Ethical Tensions: The Role of AI in Ethical Hacking

The dual-use nature of AI, serving both legitimate and malicious purposes, poses a significant challenge for ethical hackers. They must navigate a complex ethical landscape, balancing the need to counter rapidly evolving AI-driven threats with the responsibility to uphold professional ethics, often blurring the line between ethical and unethical practices. The study explores how AI shapes ethical hacking practices. Using a qualitative approach, we analyzed interview and digital trace data to uncover five key practices where tensions emerge: augmenting hacking capabilities, interrogating AI, managing risk, bypassing ethical restrictions, and adapting AI for emerging threats. These tensions reflect trade-offs between ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, explicability, and justice. The findings contribute to the cybersecurity literature on ethical hacking

Prevalence of hypospadias patients with undescended testis

Hypospadias is an anomaly of meatus urethra externus on ventral penis. It caused by incomplete fusion of urethral folds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypospadias with undescended testis in the Department of Surgery Mohammad Hoesin Hospital in Palembang Indonesia. A prevalence study was done in the Medical Records Department of Mohammad Hoesin Hospital from July 2018 to February of 2019. 103 patients met study inclusion criteria. Univariate analysis of the patients’ data was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The study found that hypospadias was most common in the age group of 1 to 5 years old (49.5%) and the most common type of hypospadias was severe hypospadias (68.9%). Furthermore, 7 out of 103 patients (6.8%) were hypospadias patients with undescended testis and the most common types of undescended testis among them were bilateral undescended testis and left undescended testis with 3 patients each (42,85%). Prevalence of hypospadias with undescended testis were 7 people (6,8%)

Personalized Biometrics of Physical Pain Agree with Psychophysics by Participants with Sensory over Responsivity.

The study of pain requires a balance between subjective methods that rely on self-reports and complementary objective biometrics that ascertain physical signals associated with subjective accounts. There are at present no objective scales that enable the personalized assessment of pain, as most work involving electrophysiology rely on summary statistics from a priori theoretical population assumptions. Along these lines, recent work has provided evidence of differences in pain sensations between participants with Sensory Over Responsivity (SOR) and controls. While these analyses are useful to understand pain across groups, there remains a need to quantify individual differences more precisely in a personalized manner. Here we offer new methods to characterize pain using the moment-by-moment standardized fluctuations in EEG brain activity centrally reflecting the persons experiencing temperature-based stimulation at the periphery. This type of gross data is often disregarded as noise, yet here we show its utility to characterize the lingering sensation of discomfort raising to the level of pain, individually, for each participant. We show fundamental differences between the SOR group in relation to controls and provide an objective account of pain congruent with the subjective self-reported data. This offers the potential to build a standardized scale useful to profile pain levels in a personalized manner across the general population

Sensory processing patterns, coping strategies, and quality of life among patients with unipolar and bipolar disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To compare sensory processing, coping strategies, and quality of life (QoL) in unipolar and bipolar patients; to examine correlations between sensory processing and QoL; and to investigate the relative contribution of sociodemographic characteristics, sensory processing, and coping strategies to the prediction of QoL. METHODS: Two hundred sixty-seven participants, aged 16-85 years (53.6+/-15.7), of whom 157 had a diagnosis of unipolar major depressive disorder and 110 had bipolar disorder type I and type II, completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile, Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced, and 12-item Short-Form Health Survey version 2. The two groups were compared with multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The unipolar and bipolar groups did not differ concerning sensory processing, coping strategies, or QoL. Sensory processing patterns correlated with QoL independently of mediation by coping strategies. Correlations between low registration, sensory sensitivity, sensation avoidance, and reduced QoL were found more frequently in unipolar patients than bipolar patients. Higher physical QoL was mainly predicted by lower age and lower sensory sensitivity, whereas higher mental QoL was mainly predicted by coping strategies. CONCLUSION: While age may predict physical QoL, coping strategies predict mental QoL. Future studies should further investigate the impact of sensory processing and coping strategies on patients' QoL in order to enhance adaptive and functional behaviors related to affective disturbances

