Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic elastin-like recombinamers: Development of self-assembling nanoparticles and hydrogels

Nanotechnology is one of the science fields with a great development in the last years, with an imperative necessity to produce systems with specific functionalities at nanometric scale. Nanotechnology has provided sophisticated tools that have revolutionized many areas of knowledge, such as biomedical science, where enables improving efficiency and accuracy of current diagnostic techniques, and developing safer and more effective therapeutics1. In many cases, these systems are inspired by nature, trying to mimic nanometric structures formed by proteins and or other macromolecules in the living tissues and cells. Elastin-Like-Recombinamers (ELRs) are excellent candidates to develop systems that mimic the extracellular matrix structure due to their smart behavior and their recombinant nature. And they could be applied for instance, to develop treatments for connective tissue diseases as arthrosis. The recombinant nature is one of the most important features of these polymers, that allows to produce them by recombinant expression in Escherichia coli from predesigned genes. So we are able to design new materials with enormous potential that integrate new properties incorporated by genetic engineering for specific applications in nanomedicine. The study shown here is focused on the development of new systems intended for injectable hydrogels in regenerative medicine, and for spherical nanocarriers in drug delivery. Based on the ability of self-organization into nanostructures demonstrated by previous amphiphilic tetrablock ELR2, three new copolymers have been developed varying the individual blocks size, of the original tetrablock ELR. Thus, the aim of this investigation is to shed light about the influence of the block sizes on the physicochemical properties and on the structuration of the nanoparticles and of the hydrogels, with the final goal of setting the basis to perform a rational design from the sequence level.Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Cristalografía y MineralogíaMáster en Nanociencia y Nanotecnología Molecular2017-06-3

Prospectiva en el Sector Empresarial de la Organización Nutri Tost S.A.S. Para el año 2036.

152 páginas con anexos.El objetivo del estudio prospectivo que se pretende alcanzar en el presente trabajo de grado de la maestría en Pensamiento Estratégico y Prospectiva, es realizar el análisis del futuro empresarial de la empresa Nutri Tost S.A.S. al horizonte del año 2036 y reconocer las estrategias empresariales que estarán en manos de esta organización en la conducción por el camino de la innovación y la competitividad.Magíster en Prospectiva y Pensamiento EstratégicoMaestrí

Trends in the design and use of elastin-like recombinamers as biomaterials

Producción CientíficaElastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), which derive from one of the repetitive domains found in natural elastin, have been intensively studied in the last few years from several points of view. In this mini review, we discuss all the recent works related to the investigation of ELRs, starting with those that define these polypeptides as model intrinsically disordered proteins or regions (IDPs or IDRs) and its relevance for some biomedical applications. Furthermore, we summarize the current knowledge on the development of drug, vaccine and gene delivery systems based on ELRs, while also emphasizing the use of ELR-based hydrogels in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Finally, we show different studies that explore applications in other fields, and several examples that describe biomaterial blends in which ELRs have a key role. This review aims to give an overview of the recent advances regarding ELRs and to encourage further investigation of their properties and applications.Comisión Europea (project NMP-2014-646075)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (projects PCIN-2015-010 / MAT2016-78903-R / BES-2014-069763)Junta de Castilla y León (project VA317P18

Impacto de la interactividad de la plataforma facebook en la reputación online de RPP noticias, 2018

La presente investigación fue realizada con el objetivo de determinar el impacto de la interactividad de la plataforma Facebook en la reputación online de RPP Noticias durante el período de enero a marzo de 2018. Se trata de un estudio de carácter explicativo donde la técnica de recolección de datos fue la observación y su instrumento, la guía de observación. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 380 publicaciones compartidas por RPP Noticias en su fan page de Facebook durante el período de estudio que fueron seleccionadas mediante un muestreo aleatorio. A partir de dichas publicaciones, se pudo analizar la interactividad de los usuarios a través de sus reacciones, comentarios y compartidos teniendo en cuenta el tipo de contenido publicado por RPP Noticias. Asimismo, se pudo profundizar en los comentarios de los usuarios, cuya interpretación en comentarios positivos, negativos o neutrales determinaría el impacto en la reputación online del medio. La principal conclusión afirma que la interactividad tuvo un impacto favorable en la reputación online de RPP Noticias debido a que casi la totalidad de comentarios producidos durante el periodo de estudio fueron comentarios positivos para el medio. Éste fomenta la creación de una conversación que, a su vez, incentiva a más usuarios a intercambiar información.This investigation was carried out with the objective of determining the impact of the interactivity of the Facebook platform on the online reputation of RPP Noticias during the period from January to March 2018. It is an explanatory study where the technique of data collection was the observation and its instrument was the observation guide. The sample consisted of 380 publications shared by RPP Noticias on their Facebook fan page during the study period that were selected by random sampling. From these publications, the interactivity of the users could be analyzed through their reactions, comments and sharing taking into account the type of content published by RPP Noticias. Likewise, it was possible to deepen the comments of the users, whose interpretation in positive, negative or neutral comments would determine the impact on the online reputation of the media. The main conclusion affirms that the interactivity had a favorable impact on the online reputation of RPP Noticias because almost all the comments produced during the study period were positive comments for the media. This encourages the creation of a conversation that, at the same time, encourages more users to exchange information.Tesi

