50 research outputs found
Metalosis por titanio en pseudoartrosis de húmero
Presentamos un caso clínico de pseudoartrosis diafisaria de húmero, en la que
se pudo observar un proceso de corrosión por abrasión de los clavos centro-medulares, acompañado
de la emisión de una gran cantidad de micropartículas metálicas (titanio) al interior de
los tejidos. Se plantea la posibilidad, como otros trabajos han demostrado, que la presencia de
titanio en el interior de los tejidos, estimule la liberación de sustancias mediadoras de la reabsorción
ósea, favoreciéndose el proceso de su pseudoartrosis.We present a clinical case of humerus non-union. An excesive inestability of the
focus caused a corrosion process of the titanium nails. Metal microparticles were delivered. Inmunity
reaction versus titanium occasioned osseus reabsortion and it favoured the pseudoarthrosis
process
Application of tissue engineering in perianal Crohn´s Disease
En este trabajo se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica de los artículos más relevantes que han sido publicados
en revistas científicas de impacto durante los últimos años con el objetivo de conocer las nuevas opciones
terapéuticas en el tratamiento de las complicaciones fistulosas de la Enfermedad de Crohn que repercuten
de forma importante en la calidad de vida de los pacientes que la padecen. Las Terapias Avanzadas en este
campo, se centran en las células madre como nuevo enfoque en el tratamiento de las fístulas perianales de
los enfermos de Crohn. Dentro de la Ingeniería Tisular, el método empleado es la transferencia de células
que pueden proceder de diferentes fuentes (mesenquimales o hematopoyéticas) y con diferentes formas de
aplicación (local o sistémica) además de distinto origen (alogénico o autólogo). Las células madre pueden
obtenerse de tejido adiposo, médula ósea o de origen hematopoyético. La forma más frecuente empleada es
a partir de tejido adiposo alogénico administrándolas de forma local en el trayecto de la fístula ya que de esta
manera existen menos efectos adversos y la obtención tiene menor morbimortalidad en comparación con el
resto de métodos. Las células de origen hematopoyético, hasta hoy, tienen un número relativamente elevado
de efectos adversos que no las convierten en una opción aceptable en el tratamiento de estas complicaciones.
Actualmente, a pesar de ser una opción de tratamiento aparentemente eficaz y segura, son necesarios más
estudios que impliquen mayor número de pacientes con muestras más homogéneas y con un seguimiento
mayor en el tiempo.In this work we have reviewed the most relevant articles that have been published in scientific journals
of great impact for the last years in order to know the new therapeutic options in the treatment of the
fistulous complications in Crohn's Disease, which widely affect to the quality of life in those patients who
suffer from it. Advanced Therapies in this field focus on stem cells as a new approach in the treatment of
perianal fistulas of Crohn's patients. Within Tissue Engineering, the method used is the transfer of cells that
can come from different sources (mesenchymal or hematopoietic) and with different ways of application
(local or systemic) as well as from different origin (allogeneic or autologous). Stem cells can be obtained
from adipose tissue, bone marrow or hematopoietic origin. The most frequent form used is from allogenic
adipose tissue, administering them locally in the path of the fistula since, this way, there are fewer adverse
effects and its obtaining has lower morbidity and mortality compared to the rest of the methods. Cells of
hematopoietic origin, up to now, have a relatively high number of adverse effects that do not make them an
acceptable option in the treatment of these complications. Currently, despite being an apparently effective
and safe treatment, it is completely necessary to have more patients with more homogeneous samples and
a longer follow-up over time
The first cetacean sightings network in Spain: results of a co-operation within the Spanish Cetacean Society
3 pages, 2 tables.-- Fifteenth Annual Conference of the European Cetacean Society, Rome, Italy, 6-10 May 200ln 1999, the Spanish Cetacean Society (SEC) was created in order to co-ordinate the activities of different organisations and research groups in Spain, and to provide assistance to regional and national authorities in issues related to the conservation of the marine environment. In July 1999, the Spanish Ministry for the Environment appointed to the SEC the custody of a national database of shandings and sightings of cetaceans in order to standardise the methodology used by all groups involved in these activities, and to facilitate the exchange of information among researchers. The Sightings Working Group of the SEC has been, since then, developing and updating the cetacean sightings database with the participation of most research and conservation groups working in Spain. This is the fìrst time in Spain that most groups put together their information creating a National Sightings Network and giving a fairly complete vision of cetacean distribution throughout the whole country, showing the importance of co-ordinated co-operation in the context of conservationDGCN (National Environment Agency) of the Spanish Ministry for the EnvironmentN
Diferencias morfológicas y de condición física en futbolistas adolescentes según posición de juego: una revisión sistemática
