Peri-Implantitis: etiology, risk factors and treatment concepts

Objectivo : A Peri-implantitis é uma doença inflamatória que afeta os tecidos moles e duros que cercam um implante em função. A eliminação do biofilme estabelecido e a descontaminação da superfície do implante é o objetivo principal no tratamento da peri-implantite.Métodos: Algunas técnicas cirúrgicas podem ser necessárias para nos proporcionar um acesso adequado para desgranular eficazmente os tecidos inflamados, bem como para descontaminar e, se indicado, modificar a superfície do implante. Antes da utilização de técnicas cirúrgicas, a terapia não cirúrgica e o reforço da higiene bucal devem ser realizados. Resultados: Como em qualquer doença, a prevenção é a melhor forma de tratamento e a peri-implantita não é exceção. O diagnóstico precoce da doença peri-implantar pode ajudar a controlar a progressão e permite a sua resolução por meios não cirúrgicos no caso de mucosite peri-implante. Conclusão: As doenças peri-implantes são doenças importantes como resultado de sua alta prevalência e da falta de um modo padrão de terapia. Um estudo completo dos fatores de risco locais e sistêmicos do paciente é importante antes de qualquer tratamento com implante.Aim: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease affecting soft and hard tissues surrounding a functional implant. The elimination of the established biofilm and decontamination of the implant surface are the main objectives in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Methods : Surgical techniques may be necessary to provide adequate access to degranulate the inflamed tissues effectively as well as to decontaminate and, if indicated, modify the implant surface. Before surgical techniques are employed, nonsurgical therapy and reinforcement of the oral hygiene should be performed. Results: As with every disease, prevention is the best treatment. Early peri-implant disease diagnosis can help in controling the progression and its resolution by non-surgical means in the case of peri-implant mucositis. Conclusion: Peri-implant diseases are important disease entities because of their high prevalence and the lack of a standard mode of therapy. Thorough study of the patient’s local and systemic risk factors is important before any implant treatment

Peri-Implantitis: etiology, risk factors and treatment concepts

Objectivo : A Peri-implantitis é uma doença inflamatória que afeta os tecidos moles e duros que cercam um implante em função. A eliminação do biofilme estabelecido e a descontaminação da superfície do implante é o objetivo principal no tratamento da peri-implantite.Métodos: Algunas técnicas cirúrgicas podem ser necessárias para nos proporcionar um acesso adequado para desgranular eficazmente os tecidos inflamados, bem como para descontaminar e, se indicado, modificar a superfície do implante. Antes da utilização de técnicas cirúrgicas, a terapia não cirúrgica e o reforço da higiene bucal devem ser realizados. Resultados: Como em qualquer doença, a prevenção é a melhor forma de tratamento e a peri-implantita não é exceção. O diagnóstico precoce da doença peri-implantar pode ajudar a controlar a progressão e permite a sua resolução por meios não cirúrgicos no caso de mucosite peri-implante. Conclusão: As doenças peri-implantes são doenças importantes como resultado de sua alta prevalência e da falta de um modo padrão de terapia. Um estudo completo dos fatores de risco locais e sistêmicos do paciente é importante antes de qualquer tratamento com implante.Aim: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease affecting soft and hard tissues surrounding a functional implant. The elimination of the established biofilm and decontamination of the implant surface are the main objectives in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Methods : Surgical techniques may be necessary to provide adequate access to degranulate the inflamed tissues effectively as well as to decontaminate and, if indicated, modify the implant surface. Before surgical techniques are employed, nonsurgical therapy and reinforcement of the oral hygiene should be performed. Results: As with every disease, prevention is the best treatment. Early peri-implant disease diagnosis can help in controling the progression and its resolution by non-surgical means in the case of peri-implant mucositis. Conclusion: Peri-implant diseases are important disease entities because of their high prevalence and the lack of a standard mode of therapy. Thorough study of the patient’s local and systemic risk factors is important before any implant treatment

Packaging Texture and Shape as Enhancers for Brand Positioning: The Moderating Role of Need for Touch (NFT)

This research-in-progress investigates the influence of two structural elements of brand’s packaging design, accessible by haptic exploration: texture and shape. The proposed conceptual framework details how these elements can facilitate the transfer of meaning to the brand and enhance its positioning in the consumer’s mind, especially in the case of a coherent symbolic message between these packaging attributes. Thus, we manipulate texture’s and shape’s gendered symbolic information and examine how they impact brand image and positioning. We will use two chocolate bar shapes (rectangular and oval) and two packaging textures (velvet-like and leather-like). According to previous research and researchers’ qualitative study, the rectangular shape and leather-like texture represent the masculine symbolic information while the oval and velvet-like represent the feminine one. The experiment’s main goal is to demonstrate the direct and interaction effects of texture and shape on gendered dimensions of brand personality, perceived quality, attitude towards the brand and purchase intention as well as the moderating role of Need for Touch. The authors argue that a clear packaging message with coherent symbolic cues will induce greater message accessibility by the customer, thus strengthening the brand image and positioning

Differential expression of parental alleles of BRCA1 in human preimplantation embryos

