Dependencia emocional en jóvenes estudiantes de psicología con familias nucleares e incompletas de una universidad privada de Piura

La finalidad de esta investigación, es conocer si existe una diferencia significativa en los niveles de Dependencia emocional en los jóvenes de Psicología con familias nucleares e incompletas. El estudio utilizado fue sustantivo, con diseño descriptivo – comparativo. Estuvo constituida por una muestra de 198 jóvenes de ambos géneros y tipos de familia (101 con familia nuclear y 97 con familia incompleta) con profesión de Psicología de una Universidad Privada de Piura. Se utilizó el instrumento denominado Escala de Dependencia Emocional (ACCA) por Anicama, Caballero, Cirilo y Aguirre, compuesta por 47 ítems. Finalmente se encontró discrepancias altamente significativas entre los niveles de dependencia emocional en los jóvenes con familias nucleares e incompletas. Así mismo, se hallaron diferencias entre el género masculino y femenino en relación con la va riable dependencia emocional y se encontró que la dimensión apego e inseguridad es la más predominante en los jóvenes de la carrera de psicología.The purpose of this research is to know if there is a significant difference in the levels of emotional dependency in young people from Psychology with nuclear and incomplete families. The study used was substantive, with a descriptive-comparative design. It was made up of a sample of 198 young people of both genders and family types (101 with nuclear families and 97 with incomplete families) with a profession of Psychology from a Private University of Piura. The instrument called Emotional Dependence Scale (ACCA) was used by Anicama, Caballero, Cirilo and Aguirre, composed of 47 items. Finally, highly significant discrepancies were found between the levels of emotional dependence in young people with nuclear and incomplete families. Likewise, differences were found between the male and female gender in relation to the variable emotional dependence and it was found that the dimension of attachment and insecurity is the most predominant in young people in the psychology career.Tesi

Should Attendance Be Required in Lecture Classrooms in Dental Education? Two Viewpoints

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153624/1/jddj0022033720168012tb06236x.pd

5to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

El V Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2019, realizado del 6 al 8 de febrero de 2019 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, ofreció a la comunidad académica nacional e internacional una plataforma de comunicación unificada, dirigida a cubrir los problemas teóricos y prácticos de mayor impacto en la sociedad moderna desde la ingeniería. En esta edición, dedicada a los 25 años de vida de la UPS, los ejes temáticos estuvieron relacionados con la aplicación de la ciencia, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación en cinco pilares fundamentales de nuestra sociedad: la industria, la movilidad, la sostenibilidad ambiental, la información y las telecomunicaciones. El comité científico estuvo conformado formado por 48 investigadores procedentes de diez países: España, Reino Unido, Italia, Bélgica, México, Venezuela, Colombia, Brasil, Estados Unidos y Ecuador. Fueron recibidas un centenar de contribuciones, de las cuales 39 fueron aprobadas en forma de ponencias y 15 en formato poster. Estas contribuciones fueron presentadas de forma oral ante toda la comunidad académica que se dio cita en el Congreso, quienes desde el aula magna, el auditorio y la sala de usos múltiples de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, cumplieron respetuosamente la responsabilidad de representar a toda la sociedad en la revisión, aceptación y validación del conocimiento nuevo que fue presentado en cada exposición por los investigadores. Paralelo a las sesiones técnicas, el Congreso contó con espacios de presentación de posters científicos y cinco workshops en temáticas de vanguardia que cautivaron la atención de nuestros docentes y estudiantes. También en el marco del evento se impartieron un total de ocho conferencias magistrales en temas tan actuales como la gestión del conocimiento en la universidad-ecosistema, los retos y oportunidades de la industria 4.0, los avances de la investigación básica y aplicada en mecatrónica para el estudio de robots de nueva generación, la optimización en ingeniería con técnicas multi-objetivo, el desarrollo de las redes avanzadas en Latinoamérica y los mundos, la contaminación del aire debido al tránsito vehicular, el radón y los riesgos que representa este gas radiactivo para la salud humana, entre otros

Oral health status in infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start in Seattle and factors related to their oral health

