Registration System for the Faculty of Science - Sana'a University

The purpose of this project is to develop a computerized registration system for Faculty of Science in Sana' a University - Yemen, since the registration system in the faculty still manual. This system was developed using Oracle as a DBMS, because of the facilities it provides such as, unlimited database and high-speed data access. The waterfall model was the model that has been chosen to develop this system because it does not require a user feedback like prototyping model or some other models and this is because this project has been developed in a different place (i.e. not in the same country of the Sana'a University). With this system, the registration process can be easily done accurately, faster, and with more security than the manual process

Evaluación de diversidad genética molecular de especies de cítricos cultivadas en Irán reveladas por marcadores moleculares SSR, ISSR y CAPS

In this study, genetic diversity in 19 citrus cultivars was analyzed using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR), Inter-simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers. Nine primers for SSR, nine ISSR primers and two primers for CAPS were used for allele scoring. One chloroplast DNA region (rbcL-ORF106) and one mitochondrial DNA region (18S-5S) were analyzed using cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker in 19 citrus accessions grown in Iran. In total, 45 SSR and 131 ISSR polymorphic alleles and tree organelle genome types were detected. Cluster analysis of SSR and ISSR data was performed using UPGMA method and based on Jaccard's coefficient. The result of this investigation showed that the SSR and ISSR primers were highly informative and efficient in detecting genetic variability and relationships of the citrus accessions. And CAPS marker analysis Results showed that Bakraee and one of off type Mexican lime had banding pattern similar to Clementine Mandarin, while Pummelo regarded as maternal parent of other studied genotypes Citron regarded as father parent showed definite banding pattern among 19 studied genotypes which it confirmed Cytoplasmic inheritance from mother cellular organelles.En este estudio, se analizó la diversidad genética en 19 cultivares de cítricos mediante la repetición de secuencia simple (SSR), la repetición de secuencia inter-simple (ISSR) y los marcadores de secuencia polimórfica amplificada segmentada (CAPS). Se utilizaron nueve cebadores para SSR, nueve cebadores ISSR y dos cebadores para CAPS para la puntuación del alelo. Se analizaron una región de ADN de cloroplasto (rbcL-ORF106) y una región de ADN mitocondrial (18S-5S) usando marcador de secuencia polimórfica amplificada escindida (CAPS) en 19 accesiones de cítricos cultivadas en Irán. En total, se detectaron 45 genes SSR y 131 ISSR polimórficos alelos y organelos del genoma del árbol. El análisis de conglomerados de los datos SSR y ISSR se realizó utilizando el método UPGMA y se basó en el coeficiente de Jaccard. El resultado de esta investigación mostró que los cebadores SSR e ISSR eran altamente informativos y eficientes para detectar la variabilidad genética y las relaciones de las accesiones de los cítricos. Y el análisis de marcadores de CAPS Los resultados mostraron que Bakraee y uno de tipo off cal mexicana tenían un patrón de bandas similar al Clementine Mandarin, mientras que Pummelo se consideraba como padre materno de otros genotipos estudiados Citron considerado como padre padre mostró un patrón de bandas definido entre 19 genotipos estudiados que confirmó Citoplasma herencia de orgánulos celulares de la madre. &nbsp

Ponovno branje zgodovine mesta Dargazin skozi podobe miniatur Nasuha Matrakçija

This article focuses on the miniature paintings of Nasuh Matrakçi who came to the west of Iran during the Safavid period. Matrakçi’s miniatures are among the oldest surviving images of Dargazin city, the like of which cannot be found in other travelogues and historians’ works. The surviving three images at two different settings can help us understand the urban and social status of Dargazin in the Safavid period. The findings indicate that, thanks to its Sunni residents and because of its geopolitical significance, Dargazin was of great interest to Ottoman and Safavid rulers who turned it to the governing base of the region. This played an important role in the city’s development in the way that in some areas, like the design of gardens, the traditional architecture of the Safavid period was mixed with original Persian style.Članek se osredotoča na miniature Nasuha Matrakçija, ki je v zahodni Iran prišel v času Safavidov. Njegove miniature spadajo med najstarejše ohranjene podobe mesta Dargazin. V drugih popotniških besedilih in zgodovinskih delih ni mogoče najti takih podob. Tri ohranjene podobe, ki kažejo dva različna prizora, nam pomagajo razumeti urbani in družbeni status Dargazina v času Safavidov. Zahvaljujoč sunitskemu prebivalstvu mesta in njegovemu geopolitičnemu pomenu, najdbe nakazujejo pomen, ki ga je mesto imelo za Otomane in Safavide, v času katerih je bil Dargazin upravno središče regije. Ta status je imel pomembno vlogo v razvoju mesta, kar se kaže v tem, da se je na nekaterih področjih, kot je oblikovanje vrtov, tradicionalna arhitektura safavidskega obdobja mešala s prvotnim perzijskim slogom

