The development of Russian sports psychology in the international context : From the XIX to the XX Century

The article examines the major milestones of the development of sports psychology in Europe, as well as the establishment of international communities in the field of sports psychology in the period going from the XIX Century to the end of the XX Century. Moreover, the author describes the history of sports psychology in Russia, including its Soviet period, and in Eastern Europe. Social and political environment are taken into account as they were important constraints to the evolution of Russian sport psychology either in a positive and negative way.El artículo examina los principales hitos del desarrollo de la psicología del deporte en Europa, así como el establecimiento de comunidades internacionales en el campo de la psicología del deporte en el período comprendido entre el siglo XIX y el final del siglo XX. Además, el autor describe la historia de la psicología del deporte en Rusia, incluido su período soviético, y en Europa del Este. Se tienen en cuenta el entorno social y político, ya que son limitaciones importantes para la evolución de la psicología del deporte rusa, tanto de forma positiva como negativa.В статье рассматриваются основные вехи развития спортивной психологии в Европе, а также создание междуна-родных сообществ в области спортивной психологии в период между 19-м и концом 20-го века. Кроме того, автор описывает историю спортивной психологии в России, в том числе в ее советский период, и в Восточной Европе. Социально-политическая среда принимается во внимание, поскольку они являются важными ограничениями для развития российской спортивной психологии, как положительно, так и отрицательно

The Mindfulness- Based Soccer Program (MBSoccerP): Effects on Elite Athletes

Newly, 3º wave CBT programs suggest that mindfulness-based programs might be an powerful strategy to optimize performance and improve flow.The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based soccer program (MBSoccerP) on elite soccer athletes. In a quasi-experimental design with experimental (n = 28) and control group (n = 29), the effectiveness of MBSoccerP was tested. The results of an analysis of covariance with repeated measures indicate that the intervention group (M=25.68, SD=3.42) significantly improved in FFMQ_Act awareness, FFMQ_Non react, SCS_Mindfulness, SCS_Self-Kindness, SCS_Common-Humanity, DFS2_total, and decreased BSI_Anxiety and AAQ-II, as traits compared to the control group, and increase direct measures scores of sport performance FAIP-A_global and FAIP-T_global performance. Results suggest that MBSoccerP can be effective in enhance elite soccer performance, self-compassion, psychological flexibility, mindfulness and flow

Determinants of the intention to use performance-enhancing substances among Portuguese gym users

The present study examined the determinants of the intentions to use prohibited performance- enhancing substances (PES) and the hypothesis of gender and PES use influencing Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) variables. A TPB approach was used. A convenience sample of Portuguese gym users (n = 453) completed an anonymous web-based survey. Variance-based structural equation modeling, multigroup analysis strategy, latent mean analysis approach and one-way ANOVA analysis were used. The findings showed that, at structural level, results support the TPB framework in terms of characterizing and predicting intentions to PES use in the gym users sample, and that subjective norms were the strongest predictor of PES use intentions. Female and male differed in intentions to use PES, subjective norms and beliefs. However, the predictive model in study remains invariable in both groups. Concerning PES use, results showed the existence of a significant difference, regarding all the TPB´s constructs of the PES users and nonusers’ groups, and that the predictive capacity of each predictor was different for each group. Psychological strategies should be based on subjective norms, alongside beliefs and attitudes towards PES use, since these variables influence the intention to use PES in that particular population

Enhance Sport Performance of Elite Athletes: The Mindfulness-Based Interventions

The purpose of this review is to summarize the empirical findings on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based programs to enhance elite athletes sport performance. A literature research was undertaken using Medline, Psych info, Web of Science, Cochrane, Ebscohost, Isi Web of Knowledge databases and references of retrieved articles. The search included original articles published from 1985 to March 2017. The main search terms were mindfulness programs, sport performance, elite athletes, in different combinations as needed. All articles were coded for their design, type of control, study population, and outcome measures. Search returned 26 articles, and set out 2 main mindfulness-based interventions on the field of elite sport performance. Despite methodological limitations in the research design, the results show MAC and MSPE programs as effective on enhancing elite athlete’s sports performance. To confirm these preliminary results, further research, with improved experimental designs, is recommended. Findings yielded mindfulness programs as an important factor on elite sport performance

