Association Of Raised Serum Triglycerides With Incidence Of Pre-Eclampsia

Background: Pre-eclampsia, a serious multi-systemic pregnancy complication is estimated to occur in 5-10% of pregnancies worldwide. Objective: To determine the frequency of pre-eclampsia in pregnant females with hyper-triglyceridemia and to study its associations. Methodology: This Cross-sectional study was conducted at Gynecology Dept. Poly Clinic Hospital, Islamabad (March - Sept. 2022). Pregnant females of age 15-40 years, gestational age 13-20th weeks and singleton pregnancy were included. Known hypertensives, receiving lipid-lowering or anti-hypertensives, chronic kidney or liver disease, teenage pregnancies, primigravida, history of CVA, IHD, epilepsy or endocrine disorders were excluded. After the detailed clinical evaluation, fasting serum triglyceride levels were checked. A total of 225 cases with elevated serum triglycerides were finally selected and evaluated for the presence of pre-eclampsia by monitoring the blood pressure, cardiovascular, gynaecological examination and urine for the presence of proteinuria. Patients were followed till the development of pre-eclampsia or completion of pregnancy.  Results: Among 225 pregnant females with raised serum triglycerides, the mean age was 24.28+5.5 years. Pre-eclampsia was observed in 47(20.89%) of patients.  The Chi-square tests of association between pre-eclampsia and each of parity, residential status, and socio-economic status were insignificant while BMI and Gestational age were significant.  Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women with hypertriglyceridemia. Serum triglyceride levels may predict the women at risk for pre-eclampsia. The risk of preeclampsia in women with hyper-triglyceridemia is independent of parity, and socioeconomic or residential status. Hypertriglyceridemia may predispose to pre-eclampsia even at lower BMI levels. The development of hypertriglyceridemia in early gestation may be an additional risk factor. Early screening of women at risk may lead to better outcomes

Review of the evidence regarding the use of antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation in low- and middle-income countries.

Inadequate micronutrient intakes are relatively common in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially among pregnant women, who have increased micronutrient requirements. This can lead to an increase in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. This review presents the conclusions of a task force that set out to assess the prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intakes and adverse birth outcomes in LMICs; the data from trials comparing multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) that contain iron and folic acid (IFA) with IFA supplements alone; the risks of reaching the upper intake levels with MMS; and the cost-effectiveness of MMS compared with IFA. Recent meta-analyses demonstrate that MMS can reduce the risks of preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age in comparison with IFA alone. An individual-participant data meta-analysis also revealed even greater benefits for anemic and underweight women and female infants. Importantly, there was no increased risk of harm for the pregnant women or their infants with MMS. These data suggest that countries with inadequate micronutrient intakes should consider supplementing pregnant women with MMS as a cost-effective method to reduce the risk of adverse birth outcomes

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial

SummaryBackground Azithromycin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its immunomodulatoryactions. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.Methods In this randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19Therapy [RECOVERY]), several possible treatments were compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospitalwith COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 176 hospitals in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients wererandomly allocated to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus azithromycin 500 mg once perday by mouth or intravenously for 10 days or until discharge (or allocation to one of the other RECOVERY treatmentgroups). Patients were assigned via web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealment andwere twice as likely to be randomly assigned to usual care than to any of the active treatment groups. Participants andlocal study staff were not masked to the allocated treatment, but all others involved in the trial were masked to theoutcome data during the trial. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality, assessed in the intention-to-treatpopulation. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936.Findings Between April 7 and Nov 27, 2020, of 16 442 patients enrolled in the RECOVERY trial, 9433 (57%) wereeligible and 7763 were included in the assessment of azithromycin. The mean age of these study participants was65·3 years (SD 15·7) and approximately a third were women (2944 [38%] of 7763). 2582 patients were randomlyallocated to receive azithromycin and 5181 patients were randomly allocated to usual care alone. Overall,561 (22%) patients allocated to azithromycin and 1162 (22%) patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days(rate ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·87–1·07; p=0·50). No significant difference was seen in duration of hospital stay (median10 days [IQR 5 to >28] vs 11 days [5 to >28]) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days(rate ratio 1·04, 95% CI 0·98–1·10; p=0·19). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, nosignificant difference was seen in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilationor death (risk ratio 0·95, 95% CI 0·87–1·03; p=0·24).Interpretation In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, azithromycin did not improve survival or otherprespecified clinical outcomes. Azithromycin use in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 should be restrictedto patients in whom there is a clear antimicrobial indication

