alongwith the increasing awareness of fistula for dialysis, there has been an increasing utilization of endovascular interventions to create and maintain native Arterovenous fistulas. So far the widely practiced corrective endovascular options are fistulogram and plasty. However with most target segments being superficial veins of the outflow channel with juxta anastomotic lesions, ultrasound guided fistuloplasty is a promising answer to such a clinical scenario. Methods: All patients with diagnosed outflow vein obstruction with dialysis disturbance and no evidence of central vein stenosis were subjected to the procedure. Results: Satisfactory dialatation was achieved in 84% of patients at the end of one month. Only four patients required adjunctive procedure prior to dialysis. The most common procedure related side effect was hematoma- in 08 ( 19%) of patients, however they were non expanding and self resolving- limited to the area around the plasty site. Conclusion: The procedure can be accomplished in office setting avoiding the exposure of dye and radiation. It also decreases the burden on health care in operating theatres and decreases cost and time of hospitalization. However central vein stenosis and cephalic arch stenosis are definitely limitations of the procedure