Prevalence of the HDI: Alternative consideration of employment factors from 30 OECD countries

The HDI has played an influential role in the debate on human development for many years. However, no index is perfect in the HDI. It can be argued that the current HDI does not totally reflect human development performance, and thus proper rankings for some countries. Therefore, this article aims to construct a new composite index for the development performance of a sample of 30 organizations for OECD countries by adding a fourth indicator, namely the employment rate to the calculation of HDI. Including employment factors in HDI as a new indicator has not only made the index more comprehensive but also presented a more suitable dimension for assessing the development performance of countries. By considering these factors, it is hoped that people will get a decent income in order to achieve a level of welfare

The Effect of Supply Chain Management on the Operational Performance of Small and Medium Industries for Amplang Products in Samarinda City

Industry is an economic activity which processes raw materials, semi-finished goods or finished materials into something that has fine use value as well as aesthetic value. Industries which are developing in Indonesia, both small and medium scale industries, make producers competing to produce a competitive product. Small and medium industries (IKM), amplang producers, compete to produce a competitive product. The population in this study were 13 business owners and employees of the IKM amplang producers. The research sample consisted of 30 respondents who are owners and employees of the amplang industry in Samarinda city. This study used Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) data analysis. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of information sharing, long term relationship, and integration process on operational performance of amplang producers in Samarinda city. This research has succeeded in finding a positive and significant influence of information sharing on the operational performance of IKM amplang producers, long term relationships have a positive but insignificant effect on the operational performance of IKM amplang producers, and the integration process has a positive and significant effect on operational performance of amplang producers

Innovation Capability towards Business Performance trough Company Resources Industry Creatif Handycraft in Bali

This study aims to explain the role of innovation capability in mediating company resources on business performance to overcome the gaps in internal human resource relations which are unable to provide a strategic composition that improves the performance of the business. Determination of the sample in this study using a purposive sampling method with a sample of 120 respondents and data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires which were measured using a Likert scale. The data analysis techniques used in this research are Path Analysis and Sobel Test to test the hypothesis about the role of mediation. The results showed that company resources had a positive and significant effect on business performance. Company resources also have a positive and significant effect on innovation capabilities. Furthermore, innovation capability has a positive and significant effect on business performance and innovation capability can partially mediate the influence of company resources on business performance. The implication of the research results is to develop the previous theory about RBV which emphasizes the role of intangible resources that can lead companies to achieve competitive advantage. In this study, the company resource variables, both tangible and intangible, can influence their ability to compete by increasing innovation capabilities and having an impact on improving business performance. Also, the practical implications are providing input to SME businesses in the handicraft sector to always develop their resources thoroughly so that innovation capabilities are higher and ultimately have an impact on business performance

SINERGI INOVASI, MODAL BUDAYA DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM MENCIPTAKAN KESEJAHTERAAN UMKM

The happiness level of MSME actors determines the regional economy. Small business innovation is the driving force behind MSMEs' happiness and business continuity. Business units classified as micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are the locomotives of the regional and national economies. This study aimed to analyze the influence of cultural capital and community involvement on the well-being of MSMEs either directly or through MSME innovation. This study was conducted on MSME agents. Data was collected through questionnaires from 350 MSME agents and 150 MSME agents, and data analysis was performed using the SEM PLS. The study results indicate that cultural capital and community involvement have a positive and significant impact on the innovations undertaken by MSMEs. The cultural capital and innovation of MSMEs have a positive and significant effect on the happiness of MSMEs. In contrast, the role of community participation has an insignificant effect on the happiness of MSMEs. MSME innovation controls the impact of cultural capital on MSME welfare with partial mediation, and MSME innovation controls the impact of public engagement on MSME welfare with complete mediation

Connectivity Continuous Improvement Program and Employee Performance

In a turbulent business environment, company personnel are required to always make continuous improvements to the systems and processes used to generate value for customers and connect the performance of their employees. The purpose of the study was to analyze the extent of connectivity continuous improvement program and employee performance. The subjects of the study were employees of PT Kitadin Site Embalut located in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province (Indonesia). Determination of the sample using probability sampling techniques totaling 60 employees and data processed through Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The conclusions obtained based on field interviews is: employee development and training variables, improvement of work quality and productivity, and building cooperation between work teams has a significant effect on employee performance. Meanwhile, employee involvement in problem solving and good communication has no significant effect on employee performance. Employee involvement in organizational events is expected not only to the same person continuously, but in rotation. The things that need to be improved are that each employee must be able to openly communicate with fellow colleagues, as long as it is related to work related to the company. Keywords: Continuous improvement program, Employee performance, Indonesia. JEL Classifications: J24, L2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.916

Implementation of Green Hospital Service Nutrition through Knowledge and Training on Improving Work Ability

Creating a green hospital environment is a variety of maintaining environmental cleanliness, water, electricity, and green nutrition. This study determines the implementation of green hospitals by creating the quality of nutrition provided through training and training to create sustainable employability at the Arifin Nu'mang Hospital, Indonesia. This research method is quantitative, and the study uses 2 types of population, so that the authors conducted a cluster, the population this study were 27 Nutrition Installation officers using total sampling and 250 hospitalized patients in the last 3 months using simple random sampling and the final sample used was 180 with the solving formula. The results showed that the quality of nutrition services in hospitals was more supported by the increase in the work capacity of nutrition installation officers. The workability creates a high level of work awareness and responsibility, and the workability variable is a good intervening variable on the quality of nutritional services. Training needs to be improved in increasing knowledge for the sustainability of the green hospital at Arifin Nu'mang Hospital. The results of this study contributed to the lack of a green hospital concept regarding the role of knowledge and training in improving the quality of nutritional services. Different from other research is the ability to distinguish between knowledge and training in measuring the quality of nutrition services; knowledge is a form of understanding that requires stimulation, while training is a form of action that is carried out deliberately in achieving goals. Keywords Green Hospital, Knowledge, Training, Work Ability, Quality Service Nutrition

