92 research outputs found
The semi-presidential system of Cape Verde: the relationship between the executive and the legislative powers = O sistema semi-presidencialista caboverdiano: a relação entre os poderes executivo e legislativo
e article analyses the relationship established between the executive
and legislative powers in the Cape Verdean government system
where researchers seek to understand it, taking into account their theoretical
and constitutional setting practice. It should be noted the prominence
of the debate and studies undertaken to understand how the scienti c
academy seeks to eradicate this problem. Two issues are relevant in this
debate: the rst reporting to the theoretical and constitutional con guration
of Cape Verdean government system and the other to its policy and
legislative practice.
Keywords: Cape Verde. Semi-presidential System. Systems of Government.
Legislative and Executive Powers.O artigo procura analisar a relação que se estabelece entre o poder
executivo e legislativo no sistema de governo cabo-verdiano, onde Investigadores
buscam compreendĂȘ-lo, tendo em conta a sua con guração
prĂĄtica, teĂłrica e constitucional. HĂĄ que realçar a proeminĂȘncia do debate
e dos estudos realizados no sentido de compreender como Ă© que a academia
cientà ca procura debelar esta problemåtica. Duas questÔes são
pertinentes neste debate: a primeira refere-se à con guração teórico-constitucional
do sistema de governo cabo-verdiano e a outra Ă prĂĄtica polĂtica
e legislativa.
Palavras-chave: Cabo Verde. Sistema Semi-presidencialista. Sistemas de Governo.
Poder legislativo e Poder Executivo
Logic Programming and Logarithmic Space
We present an algebraic view on logic programming, related to proof theory
and more specifically linear logic and geometry of interaction. Within this
construction, a characterization of logspace (deterministic and
non-deterministic) computation is given via a synctactic restriction, using an
encoding of words that derives from proof theory.
We show that the acceptance of a word by an observation (the counterpart of a
program in the encoding) can be decided within logarithmic space, by reducing
this problem to the acyclicity of a graph. We show moreover that observations
are as expressive as two-ways multi-heads finite automata, a kind of pointer
machines that is a standard model of logarithmic space computation
Radionuclide biological half-life values for terrestrial and aquatic wildlife
The equilibrium concentration ratio is typically the parameter used to estimate organism activity concentrations within wildlife dose assessment tools. Whilst this is assumed to be fit for purpose, there are scenarios such as accidental or irregular, fluctuating, releases from licensed facilities when this might not be the case. In such circumstances, the concentration ratio approach may under- or over-estimate radiation exposure depending upon the time since the release. To carrying out assessments for such releases, a dynamic approach is needed. The simplest and most practical option is representing the uptake and turnover processes by first-order kinetics, for which organism- and element-specific biological half-life data are required. In this paper we describe the development of a freely available international database of radionuclide biological half-life values. The database includes 1907 entries for terrestrial, freshwater, riparian and marine organisms. Biological half-life values are reported for 52 elements across a range of wildlife groups (marine = 9, freshwater = 10, terrestrial = 7 and riparian = 3 groups). Potential applications and limitations of the database are discussed
Best practices for predictions of radionuclide activity concentrations and total absorbed dose rates to freshwater organisms exposed to uranium mining/milling.
This is the final version. Available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.Predictions of radionuclide dose rates to freshwater organisms can be used to evaluate the radiological environmental impacts of releases from uranium mining and milling projects. These predictions help inform decisions on the implementation of mitigation measures. The objective of this study was to identify how dose rate modelling could be improved to reduce uncertainty in predictions to non-human biota. For this purpose, we modelled the activity concentrations of 210Pb, 210Po, 226Ra, 230Th, and 238U downstream of uranium mines and mills in northern Saskatchewan, Canada, together with associated weighted absorbed dose rates for a freshwater food chain using measured activity concentrations in water and sediments. Differences in predictions of radionuclide activity concentrations occurred mainly from the different default partition coefficient and concentration ratio values from one model to another and including all or only some 238U decay daughters in the dose rate assessments. Consequently, we recommend a standardized best-practice approach to calculate weighted absorbed dose rates to freshwater biota whether a facility is at the planning, operating or decommissioned stage. At the initial planning stage, the best-practice approach recommend using conservative site-specific baseline activity concentrations in water, sediments and organisms and predict conservative incremental activity concentrations in these media by selecting concentration ratios based on species similarity and similar water quality conditions to reduce the uncertainty in dose rate calculations. At the operating and decommissioned stages, the best-practice approach recommends relying on measured activity concentrations in water, sediment, fish tissue and whole-body of small organisms to further reduce uncertainty in dose rate estimates. This approach would allow for more realistic but still conservative dose assessments when evaluating impacts from uranium mining projects and making decision on adequate controls of releases
A boomâorâbust approach â the âGlass Cannonâ hypothesis in host microbiomes
In Focus: Dunphy, CM, Vollmer, SV, Gouhier, TC. (2021) Hostâmicrobial systems as glass cannons: Explaining microbiome stability in corals exposed to extrinsic perturbations. Journal of Animal Ecology, 90, 1044â1057. The importance of symbiotic microbial communities for the functioning of animal hosts is now wellâdocumented; however, the interactions between host microbiomes and stress are less wellâunderstood. Dunphy et al. used a common garden experiment to show that hostâmicrobiomes vary in their resilience across different coral species. The authors then used mathematical modelling to provide novel evidence that species with microbiomes that are regulated by host processes are robust to perturbation from stressors, but that robustness comes at a higher cost to the host. Conversely, species with microbiomes that are regulated by microbial processes are generally much more resilient and cheaper to support, but when disrupted by external stressors, the communities break down entirelyâthese latter species are termed âglass cannonsâ. This novel hypothesis has important implications for how host microbiomes function in a rapidly changing world that exposes animal hosts to multiple biotic and abiotic perturbations
Ueber die Verdienste der Jesuiten um die Wissenschaften, und ĂŒber die Nothwendigkeit der Wiederherstellung derselben; Zwey Briefe an Se. Excellenz den Hrn. Gesandten von ***
Two-dimensional position-sensitive gaseous detectors for high-resolution neutron and X-ray diffraction
Protection of non-human biota against radiation in freshwater-Effect of time dependence in tiered exposure assessment
The ERICA's European framework that have been proposed to assess the exposure of biota to radionuclides is based on tiered approach: the Tier 1 assessment is based on equilibrium assumptions (constant radioactive releases over time, equilibrium at the interfaces water-suspended matter and water-biota); the Tier 2 assessment allows to use time-dependent and site-specific data to perform a more precise evaluation. The objective of this paper was to compare these two tiers in the context of routine releases from nuclear power plants in freshwater ecosystem. The Loire River where 14 nuclear power plants (NPPs) operate was chosen as a case study and the transport of 60Co in the river, its partition between water and suspended particles and its bioaccumulation was calculated under equilibrium and time-dependent assumptions respectively. Using this case study allowed to quantify the overpredictions linked to conservatisms assumed in Tier 1. Recommendations were identified on when a Tier 2 approach is actually needed. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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