رجحان ساز غزل گو بہ حوالہ تصورِ مرگ و حیات(خلیل الرحمان اعظمی تا ظفر اقبال)

In this article, verses related to the concept of life and death fromKhalil-ur-Rahman Aazmi (1927-1978), Fazal Din Anjum Romani (1927 - 2001), AzizHamid Madni (1929 - 1991), Mustufa Zaidi (1930 - 1970) and Zafar Iqbal's UrduGhazal has been selected and tried to highlight every poet's individual approach.</p

Urdu Ghazal of Jaun Elia

In this article, personality of John Elia and his feelings &amp; thoughtsrelated to the concept of life and death, regarding Urdu Ghazal, have been analyzed. Incidents of personal life, stir the thoughts of John Elia, which affected the poet's point of view deeply. In this regard, selected examples have also been given that explain the concepts of poet

Urdu Ghazal of Jaun Elia

In this article, personality of John Elia and his feelings &amp; thoughtsrelated to the concept of life and death, regarding Urdu Ghazal, have been analyzed. Incidents of personal life, stir the thoughts of John Elia, which affected the poet's point of view deeply. In this regard, selected examples have also been given that explain the concepts of poet

Urdu Ghazal of Jaun Elia

In this article, personality of John Elia and his feelings &amp; thoughtsrelated to the concept of life and death, regarding Urdu Ghazal, have been analyzed. Incidents of personal life, stir the thoughts of John Elia, which affected the poet's point of view deeply. In this regard, selected examples have also been given that explain the concepts of poet

The development and testing of economic skill building training modules to improve women\u27s mental health

Mental health is an integral part of overall health and deserves the full attention of health care providers. Mental health of women is at risk due to a variety of factors, such as poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, and gender inequity, particularly in the low income developing countries. This study is the beginning phase of a larger study which intends to test economic skill building as a strategy to promote better mental health of women. \u27 The aim of this present study was to develop and test economic skill building (ESB) training modules with a group of women, as against a counseling and a control group, to measure its impact on women\u27s mental health, in terms of depression, domestic violence, and self-efficacy. The study adopted a two -phase approach to achieve the objective. First, the economic skill building modules were developed with the help of key informants and an in-depth study of related literature. Later, the developed modules were tested, following a community cluster randomized control trial sampling, as against a counseling and a control group, to determine the effectiveness of these modules on women with respect to, depression, prevalence of domestic violence, self-efficacy, and the employment status of the women. The analysis concluded that the ESB modules were effective in improving the self-efficacy of women (p=0.02). However, no significant difference was found with respect to the variables of depression and domestic violence. The findings also revealed that 22% (n=2) of the women who received the ESB intervention obtained employment while none of the women who received counseling or those who belonged to the control group got employment, on completion of the intervention period. However, at the beginning of the intervention period, 11% (n=1) in the ESB group reported being employed, as compared to 28.5% (n=2) women in the counseling and 12.57% (n=1) women in the control group. Therefore, women in the ESB group demonstrated a 22% improvement in the employment level, following an 8-week intervention; however, no changes were noticed in the counseling and the control groups. The findings of this study and the empirical association of improved self-efficacy with mental health, encourage us to assume that the increased self-efficacy of women, who received the ESB intervention may result in report of reduced depression and prevalence of domestic violence among women through further measurements by the larger study. The study findings offer vital recommendations for health care providers and policy makers, with respect to considering an economic skill building intervention for promoting women\u27s mental health. The findings also highlight the importance of further research in the field of economic skill building interventions to promote better self-efficacy and economic well-being in women leading towards their better mental health

میر کی عشقیہ مثنویوں میں خطابیہ آہنگ

Address exposes and explores the inner and outer behave of a character through the medium of words and verses. Meer presents many shades and modes of adress through its various characters which makes advancement in the stream of plot and indicates that particular situation which raveals the hidden feelings and thoughts of characters in Masnavi