Bioinformatics Evaluation of Plant Chlorophyllase, the Key Enzyme in Chlorophyll Degradation

Background and Objective: Chlorophyllase catalyzes the hydrolysis of chlorophylls to chlorophyllide and phytol. Recently, several applications including removal of chlorophylls from vegetable oils, use in laundry detergents and production of chlorophyllides have been described for chlorophyllase. However, there is little information about the biochemical characteristics of chlorophyllases.Material and Methods: 35 chlorophyllase protein sequences were obtained from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information database. All of the sequences were analyzed using bioinformatics tools for their conserved domain, phylogenetic relationships and biochemical characteristics.Results and Conclusion: The overall domain architecture of chlorophyllases consisted of the esterases/lipases superfamily domain over their full length and the alpha/beta hydrolase family domain over the middle part of their sequences. Plant chlorophyllases could be classified into 4 clades. Molecular weight and pI of the chlorophyllases ranged 32.65-37.77 kDa and 4.80-8.97, respectively. The most stable chlorophyllase is probably obtained from Malus domestica. Chlorophyllases form Solanum pennellii, Triticum aestivum, Triticum urartu, Arabidopsis lyrata, Pachira macrocarpa, Prunus mume and Malus domestica were predicted to be soluble upon overexpression in Escherichia coli, Beta vulgaris and Chenopodium album chlorophyllases were predicted to form no disulfide bond. Chlorophyllases from Jatropha curcas, Amborella trichopod, Setaria italica, Piper betle, Triticum urartu and Arabidopsis thaliana were predicted to be in non-N-glycosylated form.Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest

Comparison of Persian Language Fricative Consonants Recognition in Babble Noise in Fourth and Fifth Decades of Life

Generally regular communications are performed in the presence of noise Babble noise imposes a negative impact on the speech signal by its nature Consonants play a vital role in the perception of the word meaning From presented samples sixty adults with normal hearing were assessed in this cross- sectional study Once auditory and speech assessment was performed the recognition of fricative consonants as a consonant-vowel-consonant syllable in babble noise was compared in two age groups of 30-39 and 40-49 years old in signal-to-noise ratios of 0 and -5 In the occurrence of certain vowels in 0 and -5 signal-to-noise ratios there was a significant difference between the two age groups of 30-39 and 40-49 years old considering the recognition score of fricative consonants The recognition score of fricative consonants was affected by age signal-to-noise ratio and concurrent vowel Also the recognition scores of sibilant fricative consonants were greater in the babble noise in two age group

Amtree Protocol Enhancement by Multicast Tree Modification and Incorporation of Multiple Sources

Multicasting is a process of sending packets from one source (multiple sources) to multiple destinations. In mobile environment, when the source is mobile and migrates to a new location, the multicast tree needs to be rebuilt. AMTree is an active network based protocol intended to make the sending packets to the tree after source migration an efficient process without much modifications to the multicast tree. It is separated into three phases: 1) construction of multicast tree. 2) Handoff process. 3) Optimization Process. In AMTree protocol, after source migration, handoff latency is computed from the time of reconnecting to a new base station until finding nearest core to the mobile source. This process takes a long time and the number of messages sent is at least equal to the number of cores in the tree. In optimization, the number of nodes that requesting optimization is high. This means the time of optimization process is also high. In addition, AMTree protocol is proposed for multicast with a single source. This thesis proposes some techniques to enhance the AMTree protocol. First we propose two algorithms to improve the handoff process in AMTree protocol. Second we introduce a new method to construct the multicast tree in AMTree protocol. Third technique is incorporating multiple sources in AMTree protocol. This is an extension to AMTree Protocol. The results from experiments show that handoff latency using the new algorithms is much lower than using AMTree handoff procedure in both cases, i.e. when the source connects to a subscribed base station or not subscribed base station. By modifying the multicast tree, the number of nodes to be optimized was reduced. Also the optimization time was minimized. Incorporation of multiple sources in AMTree protocol resulted with minimized end‐to‐end latency after handoff and after optimization

