PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM PSIKOEDUKASI PENCEGAHAN PERUNDUNGAN UNTUK GURU SEKOLAH DASAR

Perundungan merupakan permasalahan serius yang dapat berdampak pada performa akademik siswa dan juga dapat mengganggu kesehatan mental siswa. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk dilakukan pencegahan perundungan di sekolah, dan psikoedukasi kelompok adalah salah satu intervensi yang mengintegrasikan antara psikoterapi dan edukasi untuk mencegah perundungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan materi rancangan psikoedukasi pencegahan perundungan untuk guru sekolah dasar dan menghasilkan rancangan psikoedukasi pencegahan perundungan yang sesuai untuk guru sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed methods dengan desain sequential explanatory strategy. Metode pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dan focus group discussion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan guru membutuhkan materi pengetahuan dan keterampilan terkait perundungan, pengetahuan terkait iklim sekolah yang mendukung pencegahan perundungan, dan peraturan sekolah terkait perundungan, untuk dirancang menjadi rancangan psikoedukasi pencegahan perundungan untuk guru sekolah dasar. Selain itu, dari hasil evaluasi rancangan diperoleh bahwa rancangan psikoedukasi pencegahan perundungan untuk guru sekolah dasar ini dapat diterima dan dapat direkomendasikan untuk diujicoba

Forecasting Performance of Double Exponential Smoothing Model and ETS Model for Predicting Crude Oil Prices

Purpose: This study aims to predict the price of monthly crude oil quickly and accurately by using an easy model and with easily available software.Design/methodology/approach: This study compares the DES-Holts and ETS models to predict price of monthly crude oil.Findings/result: The results of this study recommend the ETS(M,N,N) model to predict the price of monthly crude oil which produces an accuracy value of RMSE and MAPE of 4.385812 and 6.499007 %, respectively.Originality/value/state of the art: This study implements the DES_Holt's and ETS models to predict price of monthly crude oil with an RMSE and MAPE forecasting accuracy that has never been done in previous studies.

Kesehatan Mental Siswa SMP-SMA Indonesia Selama Masa Pandemi dan Faktor Penyebabnya

Kesehatan mental pada remaja merupakan permasalahan penting yang perlu diperhatikan. Pandemi COVID-19 membuat permasalahan ini menjadi semakin perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius dari para pemangku kepentingan, terutama terkait dengan implementasi kebijakan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ). Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan adanya sejumlah keluhan dari siswa terkait pelaksanaan PJJ. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan gambaran deskriptif tingkat depresi dan kecemasan pada siswa SMP dan SMA yang sedang menjalani PJJ serta mendeskripsikan beberapa faktor-faktor yang dipersepsikan mengganggu bagi para siswa dan potensial untuk menjadi penyebab kondisi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain non-eksperimental deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 629 orang siswa SMP dan SMA di Indonesia yang menjalani PJJ. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Patient Health Questionaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) dan survey mengenai beberapa faktor yang dirasa mengganggu bagi siswa. Kuisioner diisi secara daring dan statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 46% siswa mengalami gejala kecemasan dan 58% mengalami gejala depresi. Adapun faktor–faktor yang perlu untuk diperhatikan dalam kondisi ini adalah terkait akademik dan interaksi sosial siswa terutama dengan teman. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menjelaskan mengenai pengaruh yang diberikan oleh pandemi serta hubungan faktor akademik dan sosial terhadap kondisi kesehatan mental siswa. &nbsp

MODEL CORAK BERPIKIR ANALITIS PADA MAHASISWA BERDASARKAN KESESUAIAN GAYA BELAJAR MAHASISWA DENGAN GAYA MENGAJAR DOSEN DAN METODE MENGAJAR DOSEN

Penelitian ini merupakan studi kausal secara cross sectional yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi corak berpikir analitis mahasiswa. Corak berpikir analitis adalah strategi kognitif yang aktif dan sistematik untuk memeriksa, menilai dan memahami peristiwa/kejadian, memecahkan masalah, dan membuat keputusan berdasarkan alasan dan bukti yang valid. Secara konseptual, corak berpikir analitis dipengaruhi oleh kesesuaian gaya belajar mahasiswa dengan gaya mengajar dosen, dan dimoderasi oleh metode mengajar dosen. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 947 mahasiswa di Universitas Padjadjaran dan Institut Teknologi Bandung, yang terdiri dari 367 lakilaki dan 580 perempuan, dengan rentang usia antara 17 sampai 25 tahun. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis jalur. Hasil analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa corak berpikir analitis dipengaruhi oleh kesesuaian gaya belajar mahasiswa dan gaya mengajar dosen ( inferencedoing= 0.077, deduction-doing= 0.080, deduction-thinking= -0.098), dan dimoderasi oleh metode mengajar dosen ( inference-doing*method=-0.307, inference-feeling*method=0.184, recognition of assumption-doing*method=- 0.171, interpretation-watching*method= -0.068). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dosen tidak harus selalu menyesuaikan gaya mengajarnya dengan gaya belajar mahasiswanya. Dosen juga seyogyanya perlu menerapkan metode mengajar baik yang berpusat pada mahasiswa (student-centered) maupun yang berpusat pada dosen (teacher-centered) secara hati-hati agar dapat membentuk corak berpikir analitis mahasiswa yang optimal. Kata-kata kunci: corak berpikir analitis, gaya belajar mahasiswa, gaya mengajar dosen, metode mengajar dosen