Gene expression from both parental genomes is required for completion of embryogenesis. Differential methylation of each parental genome has been observed in mouse and human preimplantation embryos. It is possible that these differences in methylation affect the level of gene transcripts from each parental genome in early developing embryos. The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a parent-specific pattern of BRCA1 expression in human embryos and to examine if this affects embryo development when the embryo carries a BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic mutation. Differential parental expression of ACTB, SNRPN, H19 and BRCA1 was semi-quantitatively analysed by minisequencing in 95 human preimplantation embryos obtained from 15 couples undergoing preimplantation genetic diagnosis. BRCA1 was shown to be differentially expressed favouring the paternal transcript in early developing embryos. Methylation-specific PCR showed a variable methylation profile of BRCA1 promoter region at different stages of embryonic development. Embryos carrying paternally inherited BRCA1 or 2 pathogenic variants were shown to develop more slowly compared with the embryos with maternally inherited BRCA1 or 2 pathogenic mutations. This study suggests that differential demethylation of the parental genomes can influence the early development of preimplantation embryos. Expression of maternal and paternal genes is required for the completion of embryogenesis

Malocclusion in Lebanese orthodontic patients : An epidemiologic and analytic study – An observational retrospective study

The recognition of malocclusion as an important problem in the public dental health services implies the need of carrying out epidemiologic studies and analysing the prevalence rates of malocclusion. The aim of this present article was to determine the prevalence of malocclusion in 410 Lebanese orthodontic patients (258 girls and 152 boys) referred to the Department of Orthodontics Saint-Joseph University Beirut, at DS6 stage, from different geographic locations. The distribution of malocclusion types according to Angle classification and sex and record frequencies of sagittal, vertical and transverse occlusal abnormalities with possible correlation between them. Class II malocclusion was the most frequently seen (49%) whereas Class III, subdivision the least frequently encountered (2.20%). Statistically significant difference was observed in normal Overjet, Overbite, Cross-bite, slight midline deviation, ANB, NL/ML, NSL/ML according to sex and between FMA, NL/ML, NSL/ML in the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups, and between ANB –AoBo in the normal and distal groups. Class II female Lebanese patients have a higher motivation for orthodontic therapy, statistically significant difference was found between vertical and sagittal angles

Meiotic outcome in two carriers of Y autosome reciprocal translocations: selective elimination of certain segregants

BACKGROUND: Reciprocal Y autosome translocations are rare but frequently associated with male infertility. We report on the meiotic outcome in embryos fathered by two males with the karyotypes 46,X,t(Y;4)(q12;p15.32) and 46,X,t(Y;16)(q12;q13). The two couples underwent preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) enabling determination of the segregation types that were compatible with fertilization and preimplantation embryo development. Both PGD and follow up analysis were carried out via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) allowing the meiotic segregation types to be determined in a total of 27 embryos. RESULTS: Interestingly, it was seen that the number of female embryos resulting from alternate segregation with the chromosome combination of X and the autosome from the carrier gamete differed from the corresponding balanced males with derivative Y and the derivative autosome by a ratio of 7:1 in each case (P = 0.003) while from the adjacent-1 mode of segregation, the unbalanced male embryos with the combination of der Y and the autosome were seen in all embryos from couple A and in couple B with the exception of one embryo only that had the other chromosome combination of X and derivative autosome (P = 0.011). In both cases the deficit groups have in common the der autosome chromosome that includes the segment Yq12 to qter. CONCLUSION: The most likely explanation may be that this chromosome is associated with the X chromosome at PAR2 (pseudoautosomal region 2) in the sex-body leading to inactivation of genes on the autosomal segment that are required for the meiotic process and that this has led to degeneration of this class of spermatocytes during meiosis

Investigation of microRNA expression and DNA repair gene transcripts in human oocytes and blastocysts

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to investigate the regulation of DNA repair genes by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing. Several miRNAs that are expressed during preimplantation embryo development have been shown or are predicted to target genes that regulate cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair in response to DNA damage. METHODS: This study compares the expression level of 20 miRNAs and 9 target transcripts involved in DNA repair. The statistical significance of differential miRNA expression between oocytes and blastocysts was determined by t test analysis using the GraphPad Prism v6 software. The possible regulatory roles of miRNAs on their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were analysed using a Pearson correlation test. RESULTS: This study shows for the first time that several miRNAs are expressed in human oocytes and blastocysts that target key genes involved in DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoints. Blastocysts exhibited statistically significant lower expression levels for the majority of miRNAs compared to oocytes (p < 0.05). Correlation analyses showed that there was both inverse and direct association between miRNAs and their target mRNAs. CONCLUSIONS: miRNAs target many mRNAs including ones involved in DNA repair mechanisms. This study suggests that miRNAs and their target mRNAs involved in DNA repair are expressed in preimplantation embryos. Similar to the miRNAs expressed in adult tissues, these miRNAs seem to have regulatory roles on their target DNA repair mRNAs during preimplantation embryo development

Etude du comportement visqueux-visco-plastique de suspensions sédimentaires multi-échelle

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