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2013Purpose: To assess dental caries by the level (prevalence) and the degree (mean dmfs) of the disease, as well as to investigate which factors regarding parents' behaviors related to oral health, oral hygiene and diet may be associated with dental caries among low-income urban preschoolers in Seattle. Methods: Children (n=155) aged 6 to 36 months and their parents from State assistance programs for low-income families participated in this cross-sectional study in Seattle, USA. The presence of dental caries was measured by one examiner using the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria. Information on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards oral health, oral diet and oral hygiene included breast/bottle feeding, frequency of sweet and sugary drink intake, frequency of between-meals sweet intake, frequency of bedtime food intake. Other variables also evaluated were demographics, such as children's age, gender and race/ethnicity; parents' age, education and marital status; number of children per household, history of dental examination, and history of dental pain. Caries prevalence and mean dmfs were calculated. Associations among predictors and oral health status (dental caries Y/N) were estimated using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression. Differences in dmfs distribution and predictors were evaluated using multiple linear regression. All regression models took clustering within sites into account. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 20.65% and the mean dmfs was 1.22(SD: 4.95). After adjusting for age (p<0.001), number of teeth, and sites of origin, we found that the use of exclusive bottle feeding (OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.59) was associated with a reduced likelihood of having dental caries compared to exclusive breastfeeding. The mean dmfs were found to be higher among children with frequent consumption of sugary drinks (mean difference: 1.68, 95% CI: -2.90, 6.27), frequent food intake in bed (mean difference: 2.40, 95% CI: -5.15, 9.95), and frequent sugary food consumption between meals (mean difference: 0.79, 95% CI: -4.98, 6.57) when compared to children reported not having these habits. Conclusions: During the first years of life, the type of milk feeding may play a role in the development of dental caries. In young children, diet can impact the extent of dental caries measured by the mean dmfs

Financiamiento bancario y su impacto en la rentabilidad de las empresas de ventas de combustibles en épocas de pandemia en el distrito de Piura 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar el impacto del financiamiento bancario en la rentabilidad de las empresas de ventas de combustibles en épocas de pandemia en el distrito de Piura 2020. La metodología tuvo un diseño no experimental con un enfoque cuantitativo, la muestra de estudio fue de 9 empresas, las cuales fueron seleccionadas a través de una muestra censal. Así mismo, se utilizó como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario; esto con el fin de obtener información relevante para el análisis estadístico de los datos. Los resultados fueron que hubo empresas que utilizaron los recursos propios para financiar sus operaciones, así como también hubo empresas que decidieron solicitar un préstamo a largo plazo, y estas decisiones tomadas por cada empresa les dieron resultados favorables para ellos; como es el caso del grifo los Cocos ya que ellos decidieron utilizar sus recursos para poder financiar sus operaciones. Es por ello que se concluyó que el financiamiento bancario tuvo impacto positivo en la rentabilidad de las empresas de venta de combustible en épocas de pandemia puesto que el 88,2% afirmaron que el financiamiento obtenido por las entidades financieras les ha ayudado a mejorar su rendimiento

Chemomechanical versus drilling methods for caries removal: an in vitro study

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) with that of conventional drilling for efficacy of caries removal, time spent, morphological changes and microhardness of surface dentin, and microleakage of subsequent restorations. Forty-six carious deciduous molars were randomly divided into two groups: one each for caries removal by (1) CMCR and by (2) drilling. The completeness of caries removal was evaluated by visual and tactile criteria and a caries detector device. Twenty teeth in each group were restored with glass ionomer (GI) and subjected to thermocycling before undergoing microleakage and microhardness tests. In each group, three restored teeth were used for polarized light microscopic analysis, and three unrestored teeth for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There was no significant difference in the completeness of caries removal between groups. However, time spent for caries removal by CMCR was significantly longer than that required for drilling. Restorations in the CMCR group had significantly more microleakage than those in the drilling group. Dentin hardness of the cavity floor after CMCR was also significantly lower. Microscopic analyses showed roughened and irregular dentin surfaces in the CMCR group, unlike the smooth surfaces observed in the drilling group. In conclusion, CMCR was as efficacious as drilling in term of completeness of caries removal, but required longer excavation times and resulted in lower microhardness of residual dentin as well as more microleakage after restorations with GI. Further laboratory and clinical evaluations on the efficiency and performance of CMCR for the durability of subsequent restorations are required

Chemomechanical versus drilling methods for caries removal: an in vitro study

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) with that of conventional drilling for efficacy of caries removal, time spent, morphological changes and microhardness of surface dentin, and microleakage of subsequent restorations. Forty-six carious deciduous molars were randomly divided into two groups: one each for caries removal by (1) CMCR and by (2) drilling. The completeness of caries removal was evaluated by visual and tactile criteria and a caries detector device. Twenty teeth in each group were restored with glass ionomer (GI) and subjected to thermocycling before undergoing microleakage and microhardness tests. In each group, three restored teeth were used for polarized light microscopic analysis, and three unrestored teeth for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There was no significant difference in the completeness of caries removal between groups. However, time spent for caries removal by CMCR was significantly longer than that required for drilling. Restorations in the CMCR group had significantly more microleakage than those in the drilling group. Dentin hardness of the cavity floor after CMCR was also significantly lower. Microscopic analyses showed roughened and irregular dentin surfaces in the CMCR group, unlike the smooth surfaces observed in the drilling group. In conclusion, CMCR was as efficacious as drilling in term of completeness of caries removal, but required longer excavation times and resulted in lower microhardness of residual dentin as well as more microleakage after restorations with GI. Further laboratory and clinical evaluations on the efficiency and performance of CMCR for the durability of subsequent restorations are required

