Measuring Ethnic Identification and Attachment in sub-Saharan Africa

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Technical guide on documentation requirements for open market contract acquisitions of information resources

A guide is presented to assist requestors in formulating and submitting the required Complete Package for Information Resources (IR) acquisitions. Advance discussions with cognizant procurement personnel are strongly recommended for complex IR requirements or for those requestors new to the acquisition process. Open Market means the requirement either is not available on GSA Schedule Contract or exceeds the $300,000 threshold and/or the quantity Maximum Order Limitation of the GSA Schedule Contract. Only open market contract acquisitions (i.e., in excess of the$25,000 small purchase threshold), are addressed

Isolation and characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite loci for studies of the big blue octopus, Octopus cyanea

The big blue octopus, Octopus cyanea, occurs on coral reefs throughout the Indo-Pacific region from East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands, wherein it is of great ecological and socio-economic importance. However, many components of its intraspecific biodiversity, such as population structure, are unresolved due to a lack of informative genetic markers. To address this issue, which may compromise conservation and sustainability efforts, the development and characterisation of the first species-specific microsatellite loci for O. cyanea are described here. The eight loci were characterised by the genotyping of 40 adults from Madagascar, which revealed an average of 13.5 alleles per locus (range 9?18). The observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.432 to 0.949 and from 0.481 to 0.989, respectively. No evidence of linkage disequilibrium was detected between pairs of loci. Genotype proportions at six loci conformed to Hardy?Weinberg equilibrium expectations, with two loci exhibiting significant heterozygote deficits. These loci are applicable to multiple areas of eco-evolutionary research and, thus, represent a valuable resource for future studies of O. cyaneapublishersversionPeer reviewe

Impact of the Holocene Transgression on the Atlantic Coastline of Nova Scotia

As analogs for impact of a future sea-level rise on the coast of Nova Scotia (eastern Canada), geological data and information on relative sea-level changes are examined at three different time scales. Relative sea level rose swiftly during the early Holocene, at a maximum rate of 11 m/ka at 7500 radiocarbon years BP. Freshwater, salt-marsh, and estuarine sediments that formed during this period have been located on the inner shelf. After 5000 BP the rate slackened to about 2 m/ka. Despite overall submergence and coastal retreat since that time, gravel barriers have persisted where large amounts of sediment have been added to the littoral system by erosion of glacial deposits. The barriers often display evidence of early progradational phases in the form of gravel beach ridges, partly or wholly submerged in lagoons behind contemporary storm beaches. Tide-gauge data from the past century show submergence rates averaging 3.5 mm/a, well in excess of the longterm trend. The response of the coastline to this rapid rise is complex. Unconsolidated cliffs (bluffs) retreat at up to 5 m/a during initial exposure to wave attack and during extreme storm events, but at lesser rates (8 m/a) in some locations, but low elsewhere, in some cases showing almost no movement over the past 10 years, and neighbouring beaches are sometimes observed to behave in completely different ways. Sediment released by coastal erosion finds its way into nearby estuaries, causing growth of flood-tidal deltas and marsh aggradation. If a global rise in sea level occurs, the processes of erosion and sedimentation operating along the coast of Nova Scotia during the Holocene are expected to continue in a similar fashion, but rates of change will increase at many locations.Les données géologiques et les connaissances sur les changements du niveau marin relatif sont étudiées à trois échelles temporelles en tant qu'analogues des conséquences d'une future hausse du niveau marin sur la côte de la Nouvelle-Écosse. Le niveau marin relatif s'est rapidement élevé au cours de l'Holocène inférieur, jusqu'au taux maximal de 11 m/ka à 7500 BP. Des sédiments estuariens ou issus de marais salants et d'eau douce datant de cette période ont été localisés sur le plateau continental intérieur. Après 5000 BP le taux a diminué jusqu'à 2 m/ka. En dépit de la submersion de la région côtière et de son dégagement subséquent, les cordons littoraux de gravier ont persisté là où de grandes quantités de sédiments ont été mis en place sur le littoral par érosion des dépôts glaciaires. Les cordons montrent souvent des indices de phases de progression sous la forme de crêtes de graviers, partiellement ou entièrement submergés dans les lagunes situées derrière les plages de tempêtes contemporaines. Les données marégraphiques du siècle dernier font ressortir un taux de submersion d'environ 3,5 mm/a, taux nettement plus élevé que celui de la tendance à long terme. La réponse du littoral à cette hausse rapide est complexe. Les falaises non consolidées peuvent reculer jusqu'à 5 m/a au début de leur exposition aux fortes vagues et pendant les plus fortes tempêtes et à un rythme beaucoup plus lent (8 m/a) par endroits, lent ailleurs; certaines plages sont presque immobiles depuis 10 ans, alors que les plages voisines se comportent de façon tout à fait différente. Les sédiments libérés par l'érosion littorale se retrouvent dans les estuaires les plus proches, provoquant l'expansion des deltas d'inondation et l'extension des marais. Si une hausse globale du niveau marin survenait, les processus d'érosion et de sédimentation qui se sont manifestés le long de la côte de la Nouvelle-Écosse pendant l'Holocène agiront de façon semblable, mais le rythme des changements augmentera dans plusieurs sites