A relacao interpessoal na diade treinador-atleta Desenvolvimento e aplicacao de um inventario de comportamentos ansiogenicos do treinador

Available from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Servico de Informacao e Documentacao, Av. D. Carlos I, 126, 1200 Lisboa / FCT - Fundação para o Ciência e a TecnologiaSIGLEPTPortuga

The development of Russian sports psychology in the international context : From the XIX to the XX Century

The article examines the major milestones of the development of sports psychology in Europe, as well as the establishment of international communities in the field of sports psychology in the period going from the XIX Century to the end of the XX Century. Moreover, the author describes the history of sports psychology in Russia, including its Soviet period, and in Eastern Europe. Social and political environment are taken into account as they were important constraints to the evolution of Russian sport psychology either in a positive and negative way.El artículo examina los principales hitos del desarrollo de la psicología del deporte en Europa, así como el establecimiento de comunidades internacionales en el campo de la psicología del deporte en el período comprendido entre el siglo XIX y el final del siglo XX. Además, el autor describe la historia de la psicología del deporte en Rusia, incluido su período soviético, y en Europa del Este. Se tienen en cuenta el entorno social y político, ya que son limitaciones importantes para la evolución de la psicología del deporte rusa, tanto de forma positiva como negativa.В статье рассматриваются основные вехи развития спортивной психологии в Европе, а также создание междуна-родных сообществ в области спортивной психологии в период между 19-м и концом 20-го века. Кроме того, автор описывает историю спортивной психологии в России, в том числе в ее советский период, и в Восточной Европе. Социально-политическая среда принимается во внимание, поскольку они являются важными ограничениями для развития российской спортивной психологии, как положительно, так и отрицательно

Propiedades Psicometricas de la Versi ´ on Portuguesa de la Escala de Perfeccionismo Multidimensional ´ de Frost

Perfectionism is defined as the desire to achieve the highest standards of performance, in combination with unduly critical evaluations of one´s performance (Frost, Marten, Lahart, & Rosenblate, 1990). This study was designed to analyse the psychometric proprieties of the Portuguese version of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS-F) using confirmatory factor analysis. A total of 556 Portuguese athletes completed the MPS-F. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to test whether the proposed multi-factorial structure of MPS-F fits the Portuguese data well. The psychometric properties of the new model indicated that all constructs had good internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. A multi-group analysis showed the cross validity of the model. The correlations between perfectionism, fear of failure and sport anxiety measures revealed evidence of its concurrent validity, providing evidence for the proposed model as a valid tool for assessing perfectionism in Portuguese sport contexts.El perfeccionismo se define como el deseo de alcanzar altos modelos de rentabilidad asociado a evaluaciones críticas relativas a su rentabilidad. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis psicométrico de la versión Portuguesa de la Escala Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo de Frost, en dos muestras diferentes (calibración con 350 atletas adolescentes y validación con 206 atletas adolescentes). El análisis factorial confirmatorio sugirió que después de dejar caer artículos con cargas bajas de factores, el modelo de seis factores mostro un buen ajuste (χ 2 = 292.83, B-S p < 0.001; χ 2/d f = 1.693, PCFI = 0.79, PGFI = 0.70, CFI = 0.96, GFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.045). Las propiedades psicométricas del nuevo modelo han demostrado una buena consistencia ´ interna, validad convergente y discriminante. El análisis multigrupos realizado ha comprobado la validad cruzada del modelo. Las correlaciones entre el perfeccionismo, el miedo a fallar y la ansiedad deportiva han revelado su validez concurrente, proveyendo así evidencias de que el modelo propuesto es una herramienta válida para acceder al perfeccionismo en el contexto deportivo portugués, sin embargo, futuras investigaciones son necesarias