Quality of life and health status of Indonesian women with breast cancer symptoms before the definitive diagnosis

__Objectives__ Breast cancer (BC) is prevalent in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) where the majority of cases are diagnosed in late stages. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess quality of life (QOL) and health status of Indonesian women with BC symptoms before definitive diagnosis; (2) to compare QOL and health status between women with BC symptoms before definitive diagnosis and Indonesian women in general; (3) to evaluate the association between demographic variables (age, residence, social economic status and education level) and QOL within the Indonesian women with BC symptoms before definitive diagnosis. __Methods__ We used WHOQOL-BREF to measure QOL and EQ-5D-5L for health status. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to compare QOL and health status between women with BC symptoms and women from the general Indonesian population in order to control for confounders. Regression analyses were used for testing the association between the demographic variables, QOL, and health status. __Results__ In comparison with the data from the women from the general population (n = 471), the women with BC symptoms (n = 132) reported lower QOL, especially in physical and psychological domains. They also reported more problems in all dimensions of health status. Higher education and monthly income were positively associated with QOL and health status among the women with BC symptoms. __Conclusion__ Before receiving a definitive diagnosis, women who visit hospitals with symptoms of BC, report a lower QOL and health status than women in general. Our results suggest that healthcare providers should provide targeted strategies for women with BC symptoms to improve their QOL

A self-help intervention for reducing time to diagnosis in Indonesian women with breast cancer symptoms

Objective: We investigated the effectiveness of a self-help intervention named PERANTARA, which aims to improve adherence to diagnostic procedures among women with breast cancer (BC) symptoms to reduce the time to a definitive diagnosis. Methods: With a cluster randomized crossover design across four hospitals, PERANTARA and treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU only was provided at successive periods in a randomly determined order. The main outcome was the time between the first medical consultation and the definitive diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were BC knowledge, measured by the Breast Cancer Knowledge Test (BCKT); symptoms of anxiety and depression, measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); quality of life, measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF); and health status, measured by the EQ-5D-5L. A linear mixed model analysis was conducted to analyse the outcomes. Results: We recruited 132 women with BC symptoms from four hospitals; 67 participants were in the intervention group, and 65 participants were in the control group. PERANTARA reduced the time to definitive diagnosis by 13.3 days (M [SD]: 25.90 [23.20] in the intervention group vs 39.29 [35.10] in the control group

Understanding the protective effect of social support on depression symptomatology from a longitudinal network perspective

Background: Higher social support protects people from developing mental disorders. Limited evidence is available on the mechanism through which social support plays this protective role. Objective: To investigate the stress-buffering process of social support on depressive symptoms using a novel longitudinal dynamic symptom network approach. Methods: A total of 4242 adult participants who completed the first two waves (from May to October 2020) of the International Covid Mental Health Survey were included in the study. Cross-lagged panel network modelling was used to estimate a longitudinal network of self-reported social support, loneliness and depressive symptoms. Standardised regression coefficients from regularised cross-lagged regressions were estimated as edge weights of the network. Findings: The results support a unidirectional protective effect of social support on key depressive symptoms, partly mediated through loneliness: A higher number of close confidants and accessible practical help was associated with decreased anhedonia (weight=-0.033) and negative self-appraisal symptoms (weight=-0.038). Support from others was also negatively associated with loneliness, which in turn associated with decreased depressed mood (weight=0.086) and negative self-appraisal (weight=0.077). We identified a greater number of direct relationships from social support to depressive symptoms among men compared with women. Also, the edge weights from social support to depression were generally stronger in the men's network. Conclusions: Reductions in negative self-appraisal might function as a bridge between social support and other depressive symptoms, and, thus, it may have amplified the protective effect of social support. Men appear to benefit more from social support than women. Clinical implications: Building community-based support networks to deliver practical support, and loneliness reduction components are critical for depression prevention interventions after stressful experiences

Resilience of people with chronic medical conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 1-year longitudinal prospective survey

Backgrounds: Individuals with chronic medical conditions are considered highly exposed to COVID-19 pandemic stress, but emerging evidence is demonstrating that resilience is common even among them. We aimed at identifying sustained resilient outcomes and their predictors in chronically ill people during the first year of the pandemic. Methods: This international 4-wave 1-year longitudinal online survey included items on socio-demographic characteristics, economic and living situation, lifestyle and habits, pandemic-related issues, and history of mental disorders. Adherence to and approval of imposed restrictions, trust in governments and in scientific community during the pandemic were also investigated. The following tools were administered: the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, the PTSD Checklist DSM-5, the Oslo Social Support Scale, the Padua Inventory, and the Portrait Values Questionnaire. Results: One thousand fifty-two individuals reporting a chronic condition out of 8011 total participants from 13 countries were included in the study, and 965 had data available for the final model. The estimated probability of being “sustained-resilient” was 34%. Older male individuals, participants employed before and during the pandemic or with perceived social support were more likely to belong to the sustained-resilience group. Loneliness, a previous mental disorder, high hedonism, fear of COVID-19 contamination, concern for the health of loved ones, and non-approving pandemic restrictions were predictors of not-resilient outcomes in our sample. Conclusions: We found similarities and differences from established predictors of resilience and identified some new ones specific to pandemics. Further investigation is warranted and could inform the design of resilience-building interventions in people with chronic diseases