Effect of Family Environment on Student Academic Performance and Adjustment Problems In School.

The study investigates the effect of family environment on student’s academic performance and adjustment problems among year one students of school of health Technology Keffi, Nasarawa State.  The study included 168 students made up of 77 males and 91 females from four Departments in the School, ranging between the age of 16 – 20 years. The results revealed that family environment has no effect on Academic performance of the student; also there is no gender difference in school adjustment and academic performance of the participants. However, in cons tract, family environment has effect on school adjustment. This finding suggests the need for parents to pay attention on their relationship with children while in school as it may has effect on them negatively

Effect of fentanyl on the success of inferior alveolar nerve block for teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial

Aim: The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to evaluate the effect of adding fentanyl to lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000 on the success of the inferior alveolar nerve block in mandibular molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methodology: 100 healthy adult patients with diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in one of the mandibular molar tooth were selected and randomly divided in two groups of 50 patients each. In the first group (fentanyl group), 0.25 ml of a cartridge of 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine solution was drained and the same amount from 50μg/ ml fentanyl solution was added to the cartridge. In the second group (non-fentanyl group) 0.25 ml of a cartridge of 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine solution was drained and the same amount from saline solution was added to the cartridge. Each group received two cartridges of prepared soloution with inferior alveolar nerve block injection technique. Access cavity preparation started 15 minautes after injection and after confirming the lip numbness. Success defined as no pain or mild pain on the basis of Heft-Parker visual analog scale during access cavity preparation or initial instrumentation. Data were analyzed by T-test and Chi-square Results: The success rate of inferior alveolar nerve block injection was 58% for Fentanyl group and 46% for Non-Fentanyl group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.23). Conclusions: The addition of fentanyl to lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000 did not increase the success rate of the inferior alveolar nerve block in mandibular molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

Problematika Siswa Difabel Rungu dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di Sekolah Inklusi

Manusia  adalah  mahluk  ciptaan  Tuhan  yang  paling  sepesial  begitupun Tuli  karena  pada  hakekatnya  manusia  pada  umumnya  dan  tuli khususnya  merupakan  mahluk  yang  penuh  dengan  dinamika. Pada dasarnya individu Tuli atau Difabel rungu sama  dengan  individu  berpendengaran  normal  pada  umumnya,  di mana mereka juga memerlukan kebutuhan akan kasih sayang, adanya rasa aman,  pengakuan  akan  harga  diri,  serta  kebutuhan  akan  pendidikan. Penelitian ini membahas tentang problematika Difabel rungu dalam masyarakat serta dalam pendidikan terutama dalam mata pelajaran matematika di sekolah inklusi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengambilan data berupa wawancara terhadap Siswa dan Guru mata pelajaran. Kehilangan  pendengaran  akan  menyebabkan  miskinnya  kebahasaan yang dimiliki oleh individu tuli sehingga akan menghambat komunikasi individu difabel secara nyata. Akibatnya individu ini akan kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi dengan lingkungannya, terutama dalam hal menyesuaikan diri dengan kondisi yang belum lazim dialaminya. Dalam bersosial mereka agak malu dan kadang sering diam menyendiri. Mereka berbahasa dengan bahasa isyarat yang menggunakan gerakan tangan dan mimik wajah. Difabel rungu mengalami kesulitan dalam pembelajaran matematika seperti halnya banyaknya bilangan. Hal itu dikatakan wajar karena yang normalpun tetap merasa kesulitan

INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CURCUMIN INCORPORATED IN CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE ON α-AMYLASE AND α-GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITIES

Objective: This research was conducted to determine inhibition activity of curcumin nanoparticles against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Methods: Curcumin nanoparticle was made by ionic gelation method using chitosan as cation, sodium tripolyphosphate as polyanion, and tween 80 as surfactant. Curcumin nanoparticles were tested for inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at λ= 595 nm and 305 nm, respectively. Results: Curcumin nanoparticles produced have 198.1 nm of particle size with PdI value of 0.349 and zeta potential value of-8,33 mV. The IC50 value of curcumin nanoparticles against α-amylase was 56.140 ppm, while acarbose was 63.32 ppm. While the IC50 value against α-glucosidase was 3.95 ppm and 4.11 ppm for curcumin nanoparticles and acarbose, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that curcumin nanoparticles have great potential as antihyperglycemic by inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes

PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN GENRE BASED DALAM KETERAMPILAN MENULIS BAHASA ASING: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