New algorithms to minimize handoff latency in AMTree protocol

In active networks, programs can be injected to network elements (routers/switches). This allows programmers to enhance existing protocols or deploy new protocols. AMTree protocol is an active network based protocol that makes sending packets to receivers, after source migration, an efficient process. In AMTree protocol, after source migration, handoff latency computed from the time of reconnecting to a new base station until finding nearest core to the mobile source. In this paper the authors present two new algorithms to minimize the handoff latency in AMTree protocol. They show that handoff latency is much lower than that of AMTree handoff algorithm if the mobile source connects to a base station which is subscribed to the multicast group

Adaptive Dynamic Data Placement Algorithm for Hadoop in Heterogeneous Environments

Hadoop MapReduce framework is an important distributed processing model for large-scale data intensive applications. The current Hadoop and the existing Hadoop distributed file system’s rack-aware data placement strategy in MapReduce in the homogeneous Hadoop cluster assume that each node in a cluster has the same computing capacity and a same workload is assigned to each node. Default Hadoop doesn’t consider load state of each node in distribution input data blocks, which may cause inappropriate overhead and reduce Hadoop performance, but in practice, such data placement policy can noticeably reduce MapReduce performance and may increase extra energy dissipation in heterogeneous environments. This paper proposes a resource aware adaptive dynamic data placement algorithm (ADDP) .With ADDP algorithm, we can resolve the unbalanced node workload problem based on node load status. The proposed method can dynamically adapt and balance data stored on each node based on node load status in a heterogeneous Hadoop cluster. Experimental results show that data transfer overhead decreases in comparison with DDP and traditional Hadoop algorithms. Moreover, the proposed method can decrease the execution time and improve the system’s throughput by increasing resource utilizatio

Potential runoff accumulation in wheatbelt towns of Western Australia

Describes an analysis of flood runoff volumes from 16 small, gauged catchments in the agricultural areas of south western Australia. It also describes methods for estimating flood runoff volumes from ungauged catchments. The independent variables found to be statistically significant in explaining the variability in flood runoff volumes from the gauged catchments were catchment area, mean annual rainfall and the percentage of the catchment that was cleared. No soil factor was found to be significant

Effect of selegiline on the hippocampal ischemia-reperfusion injuries and cognitive impairments following global ischemia in male rats

Introduction: Selegiline, a selective monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor, has been shown to have neurotrophic and anti-apoptotic properties and to protect neurons in experimental models of cerebral ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether selegiline could enhance cognitive and functional recovery in stroke disease. Selegiline is a drug that has demonstrated antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, as documented in the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats. Widely used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and in recent studies showed anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. It has been shown to reduce total brain damage after transient hypoxia– Ischemia. Methods and Results: The male rats were randomized into four groups: Control groups, Control + Selegiline (2 mg/kg), stroke induction groups and stroke+ Selegiline (2 mg/kg). Selegiline was gavaged after 4 days from beginning of the investigation. In this regard, we tested whether 1) Administration of selegiline is able to inhibit abnormality behaviors related to global ischemia in Male Rats 2) Behavioral changes are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in the hippocampus and 3) Administration of selegiline is able to alter immune-inflammatory factors in the hippocampus. Therefore, using valid and qualified behavioral tests for the assessment of stroke like behaviors such as novel object recognition test (NOR) were used for confirmation of stroke induction in rats. Then, animals were sacrificed and hippocampi were dissected out and stored at -80 °C. The samples were divided into two different groups; first set of samples were used for preparation of tissue homogenate, on which measurement of oxidative stress parameters and nitrite levels were performed. The second set of samples were fixed in 10% formalin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for pathological evaluations. The statistical analysis showed a significant improvement in most neuropsychological tests after two weeks in the study group. Conclusions: Data on experimental models of cerebral ischemia have suggested a marked activation of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system by selegiline that might contribute to the protection against ischemia-induced neurodegeneration