An Analysis of Black, Latinx, Multicultural and Asian/Pacific Islander Fraternity/Sorority Organizational Values

The purpose of this study was to examine the espoused values of historically Black, Latinx, Multicultural and Asian/Pacific Islander fraternity/sorority organizations. This study reports the types of values discovered, as well as their alignment with universally accepted values that included: self-enhancement, openness to change, self-transcendence and conservation. Further examination included comparisons between the espoused universally accepted values of the above-identified organizations with those of historically White fraternity/sorority organizations

Effects of water and fluorine on the viscosity of albite melt at high pressure: a preliminary investigation

The viscosities of fluorine- and water-bearing melts based on albite composition have been determined at 7.5, 15 and 22.5 kbar by the falling-sphere method. All melt viscosities decrease isothermally with increasing pressure. At 1200°C the viscosity of the fluorine-bearing melt (albite + 5.8 wt.% fluorine substituted for oxygen, denoted AbF2O−1) decreases from5000 ± 750P at7.5kbar to1600 ± 240P at22.5kbar. At 1400°C the viscosity of this melt decreases from1300 ± 200P at7.5kbar to430 ± 65P at22.5kbar. At 1400°C the viscosity of albite + 2.79 wt.% water (denoted AbH2O) decreases from650 ± 100P at7.5kbar to400 ± 60P at22.5kbar. Fluorine (as F2O−1) and water strongly decrease the viscosity of albite melt over the entire range of investigated pressures. The ratio of the effects of 5.8 wt.% fluorine [F/(F + O)molar = 0.10] and 2.79 wt.% water [OH/(OH + O)molar = 0.10] on the log of melt viscosity [Δ log η(AbF2O−1)/Δ log η(AbH2O)] equals0.90 ± 0.05, 0.84 ± 0.05and0.97 ± 0.05at7.5, 15and22.5kbar, respectively. Comparison with available data on the high-pressure viscosity of albite melt indicates that both F2O−1 and H2O maintain their viscosity-reducing roles to lower crustal pressures. The difference between the viscosities of melts of albite, AbF2O−1 and AbH2O, may be explained in terms of the relatively depolymerized structures of AbF2O−1 and AbH2O melts. The depolymerization of albite melt by the addition of water results from the formation of SiOH bonds. The depolymerization of albite melt by F2O−1 substitution results from the formation of non-bridging oxygens associated with network-modifying aluminum cations that are formed upon fluorine solution. The strong viscosity-reducing effects of water and fluorine in albite melt at pressures corresponding to the mid- to lower continental crust indicate that these two components will strongly influence the dynamic behavior of anatectic melts during initial magma coalescence and restite-melt segregation

Shaped nozzles for cryogenic buffer gas beam sources

Cryogenic buffer gas beams are important sources of cold molecules. In this work we explore the use of a converging-diverging nozzle with a buffer-gas beam. We find that, under appropriate circumstances, the use of a nozzle can produce a beam with improved collimation, lower transverse temperatures, and higher fluxes per solid angle

An Analysis of Consumer Behavior on Black Friday

The purpose of this study was to observe and analyze the consumer behaviors and commentary of the Black Friday customer. An observational instrument documented consumer in-line behavior while waiting for the stores to open, store entry behavior, and individual behavior. Findings show that the majority of the shoppers demonstrated calmness, courteousness, and happiness during the shopping experience; however, a number of shoppers exhibited negative and potentially dangerous behaviors which pose a safety concern for store personnel and other shoppers. Implications for retailers, researchers, and family and consumer sciences educators are discussed

The empire - in the context of South Africa

Peer reviewed.My premise is that apartheid created the “empire” system in South Africa, with its resulting consumerist culture; the western/European style of living and presentation has become the norm for a majority of South Africans. What part did Christianity play in this? The Bible has been used to justify so many injustices, especially slavery. Post-apartheid, is South Africa still under the empire system – a social and economic dominance of a few over the masses? Using articles as well as personal observation, I will try to show that in post-apartheid South Africa the empire system still exists.Research Institute for Theology and Religio