Techniques for the Publication of Accessible Multimedia Content on the Web

Multimedia has become one of the most important sources of information and communication on the web. However, despite recent technological progress, people with disabilities and the elderly face difficulties accessing multimedia on the web. In some cases, these difficulties are impossible to overcome and are a fundamental cause of digital exclusion. Given the importance of this topic, several investigations on the problems of accessing multimedia resources have been carried out. Some organizations have also proposed certain standards to guide the creation and publication of accessible web content. Nevertheless, the authoring tools used in the process of publishing multimedia on the web do not offer all the accessibility features required. Authoring tools can also be used by people who do not have knowledge about web accessibility or programming, resulting in web publications lacking accessibility. This research proposes 278 novel techniques to guide authors, designers, programmers, and testers in the publication of accessible and inclusive multimedia on the web. These techniques are designed to guarantee the compliance with the recommended success criteria of Authoring Tools Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) 2.0 of the World Wide Web Consortium. Moreover, these techniques can be used to evaluate the accessibility of the existing authoring tools used to create multimedia for the web. Additionally, we present 80 possible failures that can cause the non-fulfillment of ATAG 2.0. These failures can help authors discern what to avoid and help evaluators check whether particular multimedia is accessible.This work was supported in part by the Study of Accessibility Requirements of Multimedia Content on the Web: Case Study MOOC under Research Project PII-DETRI-2019-03, in part by the EduTech under Project 609785-EPP-1-2019-1-ES-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP, and in part by the Erasmus C Programme of the European Union

Dataset for evaluating the accessibility of the websites of selected Latin American universities

This article presents the process of building a dataset for evaluation of the accessibility of 368 web pages, beginning with Webometrics rankings, the WAVE tool was used in the evaluation of the web pages. The dataset documents data on repeated errors with higher frequency, in such a way that they alert the web developers, supporting them in creating more inclusive and accessible websites for all types of people, including users with disabilities. The data show that university websites have frequent problems related to the lack of alternative text linked to images. Some of the university websites included in this dataset were found to violate web accessibility requirements based on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 and 2.1. Therefore, this data has been shared to allow replication of the experiment, and serve as an input to future studies related to web accessibility. The dataset is hosted, with public access, in the Mendeley Dataset Repository.The authors thank Universidad de Las Américas, Ecuador, for funding this research through the project FGE.PAV.19.11

Esquemas de volúmenes finitos de alto orden: implementación en GPUs y aplicación a la simulación de flujos geofísicos

En esta tesis doctoral se exponen los fundamentos teóricos necesarios en el diseño de esquemas numéricos de volúmenes finitos para sistemas hiperbólicos no conservativos de una y dos dimensiones. Para el caso unidimensional se repasan los conceptos de esquema camino-conservativo y esquema bien equilibrado, así como la extensión de los esquemas numéricos a alto orden, basados en la reconstrucción de estados. En particular, se presentan los esquemas de tipo PVM (Polynomial Viscosity Matrix), así como diversos esquemas de limitadores de flujo que resultan de la extensión natural del método WAF, utilizando como base algunos esquemas de tipo PVM. Para el caso bidimensional se aborda el diseño de esquemas numéricos camino-conservativos y bien equilibrados de volúmenes finitos para sistemas hiperbólicos no conservativos y su extensión a alto orden, en particular se presenta una reconstrucción de estados de tercer orden compacta y que resulta de la combinación WENO de paraboloides y planos. Se presenta además el desarrollo de métodos numéricos para el sistema de aguas someras bidimensional de una capa. En particular se definen esquemas de primer orden de tipo HLL y FORCE y su extensión a alto orden, un método de limitadores de flujo basado en el esquema HLL-WAF, así como su implementación en arquitecturas de tipo GPU, usando el entorno de programación CUDA. A continuación, se presenta un esquema numérico de orden uno para el sistema de aguas someras de una capa bidimensional en coordenadas esféricas (longitud/latitud), así como la extensión natural del método de limitadores de flujo presentado en el Capítulo 3 a este sistema. Finalmente, se presenta la validación del esquema de limitadores de flujo mediante la simulación de tsunamis reales, y la comparación con datos de campo

Mecanismos alternativos de resolución de conflictos: el mediador

Los mecanismos alternativos invitan a la realización de una gestión adecuada en la resolución de conflictos y conocer modelos de tratamiento. La mediación es la intervención en un conflicto de un tercero aceptable, imparcial y neutral, que carece de un poder decisorio, para o con el objetivo de cambiar o introducir cambios a la dinámica que ha tenido un conflicto o una situación conflictiva