Introduction: The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the studies that evaluate morphological and physical fitness differences in young soccer players according to playing position.Material and Methods: For its elaboration, the PRISMA-P protocol was followed, the PubMed/MEDLINE database was used, and the Downs & Black methodological quality assessment was applied. Six studies met all the selection criteria, adding 784 soccer players (229 defenders [DF]; 271 midfielders [MF], 168 forwards [FW] and 69 goalkeepers [GK]) with a mean age of 16.2 years.Results: The analyzed studies indicate, that GK and DF have a height, body weight, endomorphic component and body fat higher than MF and FW, except for one study that reports higher values for body weight in FW and DF with respect to MF. In relation to physical fitness, the maximum squat exhibited higher values for FW compared to MF; cardiorespiratory fitness was higher in DF and MF when compared with GK and abdominal muscle resistance was greater in MF compared to DF. Conclusion: The GK and DF show greater height, body weight and body fat than the MF and FW. While physical fitness indicates that FW show greater lower body strength, MF and DF achieve greater cardiorespiratory fitness and MF present greater abdominal muscle resistance when young soccer players are analyzed according to playing position.Introducción: El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue analizar los estudios que evalúan las diferencias morfológicas y de condición física en futbolistas adolescentes según posición de juego.Material y métodos: Para su elaboración se siguió el protocolo PRISMA-P, se utilizó la base de datos PubMed/MEDLINE y se aplicó la evaluación de calidad metodológica de Downs & Black. Seis estudios cumplieron con todos los criterios de selección, sumando 784 futbolistas (229 defensas [DF]; 271 mediocampistas [MC], 168 delanteros [DL] y 69 porteros [PT]) con una edad media de 16,2 años. Resultados: Los estudios analizados indican que los PT y DF poseen una altura, peso corporal, componente endomórfico y grasa corporal mayor que MC y DL, excepto un estudio que reporta valores más altos para peso corporal en DL y DF respecto a MC. En relación a la condición física, la sentadilla máxima exhibió valores más elevados para DL respecto a MC; la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria fue superior en DF y MC al compararlos con PT y la resistencia muscular abdominal fue mayor en MC respecto a DF. Conclusión: Los PT y DF ostentan mayor altura, peso corporal y grasa corporal que los MC y DL. Mientras que la condición física, indica que los DL demuestran mayor fuerza del tren inferior, los MC y DF consiguen mayor capacidad cardiorrespiratoria y los MC presentan mayor resistencia muscular abdominal cuando se analizan futbolistas adolescentes según posición de juego
Characterization of a novel POLD1 missense founder mutation in a Spanish population
Background: We identified a new and a recurrent POLD1 mutation associated with predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC). We characterized the molecular and clinical nature of the potential POLD1 founder mutation in families from Valencia (Spain). Methods: Clinical and molecular data were collected from four independent families known to have a POLD1 Leu474Pro mutation. To establish its founder effect, haplotype construction was performed using 14 flanking POLD1 polymorphic markers. We calculated penetrance estimates and clinical expressivity, globally and stratified by age and sex. Results: We included 32 individuals from the four families: 20 carriers and 12 noncarriers. A common haplotype was identified in these families in a region comprising 2,995 Mb, confirming L474P as the first founder POLD1 mutation identified. Thirteen tumors diagnosed in 10 POLD1 carriers: eight CRC, three endometrial and two other tumors were considered. The median age of cancer onset for POLD1 mutation carriers was 48 years. The observed penetrance was 50% and the cumulative risk at age of 50 years was 30%. Conclusions: The findings of the present study contribute to a better understanding of CRC genetics in the Spanish population. The clinical phenotype for this mutation is similar to that in Lynch syndrome. Future studies using next generation sequencing with large gene panels for any hereditary cancer condition will offer the possibility of detecting POLE/POLD1 mutations in unsuspected clinical situations, demonstrating a more real and unbiased picture of the associated phenotype.This work was supported by the Institute for Health and Biomedical Research of Alicante (ISABIAL, UGP‐16‐146). RFA is recipient of a Fellowship from the Consellería Educación of the Valencian Community. ACA is funded by the Acción Juvenil from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. VDO is recipient of a Fellowship from the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC). AC and MIC are funded by Health and Biomedical Research Foundation from the Valencian Region (FISABIO). EHI is recipient of a fellowship from the Fondo Investigación Sanitaria ISCIII (FI12/00233)
Instrucciones para planificar la actividad docente de una asignatura: la guía docente y la programación temporal
La planificación de detalle que realiza el profesorado de una determinada asignatura se recoge en dos documentos distintos: la guía docente y la programación temporal. La información incluida en ellos será de utilidad para los estudiantes que cursen la asignatura pero no solo para ellos, ya que se empleará también como base para la coordinación docente y en los procesos de revisión y seguimiento de los títulos. Este libro está concebido para servir de apoyo al profesorado a la hora de planificar su docencia y cumplimentar los dos documentos citados
Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis
[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality.
[Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk.
[Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality.
[Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group
Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality
Handbook of Active Ageing and Quality of Life: From Concepts to Applications
La edición de este libro estuvo a cargo de Fermina Rojo-Pérez y Gloria Fernández-Mayoralas.El documento adjunto contiene la cubierta, portada e índice del libro.This handbook presents an overview of studies on the relationship of active ageing and quality of life. It addresses the new challenges of ageing from the paradigm of positive ageing (active, healthy and successful) for a better quality of life. It provides theoretical perspectives and empirical studies, including scientific knowledge as well as practical experiences about the good ageing and the quality of later life around the world, in order to respond to the challenges of an aged population. The handbook is structured in 4 sections covering theoretical and conceptual perspectives, social policy issues and research agenda, methods, measurement instrument-scales and evaluations, and lastly application studies including domains and geographical contexts.Peer reviewe