Hubungan Antara Kontrol Diri dengan Kesejahteraan Subjektif Pada Remaja

This study aims to determine the relationship between self-control with subjective well-being in adolescents. The method used in this research is a quantitative method. The variables studied were self-control independent variables (X) and the dependent variable was subjective welfare (Y). The technique used in this study is a non-probability technique, namely purposive sampling, which means that the sampling technique uses certain criteria. The population of this study was the students of SMKN 2 Jepara. The sample of this study amounted to 60 students at SMKN 2 Jepara taken from class X and XI vocational textil. Collecting data by using a questionnaire using a Likert model scale, namely the scale used in the form of a survey. Test the instrument with validity and reliability. Data analysis technique with normality test, linearity test, hypothesis testing with product moment technique. With the conclusion that there is a significant relationship between self-control variables with subjective well-being variables in adolescents. The value of the positive correlation coefficient which means that there is a positive relationship between self-control and subjective well-being and the hypothesis in the study was accepted. Which means that self-control has a positive impact on improving subjective well-being in adolescents. The results of the study prove that the category for the self-control variable is in the high category and also for the subjective welfare variable in the very high category

Recent onset mental illness severity: pilot study on the role of cognition, sensory modulation, and daily life participation

IntroductionEarly detection of individuals at risk for onset of severe illness is crucial for prevention and early intervention, aiming to mitigate the long-term impact on both the individual and the community. While well-established models exist for predicting the onset and prolonged severity of illness, there is a gap in understanding illness-onset severity. This pilot study aimed to investigate premorbid objective and subjective dimensions of participation in daily life occupations, as well as sensory and cognitive functions as potential markers of the recent-onset mental illness severity.MethodsA total of 50 participants (men: N=26, 52%; women: N=24, 48%), aged 18–40 (M=26.2, SD=5.8) with recent-onset mental illness completed standard, well-established assessments of illness severity, cognitive biases and failures, neurocognitive status, participation in daily life, and sensory responsiveness thorough cross-sectional design. The differences between the groups of the illness severity were explored with descriptive statistics, followed by a Kruskal–Wallis test. Discriminant analysis was used suggesting a multi-varied model for the separation between the groups of illness severity.ResultsThree groups of illness severity exhibited differences in premorbid cognitive functions (F(2)=5.8, p<.01) and participation diversity (F(2)=3.8, p<.05). Combining these two indices explained 92% of the variance between the groups (Wilks’ Λ = .68, χ2(4) = 17.7, p=.001), accurately classifying mild to marked illness severity (62.5–88.5%).ConclusionsThe study contributes to revealing factors involved in the formation of more severe mental illness and suggesting possible avenues for early intervention and prevention. Cognitive biases and sensory modulation dysfunction may contribute to the illness formation. Still, the most effective markers of more severe mental illness onset are functional cognition and limited participation diversity. Since addressing these markers is a unique specialization within occupational therapy, the findings highlight the potential contribution the profession can make to the early identification of the most vulnerable populations

Major Families of Multiresistant Plasmids from Geographically and Epidemiologically Diverse Staphylococci

Staphylococci are increasingly aggressive human pathogens suggesting that active evolution is spreading novel virulence and resistance phenotypes. Large staphylococcal plasmids commonly carry antibiotic resistances and virulence loci, but relatively few have been completely sequenced. We determined the plasmid content of 280 staphylococci isolated in diverse geographical regions from the 1940s to the 2000s and found that 79% of strains carried at least one large plasmid >20 kb and that 75% of these large plasmids were 20–30 kb. Using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, we grouped 43% of all large plasmids into three major families, showing remarkably conserved intercontinental spread of multiresistant staphylococcal plasmids over seven decades. In total, we sequenced 93 complete and 57 partial staphylococcal plasmids ranging in size from 1.3 kb to 64.9 kb, tripling the number of complete sequences for staphylococcal plasmids >20 kb in the NCBI RefSeq database. These plasmids typically carried multiple antimicrobial and metal resistances and virulence genes, transposases and recombinases. Remarkably, plasmids within each of the three main families were >98% identical, apart from insertions and deletions, despite being isolated from strains decades apart and on different continents. This suggests enormous selective pressure has optimized the content of certain plasmids despite their large size and complex organization