The application of approaches in foreign language learning has become related to the learning process in recent years. Genre-based approach is an approach in language learning that focuses on the understanding and production of texts based on genres and is commonly used for learning writing skills. This study aims to describe the results of thematic literature review on the effect of Genre-based approach on the development of learners\u27 writing performance, the challenges faced by teachers and learners in the implementation of Genre-based approach, and learners\u27 perspectives on genre-based approach for foreign language writing skills. This research uses a thematic literature review method by reviewing scientific research articles related to the topic discussed. The articles were selected through Google Scholar and Researchgate channels in the last 5 years since this research was conducted with 30 articles that met the set criteria. The results of this study found that the Genre Based approach to foreign language writing skills has a positive influence in improving writing performance and motivating writing for learners. However, in its implementation, there are challenges in that it takes a lot of time, teachers are less adaptable so that in some cases the results achieved don’t show significant changes. &nbsp

UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN SISWA SD TERHADAP PENYAKIT DBD DAN JENTIK NYAMUK DI SDN MALABAR KOTA BOGOR

ABSTRAK Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah salah satu penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas pada masyarakat. Kasus kejadian DBD di Kota Bogor hingga bulan Oktober tahun 2021 cukup mengalami peningkatan. Data dari RSUD Kota Bogor mencatat hingga Oktober 2021 terjadi 45 kasus kejadian DBD, 35 pada anak-anak dan 10 pasien orang dewasa. Peningkatan kasus DBD ini terutama pada anak-anak harus menjadi perhatian lebih dari berbagai pihak, salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan menyebarkan informasi dan penyuluhan kepada siswa/siswi di SD terkait pencegahan penyakit DBD. Selain itu siswa dan siswi juga diberikan informasi terkait bentuk jentik nyamuk dan tempat-tempat jentik nyamuk bisa berkembang, sehingga siswa bisa berperan aktif dalam mencegah penyakit DBD. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa SD terkait pencegahan DBD. Kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan pada 18 siswa SDN Malabar, Desa Tegallega Kota Bogor. Hasil kegiatan diharapkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan siswa SD terkait pencegahan DBD dan siswa mampu mengenali jentik nyamuk yang ada lingkungan sekitar mereka dan bisa melakukan upaya pemberantasan jentik nyamuk. Kata kunci: penyuluhan; pengetahuan; jentik; DBD. ABSTRACTDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in the community. The number of cases of dengue fever in Bogor City until October 2021 has increased quite a bit. Data from the Bogor City Hospital noted that until October 2021 there were 45 cases of dengue fever, 35 in children and 10 adult patients. This increase in dengue cases, especially in children, should be of more concern to various parties, one of the efforts that can be done is by disseminating information and counseling to students in elementary schools regarding the prevention of dengue disease. In addition, students are also given information regarding the shape of mosquito larvae and places where mosquito larvae can grow, so that students can play an active role in preventing dengue disease. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge of elementary school students regarding dengue prevention. Extension activities were carried out on 18 students of SDN Malabar, Tegallega Village, Bogor City. The results of the activity are expected to increase the knowledge of elementary school students related to dengue prevention and students can recognize mosquito larvae in their environment and can make efforts to eradicate mosquito larvae. Keywords : counseling; knowledge; larvae; DHF

Left ventricular pseudo-aneurysm: Do not make the same mistake

The differentiation between left ventricular pseudo-aneurysm and true aneurysm is sometimes difficult and there are some pitfalls in the process of making the right diagnosis. Correct diagnosis has considerable effect on the outcome and management of the patients. We report the case of 59-year-old man who referred to the emergency department with complaints of lower extremity edema and dyspnea on exertion. In his past medical history, he had been diagnosed with post-myocardial infarction and apical true aneurysm four months before his arrival at the emergency ward. The patient was under strict medical follow-up for his condition. Echocardiography was conducted in the emergency ward, and it revealed a huge apical pseudo-aneurysm, which had been miss-diagnosed in the past echocardiographic examination. We herein seek to address this issue and underscore the pitfalls in making the correct and necessary distinction between these two not so uncommon entities

EFEKTIFITAS PENYULUHAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT DI SDN 2 SUKA BUMI

Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di sekolah merupakan sebuah perilaku yang dilakukan guru, murid dan masyarakat lingkungan sekolah. Hal tersebut dilakukan agar mampu mencegah penyakit, meningkatkan kesehatannya, serta berperan aktif dalam mewujudkan lingkungan yang sehat. Adapun manfaat PHBS yaitu guna meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat sehingga masyarakat mau dan mampu menjalankan hidup bersih dan sehat. Tujuan dilakukannya penyuluhan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan pengetahuan siswa agar mengetahui dan mampu mempraktikkan PHBS serta dapat berperan aktif dalam mewujudkan sekolah sehat pada pelajar kelas V di SDN 2 Sukabumi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyuluhan ini yaitu dengan desain quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan  One group pre test dan post test. Setelah mengisi pre test dan post test hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan menurun dari 8,35% menjadi 8,13% untuk tingkat sikap terjadi kenaikan dari 30,96% menjadi 34,00% dan untuk tingkat perilaku terdapat kenaikan dari 17,47% menjadi 18,78% dengan total populasi 23 siswa/i kelas V. Kesimpulan yang didapat dari penyuluhan ini yaitu hasil analisis t dependen tidak berdampak pada pengetahuan siswa/siswi. Hal ini dibuktikan berdasarkan terdapatnya nilai rata-rata pre test sebesar 8,35 dan post test 8,13 pada uji t dependen

