Streaming Property Testing of Visibly Pushdown Languages

In the context of language recognition, we demonstrate the superiority of streaming property testers against streaming algorithms and property testers, when they are not combined. Initiated by Feigenbaum et al., a streaming property tester is a streaming algorithm recognizing a language under the property testing approximation: it must distinguish inputs of the language from those that are $\varepsilon$-far from it, while using the smallest possible memory (rather than limiting its number of input queries). Our main result is a streaming $\varepsilon$-property tester for visibly pushdown languages (VPL) with one-sided error using memory space $\mathrm{poly}((\log n) / \varepsilon)$. This constructions relies on a (non-streaming) property tester for weighted regular languages based on a previous tester by Alon et al. We provide a simple application of this tester for streaming testing special cases of instances of VPL that are already hard for both streaming algorithms and property testers. Our main algorithm is a combination of an original simulation of visibly pushdown automata using a stack with small height but possible items of linear size. In a second step, those items are replaced by small sketches. Those sketches relies on a notion of suffix-sampling we introduce. This sampling is the key idea connecting our streaming tester algorithm to property testers.Comment: 23 pages. Major modifications in the presentatio

Comparative genetic analysis of quantitative traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

One hundred and fifty F2–F3 families from a cross between two inbred sunflower lines FU and PAZ2 were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) attacks of terminal buds and capitula, and black stem (Phoma macdonaldii). A genetic linkage map of 18 linkage groups with 216 molecular markers spanning 1,937 cM was constructed. Disease resistances were measured in field experiments for S. sclerotiorum and under controlled conditions for P. macdonaldii. For resistance to S. sclerotiorum terminal bud attack, seven QTL were identified, each explaining less than 10% of phenotypic variance. For capitulum attack by this parasite, there were four QTL (each explaining up to 20% of variation) and for P. macdonaldii resistance, four QTL were identified, each having effects of up to 16%. The S. sclerotiorum capitulum resistance QTL were compared with those reported previously and it was concluded that resistance to this disease is governed by a considerable number of QTL, located on almost all the sunflower linkage groups

A new classification of HLA-DRB1 alleles differentiates predisposing and protective alleles for autoantibody production in rheumatoid arthritis

The HLA-DRB1 gene was reported to be associated with anticitrullinated protein/peptide autoantibody (ACPA) production in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A new classification of HLA-DRB1 alleles, reshaping the shared epitope (SE) hypothesis, was recently found relevant in terms of RA susceptibility and structural severity

Splenic Rupture and Malignant Mediterranean Spotted Fever

International audienc

Une méthode pour mesurer et spatialiser une contrainte climatique : l'enneigement sur le réseau routier du Massif central

A method to measure and spatialise a climatic constraint: snow on the road network in the Massif Central mountain range in central France. — This paper presents a method for measuring objectively and spatialising the constraints stemming from the snowing over of a road network. Situations of slowed and blocked of traffic are expressed using standard meteorological indicators, measured in terms of risk. The values of the risk indicators are calculated for 518 spatial units of 25 km2 making up the study area. The maps constructed from the risk indicators make it possible to isolate the sectors with the worst traffic problems. The overall weight of the constraint is determined by crossing these data with data on the degree of remoteness of the territories.On présente une méthode pour mesurer objectivement et spatialiser les contraintes liées à l'enneigement du réseau routier dans le Massif central. Les situations de ralentissement et de blocage de la circulation sont exprimées à partir d'indicateurs météorologiques standard, en termes d'indices de risque. Les valeurs des indices de risque sont calculées dans 518 unités spatiales de 25 km2 qui partagent le terrain d'étude. Les cartes construites à partir des indices de risque permettent d'isoler les secteurs où les difficultés de circulation sont les plus grandes. Le poids global de la contrainte est déterminé en croisant ces données avec celles sur l'enclavement des territoires.Serre Frédéric. Une méthode pour mesurer et spatialiser une contrainte climatique : l'enneigement sur le réseau routier du Massif central. In: Espace géographique, tome 29, n°4, 2000. pp. 365-375

La mise en tourisme du patrimoine paysager de la Vallée des peintres entre Berry et Limousin : un levier de développement rural ?

International audienceThe Creuse Valley is a major component of the water landscapes of northern part of the Limousin region in France. From the 19th century onwards, the quality of the atmosphere and the light in this section of the valley near the region of the Berry attracted many artists, particularly impressionist artists. This profusion of artistic creativity focusing on the landscapes of the valley then fell into oblivion before the work of art historians exhumed this key period of local cultural history. The site was subsequently listed by the State in 1995. This regional heritage is now considered as an asset by local stakeholders who are developing a tourist centre at the crossroads of the Berry and Limousin regions. The purpose of the article is to examine both the process of heritage development in the Valley of the Painters and the economic and territorial benefits of development initiatives.La vallée de la Creuse constitue une composante majeure des paysages de l'eau du Nord du Limousin. À l'approche du Berry, elle offre des ambiances et des jeux de lumières qui, à partir du XIXe siècle, vont attirer de nombreux artistes, notamment des peintres impressionnistes. Ce foisonnement artistique autour des paysages de la vallée tombe ensuite dans l'oubli avant que les travaux des historiens de l'art exhument cette période phare de l'histoire culturelle locale. S'ensuit le classement du site par l'État en 1995. Cette ressource patrimoniale est aujourd'hui considérée comme un atout par les acteurs locaux qui se mobilisent pour créer un pôle touristique à la croisée du Berry et du Limousin. Il s'agit de s'interroger à la fois sur le processus de patrimonialisation de la Vallée des peintres et sur les retombées en termes économiques et de construction territoriale des actions de valorisation

Les organisations internationales et la production d'un sens commun réformateur de la politique de protection maladie

Cet article explicite les logiques de la reconfiguration récente des organisations internationales intervenant dans le secteur de la santé et de la protection maladie, dans le sens d'une intervention accrue des organisations à vocation économique comme l'OCDE et la Banque mondiale, ainsi que le rôle de cette reconfiguration dans le processus transnational d'« harmonisation cognitive et normative » : mobilisant un volume de ressources sans cesse croissant, ces « nouveaux entrants » ont largement contribué à déplacer les termes des débats nationaux, désormais centrés sur la question de l'« efficience », à imposer un mot d'ordre pour réformer les systèmes de santé, « la concurrence encadrée », et à valoriser un ensemble de recettes d'action, inspirées de la gestion des soins et de la nouvelle gestion publique. Par là même, les organisations internationales à vocation économique constituent des acteurs décisifs de la dynamique de « transferts de politique » (policy transfers) au sein des pays de l'OCDE en matière de politique de protection maladie. Toutefois, l'ampleur et la nature de ces transferts est fonction de la spécificité des réseaux nationaux de la politique de protection maladie.This article presents the logic of recent reconfigurations in the role of international organisations active in the health and social policy domains. It finds there is increased intervention by economic organisations, such as the OECD and the World Bank, and that this involves a "harmonisation of knowledge and norms". With constantly growing resources, in the form of expertise as well as money, these new arrivals have contributed to a significant redefinition of the terms of national debates. They have made them more economic by focusing on "efficiency", and they promoted a notion of "limited competition", so as to sell a set of recipes inspired by the notion of managed care (in the American sense of the term) and of new public management. Such international organisations have become the agents of policy transfer within the OECD with respect to health protection. Nonetheless, the size and nature of the transfers depends on the particulars of national networks in health protection