Effects of milk casein hydrolyzate supplemented with phytosterols on hypertension and lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic hypertensive rats

This study investigates the beneficial effect of a milk casein hydrolyzate supplemented with phytosterols in hypercholesterolemic hypertensive rats. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were fed for 8 weeks with standard diet, or high cholesterol diet alone and supplemented with casein hydrolyzate or casein hydrolyzate plus phytosterols. Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method, vascular reactivity was performed on isolated aorta and biochemical parameters were evaluated in plasma. The hypercholesterolemic diet caused elevation of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index, lipid peroxidation, liver size and hepatic steatosis accompanied with a severe reduction of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The treatment with the casein hydrolyzate reduced blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy and oxidative stress, and improved the endothelial function. The incorporation of phytosterols prevented the changes caused by the hypercholesterolemic diet and increased the antioxidant effect of casein hydrolyzate. In conclusion, treatment with milk casein hydrolyzate supplemented with phytosterols provides benefits when coexisting hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.This work was supported by project FP7-SME-2012-315349 (FOFIND) financed by the European Commission. Pedro Ferreira Santos was the recipient of a fellowship funded from this project.Peer Reviewe

Cuadernos de Documentación Multimedia Vol. 8. Año 1999 Página 244 Vol. 8 Año 1999 ISSN: 1575-9733 Conservación y restauración digital del patrimonio musical

Conservar y restaurar música de ayer y de hoy es cada vez más fácil gracias a los avances informáticos. Existen técnicas y programas que permiten la digitalización de la información musical para conservar, desde el sonido correspondiente a una interpretación particular de una obra musical, en forma de señal sonora susceptible de ser procesada por programas de edición de audio, hasta la imagen de la partitura manuscrita por el propio compositor, con las posibilidades que ello ofrece para la restauración del posible deterioro sufrido por el documento original. En este artículo se analizan algunos de los aspectos que hacen de los Sistemas Informáticos herramientas especialmente adecuadas para la conservación y restauración del patrimonio documental musical

Stability to technological processes of antihypertensive peptides

Trabajo presentado al "EFFoST Annual Meeting: Food Health & Safety" celebrado en Dublin (Irlanda) del 10 al 12 de noviembre de 2010.AGL2007-65035; AGL2008-01713; CENIT-DEV-MET-FUN; CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010 FUN-C-FOOD CSD 2007-063; P2009/AGR-1469. M. M. Contreras was the recipient of a fellowship of Danone Institute.Peer reviewe

Use of a casein-derived peptide and compositions thereof as antihypertensive

Use of a casein-derived peptide with antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activity in vitro and antihypertensive activity in mammals, and compositions thereof. This peptide may be use as active ingredient in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and/or dermatological compositions, dietary supplements or as food ingredient. Also relates with composition comprising this peptide in specific concentrations, and fermented compositions, including fermented dairy product, that have enhanced stability under various storage conditions, and their uses.Peer reviewedConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Universidad de SalamancaA1 Solicitud de patente con informe sobre el estado de la técnic

Vagal afferents contribute to sympathoexcitation-driven metabolic dysfunctions

Multiple crosstalk between peripheral organs and the nervous system are required to maintain physiological and metabolic homeostasis. Using Vav3-deficient mice as a model for chronic sympathoexcitation-associated disorders, we report here that afferent fibers of the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve are needed for the development of the peripheral sympathoexcitation, tachycardia, tachypnea, insulin resistance, liver steatosis and adipose tissue thermogenesis present in those mice. This neuronal pathway contributes to proper activity of the rostral ventrolateral medulla, a sympathoregulatory brainstem center hyperactive in Vav3−/− mice. Vagal afferent inputs are also required for the development of additional pathophysiological conditions associated with deregulated rostral ventrolateral medulla activity. By contrast, they are dispensable for other peripheral sympathoexcitation-associated disorders sparing metabolic alterations in liver.X R B is supported by grants from the Castilla-León Government (CSI252P18, CLC-2017-01), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MSIU) (SAF2015-64556-R), Worldwide Cancer Research (14-1248), the Ramón Areces Foundation, and the Spanish Association against Cancer (GC16173472GARC). X R B’s institution is supported by the Programa de Apoyo a Planes Estratégicos de Investigación de Estructuras de Investigación de Excelencia of the Ministry of Education of the Castilla-León Government (CLC-2017-01). S R-F and L F L-M contracts have been supported by funding from the MISIU (BES-2013-063573) and the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (L F L-M, FPU13/02923), respectively. Both Spanish and Castilla-León government-associated funding is partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund

Immunosuppression-independent role of regulatory T cells against hypertension-driven renal dysfunctions