An assessment of pediatric dental caries and family quality of life in an informal Amazonian community

BACKGROUND: Oral diseases are among the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide, disproportionally affecting vulnerable populations. The Community of Claverito is one of many informal urban floating communities located on the Amazon River in Peru. OBJECTIVES: To assess child and caregiver dental health status (DHS) and to measure the associations between child DHS and child and family quality of life in the informal Community of Claverito. METHODS: DHS, as measured by decayed and filled teeth (DFT/dft), was recorded for 66 children and 35 caregivers using the WHO Oral Assessment form. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ). The family impact of child oral disorders was measured using the Family Impact Scale (FIS). Descriptive statistics, correlations, and regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations between DFT/dft, P-CPQ, and FIS scores (p < 0.05). FINDINGS: The majority of children assessed were female (52%) with a mean age of 9.4 years (SD ± 4.4). The prevalence of untreated child dental caries was 97%. The child and caregiver's mean DFT/dft scores were 6.8 (SD ± 4.5) and 8.7 (SD ± 13.3), respectively. Mean total P-CPQ and total FIS scores were 33.4 and 12.5, respectively. A significant positive association was observed between child DFT/dft scores and total FIS scores (p < 0.01). Significant associations were also observed between child DFT/dft scores and caregiver age (p < 0.01) and child DFT/dft scores and caregiver DFT scores (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Children and their caregivers living in the Community of Claverito exhibited high levels of dental caries. Children's untreated dental caries were associated with both family's quality of life and caregivers' untreated dental caries. Further research is needed on how improving availability and access to oral health services have the potential to benefit the health of residents of informal communities like the one of Claverito

Implementation of REDCap mobile app in an oral HIV clinical study

Abstract Background In Peru, HIV cases are highly concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite the availability of anti-retroviral therapy, people living with HIV (PWH) have higher levels of oral diseases. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is significantly present among PWH. Our overarching goal was to generate foundational evidence on the association of AUD and oral health in MSM with HIV and enhance research capacity for future intersectional research on AUD, oral health and HIV. Our specific aim was to implement an on-site electronic data collection system through the use of a REDCap Mobile App in a low-middle income country (LMIC) setting. Methods Five validated surveys were utilized to gather data on demographics, medical history, HIV status, alcohol use, HIV stigma, perceived oral health status, and dietary supplement use. These surveys were developed in REDCap and deployed with the REDCap Mobile App, which was installed on ten iPads across two medical HIV clinics in Lima, Peru. REDCap app as well as the protocol for data collection were calibrated with feedback from trial participants and clinical research staff to improve clinical efficiency and participant experience. Results The mean age of participants (n = 398) was 35.94 ± 9.13y, of which 98.5% identified as male, and 85.7% identified as homosexual. 78.1% of participants binge drank, and 12.3% reported being heavy drinkers. After pilot testing, significant modifications to the structure and layout of the surveys were performed to improve efficiency and flow. The app was successfully deployed to replace cumbersome paper records and collected data was directly stored in a REDCap database. Conclusions The REDCap Mobile App was successfully used due to its ability to: (a) capture and store data offline, (b) timely translate between multiple languages on the mobile app interface, and (c) provide user-friendly interface with low associated costs and ample support. Trial registration 1R56DE029639-01

Dental caries and anthropometrics of children living in an informal floating Amazonian community:a cross-sectional pilot study

Aims: Increasing evidence supports a relationship between poor oral health and growth in children. Our objective was to assess the association between the presence of dental caries and anthropometric measurements of children residing in Claverito, a floating slum community in the Peruvian Amazon. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, presence of caries was assessed using dmft/DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) scores and the SiC Index (mean dmft/DMFT of one-third of the study group with the highest caries score). Anthropometric categories for age-sex-specific z-scores for height and weight were calculated based on WHO standardized procedures and definitions. The association between SiC (measured by dmft/DMFT) and anthropometric measures was estimated using unadjusted and adjusted multivariable linear regression models. Critical value was established at 5%. Results: Our study population consisted of 67 children between the ages of 1 and 18 years old. Mean age was 9.5 years old (SD: 4.5), and the majority were female (52.2%). Almost all had dental caries (97.0%) and the mean dmft/DMFT score was 7.2 (SD: 4.7). The SiC Index of this population was 9.0. After adjusting for confounding variables, participants who had permanent dentition with the highest dmft/DMFT levels had statistically significant decreased height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) (p=0.04). Conclusions: We found an inverse linear association between SiC Index and height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) among children living in poverty in a floating Amazonian community in Peru. Children from under-resourced communities, like floating slums, are at high risk for oral disease possibly negatively impacting their growth and development