Biosynthesis of HLA-C heavy chains in melanoma cells with multiple defects in the expression of HLA-A, -B, -C molecules

Recent investigations have shown that malignant transformation may down-regulate the expression of class I HLA molecules, beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) and members of the antigen-processing machinery. In the present study, we HLA-genotyped and identified at a biochemical level the three (HLA-A25, -B8, -Cw7) class I alleles expressed by the previously described [D'Urso CM et al (1992) J Clin Invest 87: 284-292] beta(2)m-defective human melanoma FO-1 cell line and tested their ability to interact with calnexin, calreticulin and the TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) complex. Ail these alleles were found to bind calnexin, but not calreticulin or the poorly expressed TAP complex, both in parental and beta(2)m-transfected FO-1 cells, demonstrating a complex defect of class I expression in FO-1 cells. In these conditions, Cw7 heavy chains interacted with calnexin more strongly than A25 and B8, and preferentially accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum, in both a calnexin-associated and a calnexin-free form. In addition, they could be transported to the cell surface at low levels even in the absence of beta(2)m, without undergoing terminal glycosylation. These results establish a parallel between HLA-C and the murine D-b and L-d molecules which have been found to be surface expressed and functional in beta(2)m-defective cells. They also demonstrate distinctive features of HLA-C molecules. We propose that the accumulation of several assembly intermediates of HLA-C might favour the binding of peptide antigens not readily bound by HLA-A and -B molecules in neoplastic cells with suboptimal class I expression

HLA-C and HIV-1: friends or foes?

The major histocompatibility complex class I protein HLA-C plays a crucial role as a molecule capable of sending inhibitory signals to both natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) via binding to killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR). Recently HLA-C has been recognized as a key molecule in the immune control of HIV-1. Expression of HLA-C is modulated by a microRNA binding site. HLA-C alleles that bear substitutions in the microRNA binding site are more expressed at the cell surface and associated with the control of HIV-1 viral load, suggesting a role of HLA-C in the presentation of antigenic peptides to CTLs. This review highlights the role of HLA-C in association with HIV-1 viral load, but also addresses the contradiction of the association between high cell surface expression of an inhibitory molecule and strong cell-mediated immunity. To explore additional mechanisms of control of HIV-1 replication by HLA-C, we address specific features of the molecule, like its tendency to be expressed as open conformer upon cell activation, which endows it with a unique capacity to associate with other cell surface molecules as well as with HIV-1 proteins

Modulation of Human Leukocyte Antigen-C by Human Cytomegalovirus Stimulates KIR2DS1 Recognition by Natural Killer Cells.

The interaction of inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules has been characterized in detail. By contrast, activating members of the KIR family, although closely related to inhibitory KIRs, appear to interact weakly, if at all, with HLA class I. KIR2DS1 is the best studied activating KIR and it interacts with C2 group HLA-C (C2-HLA-C) in some assays, but not as strongly as KIR2DL1. We used a mouse 2B4 cell reporter system, which carries NFAT-green fluorescent protein with KIR2DS1 and a modified DAP12 adaptor protein. KIR2DS1 reporter cells were not activated upon coculture with 721.221 cells transfected with different HLA-C molecules, or with interferon-γ stimulated primary dermal fibroblasts. However, KIR2DS1 reporter cells and KIR2DS1(+) primary natural killer (NK) cells were activated by C2-HLA-C homozygous human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFFs) but only after infection with specific clones of a clinical strain of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Active viral gene expression was required for activation of both cell types. Primary NKG2A(-)KIR2DS1(+) NK cell subsets degranulated after coculture with HCMV-infected HFFFs. The W6/32 antibody to HLA class I blocked the KIR2DS1 reporter cell interaction with its ligand on HCMV-infected HFFFs but did not block interaction with KIR2DL1. This implies a differential recognition of HLA-C by KIR2DL1 and KIR2DS1. The data suggest that modulation of HLA-C by HCMV is required for a potent KIR2DS1-mediated NK cell activation.This project has received funding from the EC Seventh Framework Program (NATURIMMUN project from Marie Curie Initial Training Network, FP7-PEOPLE-2012-ITN-317013, grant agreement No: 317013), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No: 695551), the Wellcome Trust (Grant agreement No: WT094107/Z/10/Z) and the UK Medical Research Council (Grant agreement No: 0701279 and MR/K021087/1)

HIV-1 Env associates with HLA-C free-chains at the cell membrane modulating viral infectivity

HLA-C has been demonstrated to associate with HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env). Virions lacking HLA-C have reduced infectivity and increased susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies. Like all others MHC-I molecules, HLA-C requires \u3b22-microglobulin (\u3b22m) for appropriate folding and expression on the cell membrane but this association is weaker, thus generating HLA-C free-chains on the cell surface. In this study, we deepen the understanding of HLA-C and Env association by showing that HIV-1 specifically increases the amount of HLA-C free chains, not bound to \u3b22m, on the membrane of infected cells. The association between Env and HLA-C takes place at the cell membrane requiring \u3b22m to occur. We report that the enhanced infectivity conferred to HIV-1 by HLA-C specifically involves HLA-C free chain molecules that have been correctly assembled with \u3b22m. HIV-1 Env-pseudotyped viruses produced in the absence of \u3b22m are less infectious than those produced in the presence of \u3b22m. We hypothesize that the conformation and surface expression of HLA-C molecules could be a discriminant for the association with Env. Binding stability to \u3b22m may confer to HLA-C the ability to preferentially act either as a conventional immune-competent molecule or as an accessory molecule involved in HIV-1 infectivity