Hypertension-associated cardiorenal diseases represent one of the heaviest burdens for current health systems. In addition to hemodynamic damage, recent results have revealed that hematopoietic cells contribute to the development of these diseases by generating proinflammatory and profibrotic environments in the heart and kidney. However, the cell subtypes involved remain poorly characterized. Here we report that CD39+ regulatory T (TREG) cells utilize an immunosuppression-independent mechanism to counteract renal and possibly cardiac damage during angiotensin II (AngII)-dependent hypertension. This mechanism relies on the direct apoptosis of tissue-resident neutrophils by the ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase activity of CD39. In agreement with this, experimental and genetic alterations in TREG/TH cell ratios have a direct impact on tissue-resident neutrophil numbers, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiorenal fibrosis, and, to a lesser extent, arterial pressure elevation during AngII-driven hypertension. These results indicate that TREG cells constitute a first protective barrier against hypertension-driven tissue fibrosis and, in addition, suggest new therapeutic avenues to prevent hypertension-linked cardiorenal diseases.This work has been supported by grants from the Castilla-León Autonomous Government (CSI101U13), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2012-31371, RD12/0036/0002), Worldwide Cancer Research, the Solórzano Foundation, and the Ramón Areces Foundation to X.R.B. P.M. is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2011-27330). S.F., M.M.-M., J.R.-V., and A.M.-M. were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through BES-2010-031386, CSIC JAE-Doc, Juan de la Cierva, and BES-2009-016103 contracts, respectively. Spanish government-sponsored funding to X.R.B. is partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund.Peer Reviewe

Paleoecología y cultura material en el complejo tumular prehistórico de Castillejo del Bonete (Terrinches, Ciudad Real)

Castillejo del Bonete es un complejo tumular situado en el borde meridional de la Meseta Ibérica, ocupado en fechas calcolíticas y de la Edad del Bronce, vinculado a la Cultura de las Motillas. Materiales arqueológicos muy diversos han sido recuperados asociados a las arquitecturas del lugar (túmulos, corredores, potentes muros, etc.). Se presenta un avance de la investigación paleoecológica sobre las colecciones de carbón, polen y microvertebrados. Además se presentan cuentas de piedra y madera, colgantes de concha, material lítico, la colección cerámica, nuevas metalografías e industria metálica y botones de marfil. El conjunto de estas evidencias arqueológicas pone de manifiesto la celebración ritual de banquetes y ofrendas durante la Prehistoria Reciente en una cueva monumentalizada mediante túmulos en el interior de la Península Ibérica

Resistance of casein-derived bioactive peptides to simulated gastrointestinal digestion

The resistance of six casein-derived peptides, including antihypertensive peptides RYLGY, AYFYPEL and YQKFPQY, to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and the effect on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity were evaluated. After digestion, peptides RYLGY, AYFYPEL, and YQKFPQY were partly hydrolysed by the digestive enzymes. RYLGY and AYFYPEL maintained potent ACE-inhibitory activity, with IC50 values as low as 9.3 and 4.7μgmL-1, respectively. Digestion fragments were sequenced and then synthesised to evaluate their activity. Several showed potent ACE-inhibitory activity, which could explain the invitro activity of the digests. A notable antioxidant activity was also observed. Since AYFYPEL was less susceptible to digestion, we focused on the antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats of the main digestion fragments of RYLGY. Interestingly, these peptides showed moderate effects invivo. This suggests that the undigested fraction could also contribute to the invivo effects of RYLGY and AYFYPEL, and other minor fragments may also participate. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.This work has received financial support from the projects AGL2011-24643, Consolider Ingenio 2010 FUN-C-Food CSD2007-063 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, and project P2009/AGR-1469 from Comunidad de Madrid.Peer Reviewe

Novel casein-derived ingredient with antihypertensive activity

Trabajo presentado al IDF World Dairy Summit - United Dairy World celebrado en Berlín (Alemania) del 20 al 24 de septiembre de 2009.AGL2007-65035; AGL2008-01713; CENIT-DEV-MET-FUN; CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010 FUN-C-FOOD CSD 2007-063; CAM S-0505/AGR/0153.Peer Reviewe

Implication of opioid receptors in the antihypertensive effect of a bovine casein hydrolysate and αs1-casein-derived peptides

The antihypertensive activity of two αs1-casein-derived peptides and casein hydrolysate containing these sequences was evaluated in the presence of naloxone. The activity was abolished by this opioid antagonist at 2, 4, and 6 h post-administration. Similarly, the antihypertensive effect of the αs1-casein peptides 90RYLGY94 (−23.8 ± 2.5 mmHg) and 143AYFYPEL149 (−21.1 ± 3.2 mmHg) at 5 mg/kg of body weight was antagonized by the co-administration of naloxone. Because peptide 143AYFYPEL149 had recently shown opioid activity, a molecular dynamic simulation of this peptide with human μ-opioid receptor was performed to demonstrate its favorable structure and interaction energy, despite the presence of Ala at the N terminus. Altogether, these results revealed that the in vivo effect on systolic blood pressure of the studied αs1-casein peptides is mediated by interaction with opioid receptors and the antihypertensive activity of casein hydrolysate can be very likely ascribed to them with the possible contribution of other mechanisms.This work was supported by project AGL2015-66886R from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities.Peer reviewe