Hypermethylation of the reelin (RELN) promoter in the brain of schizophrenic patients: A preliminary report

DNA methylation changes could provide a mechanism for DNA plasticity and dynamism for short-term adaptation, enabling a type of cell memory to register cellular history under different environmental conditions. Some environmental insults may also result in pathological methylation with corresponding alteration of gene expression patterns. Evidence from several studies has suggested that in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, mRNA of the reelin gene (RELN), which encodes a protein necessary for neuronal migration, axonal branching, synaptogenesis, and cell signaling, is severely reduced in post-mortem brains. Therefore, we investigated the methylation status of the RELN promoter region in schizophrenic patients and normal controls as a potential mechanism for down regulation of its expression. Ten post-mortem frontal lobe brain samples from male schizophrenic patients and normal controls were obtained from the Harvard Brain Tissue Resources Center. DNA was extracted using a standard phenol-chloroform DNA extraction protocol. To evaluate differences between patients and controls, we applied methylation specific PCR (MSP) using primers localized to CpG islands flanking a potential cyclic AMP response element (CRE) and a stimulating protein-1 (SP1) binding site located in the promoter region. For each sample, DNA extraction, bisulfite treatment, and MSP were independently repeated at least four times to accurately determine the methylation status of the target region. Forty-three PCR trials were performed on the test and control samples. MSP analysis of the RELN promoter revealed an unmethylated signal in all reactions (43 of 43) using DNA from the frontal brain tissue, derived from either the schizophrenic patients or normal controls indicating that this region of the RELN promoter is predominantly unmethylated. However, we observed a distinct methylated signal in 73 of the trials (16 of 22) in schizophrenic patients compared with 24 (5 of 21) of controls. Thus, the hypermethylation of the CpG islands flanking a CRE and SP1 binding site observed at a significantly higher level (t = -5.07, P = 0.001) may provide a mechanism for the decreased RELN expression, frequently observed in post-mortem brains of schizophrenic patients. We also found an inverse relationship between the level of DNA methylation using MSP analysis and the expression of the RELN gene using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Despite the small sample size, these studies indicate that promoter hypermethylation of the RELN gene could be a significant contributor in effecting epigenetic alterations and provides a molecular basis for the RELN gene hypoactivity in schizophrenia. Further studies with a larger sample set would be required to validate these preliminary observations. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc

Ectopic Cdx2 Expression in Murine Esophagus Models an Intermediate Stage in the Emergence of Barrett's Esophagus

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is an intestinal metaplasia that occurs in the setting of chronic acid and bile reflux and is associated with a risk for adenocarcinoma. Expression of intestine-specific transcription factors in the esophagus likely contributes to metaplasia development. Our objective was to explore the effects of an intestine-specific transcription factor when expressed in the mouse esophageal epithelium. Transgenic mice were derived in which the transcription factor Cdx2 is expressed in squamous epithelium using the murine Keratin-14 gene promoter. Effects of the transgene upon cell proliferation and differentiation, gene expression, and barrier integrity were explored. K14-Cdx2 mice express the Cdx2 transgene in esophageal squamous tissues. Cdx2 expression was associated with reduced basal epithelial cell proliferation and altered cell morphology. Ultrastructurally two changes were noted. Cdx2 expression was associated with dilated space between the basal cells and diminished cell-cell adhesion caused by reduced Desmocollin-3 mRNA and protein expression. This compromised epithelial barrier function, as the measured trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of the K14-Cdx2 epithelium was significantly reduced compared to controls (1189 Ohm*cm2 ±343.5 to 508 Ohm*cm2±92.48, p = 0.0532). Secondly, basal cells with features of a transitional cell type, intermediate between keratinocytes and columnar Barrett's epithelial cells, were observed. These cells had reduced keratin bundles and increased endoplasmic reticulum levels, suggesting the adoption of secretory-cell features. Moreover, at the ultrastructural level they resembled “Distinctive” cells associated with multilayered epithelium. Treatment of the K14-Cdx2 mice with 5′-Azacytidine elicited expression of BE-associated genes including Cdx1, Krt18, and Slc26a3/Dra, suggesting the phenotype could be advanced under certain conditions. We conclude that ectopic Cdx2 expression in keratinocytes alters cell proliferation, barrier function, and differentiation. These altered cells represent a transitional cell type between normal squamous and columnar BE cells. The K14-Cdx2 mice represent a useful model to study progression from squamous epithelium to BE